Butsuri

Online ISSN : 2423-8872
Print ISSN : 0029-0181
ISSN-L : 0029-0181

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Volume 64, Issue 10

Displaying 1-27 of 27 articles from this issue

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages Cover1-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages Toc1-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_Toc1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages Toc3-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_Toc3

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Cosmological Inflation in Supergravity

Motoi Endo

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 735-742
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_735

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An exponential expansion of the universe, called inflation, is one of the important paradigms of the cosmological scenario and has been convinced by astronomical observations, e.g., of the cosmic microwave background radiation. On the other hand, supersymmetry is one of the most plausible extensions of the standard model, and the gravitational theory is naturally extended to supergravity. In this article, we will study the cosmological inflation within the framework of the supergravity. This study sheds light on the mysteries of the inflation and reheating eras as well as the mechanism of the supersymmetry breaking.

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Current Progress in the Study of Excitation Dynamics in Atoms and Molecules by Very-Low- to Low-Energy (10μeV～10eV) Electron Impact

Masashi Kitajima, Hiroshi Tanaka

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 742-751
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_742

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The subject of low energy electron-molecule scattering in the gas phase under single collision conditions is briefly reviewed. First, the Laser Photoelectron Attachment method that has been successfully applied in a number of high resolution studies in the energy range from 〜μeV to less than one eV is discussed. With this method threshold behavior of the attachment process has been clarified for SF_6^-/SF_6 and Cl^-/Cl_2 and cusp structure and vibrarional Feshbach resonance have been observed at the excitation threshold. We then turn to discuss the use of synchrotron photoionization sources for the study of "cold" electron-molecule collisions and results are reported for in the energy range from few meV to about 200meV. For this method we discuss the case of non-polar and polar molecules, where the enhancement of the non-polar cross section with decreasing impact energy is due to virtual states. Finally, recent results of "high resolution" electron-molecule scattering experiments below 10eV are summarized and are also discussed in conjunction with the thermally excited molecule target.

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Foreword(On Motion and Form in Our Daily Life)

Yoshihiro Yamazaki

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 752-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_752

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Shape Development of Kompeitoh(On Motion and Form in Our Daily Life)

Yoshinori Hayakawa

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 753-757
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_753

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As a problem of physics it is not as simple as it may seem to give a clear answer how the spikes on kompeitoh form through crystallization of sucrose. In this article, we report our recent experimental results on the shape development of kompeitoh, followed by the discussions on similarity of the "ridge forming" processes seen in icicles and stalactites, in the viewpoint of crystallization accompanied by liquid film flow.

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Starch Columnar Joints(On Motion and Form in Our Daily Life)

Akihiro Nishimoto, Tsuyoshi Mizuguchi, So Kitsunezaki

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 758-762
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_758

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Cracks formed in drying granule water mixtures, e.g., soils, are ubiquitous phenomena, but details remain still unclear. Recently, the crack patterns formed in drying starch water mixtures have attracted considerable attention for their likeness to columnar joints. Intriguing columnar joints has fascinated many people for centuries and are studied mainly by field works in geology. By studying detail nature of drying cracks and comparing them with columnar joints, progress in understanding both phenomena is expected.

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Physics of Stone Skipping(On Motion and Form in Our Daily Life)

Shin-ichiro Nagahiro

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 763-767
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_763

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The problem of impacts between a solid object and fluid surface has long been studied. A familiar example is "stone skipping", which is the bounce of a flat stone against water's surface. A recent experiment revealed that there exists a "magic angle" of 20° between a disk's face and water surface in which the condition of the lowest impact speed necessary for a bounce is minimized. In this study, we show necessary conditions for a bounce using numerical simulation. We also show that a simple numerical model successfully explains the magic angle.

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Dancing Gel : Convection-like Motion in Vertically Vibrated Complex Fluids(On Motion and Form in Our Daily Life)

Masaki Sano, Ryo Suzuki, Yoshihiro Murayama

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 767-772
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_767

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Non-Newtonian fluid with elastic and/or plastic properties often exhibits unexpected behaviors. When a non-Newtonian fluid is driven by vertical oscillation, we observe a new type of behavior: freestanding convection-like rolls. The convection-like flow occurs without the constraint of container boundaries, yet the diameter of the rolls is spontaneously selected for a wide range of parameters. We studied non-dimensional parameters to elucidate the onset mechanism of this self-organizing behavior.

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Transport Phenomena through a Junction of One-Dimensional Bose Condensates(Current Topics)

Akiyuki Tokuno, Masaki Oshikawa

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 773-777
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_773

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Recent progress in experimental techniques on cold atoms has been stimulating vigorous studies of Bose systems. In cold atom experiments, there is a large degree of freedom in experimental setup design, and time-evolution of the system can be measured directly. These features enable us to study various novel quantum effects in cold atoms. In this article, we discuss junction of Bose condensates confined in one-dimensional potentials theoretically, and introduce a few predictions on the transport phenomena.

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First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Electrochemical Reactions with Effective Screening Medium Method(Current Topics)

Minoru Otani, Ikutaro Hamada

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 777-781
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_777

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One of real pleasures in the computational science is to open a new frontier in science by developing a new methodology that enables us to understand new phenomena. Though the first-principles calculation has been growing as a powerful tool to obtain the electronic structures of solids and surfaces/interfaces of materials, it was still difficult to simulate an electrochemical reaction (electrode reaction) at the liquid/metal interface under the potential difference. We have recently developed a new calculation method to simulate the electrochemical reaction by the first principles calculation and succeeded in "in situ observation" of the electrode reaction. In this article, we explain the method and show the results of the simulation.

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JPSJ Selected Papers in the Latest Issue

Hajime Takayama

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 782-784
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_782

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 785-
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_785_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 785-786
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_785

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 786-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_786_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 786-787
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_786_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 787-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_787

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 788-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_788_1

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 788-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_788_2

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 789-790
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_789

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 791-796
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_791

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 796-797
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_796

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 798-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_798_1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 799-801
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_799

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 804-805
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_804

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 806-
Published: October 05, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 03, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri.64.10_806

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