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Article type: Cover
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
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Article type: Index
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
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Article type: Index
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
303-304
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Tsuneya Ando
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
305-
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Atsushi Hosaka
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
306-307
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Mark Ablowitz, Harvev Segur, Tetsu Yajima
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
308-310
Published: May 05, 2012
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Yasushi Suto
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
311-316
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The expansion of the universe is established as a very well-known "fact" among us in the current era. Theoretically it is a natural outcome from general relativity, and the corresponding solutions to the Einstein equation were derived by A. Friedmann in 1922 and by G. Lemaitre in 1927. The observational evidence for the expansion of the universe came from the linear relation between the recession velocities and distances of extra-galactic nebulae. It is now called as the Hubble law according to the first discoverer of the relation, Edwin Hubble. It was recently pointed out that the "Hubble" law had been discovered by Lemaitre in 1927, a couple of years earlier than the famous Hubble paper in 1929. His French original paper was later translated into English, and published in Monthly Notices of Royal Astronomical Society in 1931. Intriguingly, one equation and several paragraphs and footnotes discussing the Hubble constant were completely lost in the English translation. This curious fact has attracted much attention of astronomers.
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Takashi Taniguchi, Ryoichi Yamamoto
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
317-324
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Multiscale simulation methods have been developed based on the local stress sampling strategy and applied to three flow problems with different difficulty levels: (a) general flow problems of simple fluids, (b) parallel (one-dimensional) flow problems of polymeric liquids, and (c) general (two- or three-dimensional) flow problems of polymeric liquids. In our multiscale methods, the local stress of each fluid element is calculated directly by performing microscopic or mesoscopic simulations according to the local flow quantities instead of using any constitutive relations. For general (two- or three-dimensional) flow problems of polymeric liquids (c), it is necessary to trace the history of microscopic information such as polymer-chain conformation, which carries the memories of past flow history, along the streamline of each fluid element. A Lagrangian-based CFD is thus implemented to correctly advect the polymer-chain conformation consistently with the flow. On each fluid element, coarse-grained polymer simulations are carried out to consider the dynamics of entangled polymer chains that show extremely slow relaxation compared to microscopic time scales. This method is successfully applied to simulate a flow around a cylindrical obstacle.
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Yoshiaki Koma, Miho Koma
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
325-332
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Rich experimental data on heavy quarkonium states have been accumulated so far including not only conventional quark-antiquark bound states but also exotic states. Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) should provide us with a systematic understanding for these states, which is one of the important subject in hadron physics. We review a recent theoretical progress on heavy quarkonium physics based on an effective field theory called potential non-relativistic QCD, and on non-perturbative determination of heavy quark potentials including relativistic corrections with lattice QCD simulations.
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Yasuyuki Nagashima, Koji Michishio
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
333-337
Published: May 05, 2012
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The bound state of a positron and two electrons is known as positronium negative ion. Recently, we have observed efficient emission of the ions from alkali-metal coated tungsten surfaces. We have also succeeded in the observation of the photodetachment of the ions produced using this method. The experimental scheme developed in the present work gives new opportunities to study not only for the investigation of spectroscopic investigation for the ions but also for the production of an energy-tunable positronium beam for future applications.
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Koshiroh Tsukiyama
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
338-342
Published: May 05, 2012
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We present a new method regarding the nuclear ab-initio calculations. Taking advantage of "closed-shell" structure, which is inherent in nuclei, nucleonic many-body problems are decoupled into the closed-shell nucleus and the fewbody problems among valence nucleons. Formulation of RG equation in nuclear medium enables us to perform accurate and effective ab-initio calculations. We briefly explain the theory and some results of benchmarks.
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Yoshitake Sakae, Takao Yoda, Yuji Sugita, Yuko Okamoto
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
343-349
Published: May 05, 2012
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Computational physics study of protein systems is done by molecular simulations based on Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics methods. In order to perform such computer simulations, one has to specify a potential energy (or, force field) of the system. The force field functions that have been developed by research groups in the U.S.A. and Europe for many years are commonly used. In this article, we discuss the validity of these force fields and introduce a method for developing a new force field with high accuracy.
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Arisato Kawabata
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
350-351
Published: May 05, 2012
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[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
352-
Published: May 05, 2012
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[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
352-
Published: May 05, 2012
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[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
352-
Published: May 05, 2012
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
353-
Published: May 05, 2012
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
353-354
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2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
354-
Published: 2012
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
355-361
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
361-362
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[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
362-
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
363-
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
364-365
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
366-368
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
369-
Published: May 05, 2012
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages
370-
Published: May 05, 2012
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