-
Article type: Cover
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
Cover1-
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
Toc1-
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
Toc3-
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
545-546
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Masashi Takigawa
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
547-
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Tadashi Ogitsu
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
548-555
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
β-Rhombohedral boron is the thermodynamically stable allotrope of boron at ambient pressure and at near the melting temperature. X-ray diffraction analysis has shown that this crystal has 423 atomic positions in its hexagonal unit cell, and only 320 of them are occupied. More precisely, 23 out of 320 atoms are randomly located over the 126 atomic sites. Recently, a theoretical study has shown that the partial occupancy is necessary to form a closed shell electronic structure. Moreover, it was also shown that there exists a competition between the interaction and the lattice structure of partial occupancy leading to realization of geometrical frustration in elemental solid. In this article, we will discuss on the historical background of boron research, on the recent progress in understanding its unique property, and on its relation to the third law of thermodynamics.
View full abstract
-
Takaaki Tanaka, Yasunobu Uchiyama
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
556-560
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope continues to produce important results on various astrophysical topics in the high-energy gamma-ray domain from tens of MeV up to hundreds of GeV. The discovery of gamma-ray flares from the Crab Nebula is one of the most exciting results obtained recently with the LAT. The flaring spectral component is arguably of synchrotron origin and its spectrum measured during the flare in 2011 April peaks around 400 MeV, which contradicts with a fundamental theoretical limit. The LAT observations pose a new challenge in the field of high-energy astrophysics.
View full abstract
-
Kenta Kiuchi, Yuichiro Sekiguchi
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
560-565
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Coalescence of binary neutron stars is a main target of the ground-based gravitational observatory such as KAGRA and important target for the multimessenger astronomy. If gravitational waves and neutrinos from mergers of binary neutron star, it would be possible to probe the nuclear matter inside neutron stars. In this report, we would like to overview the discovery of the binary neutron star and the research for the gravitational wave and introduce our latest research based on Numerical Relativity.
View full abstract
-
Ryuichi Okamoto, Akira Onuki
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
566-570
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The electrostatic interaction among charged objects such as ions, charged colloids, and polyelectrolytes have been studied extensively in soft matter physics. However, the solvation effect has not yet been adequately accounted for. In mixtures of water and an organic solvent (oil), the solvation chemical potential of an ion strongly depends on the local composition. We have examined the phase behavior of water-oil mixtures with a small amount of salt on the basis of a Ginzburg-Landau model, where we take into account the selective solvation among ions and solvent molecules. With hydrophilic ions added, the selective solvation can stabilize water-rich domains enriched with ions in a wide temperature-composition region where the mixture would be in-one phase states without ions. We have furthermore studied the effective interaction among colloids in mixture solvents with ions. The colloid surfaces can easily be covered by a water-rich wetting layer induced by selective solvation. Bridging of the wetting layers produces a strong attractive interaction.
View full abstract
-
Yutaka Ueda, Akiko Nakao, Hironori Nakao, Yukinori Ohta
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
571-575
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Ferromagnetism usually goes hand in hand with metallicity, whereas insulators are in general antiferromagnetic. Surprisingly, however, chromium hollandite K_2Cr_8O_<16>, which is a ferromagnetic metal with Curie temperature of 180 K, undergoes a phase transition into an insulator at 95 K, without changing its ferromagnetism. This is the first observation of the ferromagnetic metal to ferromagnetic insulator transition. Using the X-ray structural analyses and first-principles electronic structure calculations, we clarified that this metal-insulator transition is due to the Peierls mechanism where the spin degrees of freedom play no role.
View full abstract
-
Masaki Hori, Ryugo Hayano
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
575-579
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Antiprotonic helium atoms were irradiated with two counter-propagating laser beams, thereby exciting some non-linear two-photon transitions of the antiproton. The transition probability was enhanced by placing a virtual intermediate state of the antiproton close to a real state. This partially canceled the Doppler broadening of the laser resonance caused by the thermal motion of the atoms. The resulting narrow spectral lines allowed us to measure the transition frequencies with fractional precisions of 2.3-5 parts in 10^9. By comparing the results with QED calculations, we derived the antiproton-to-electron mass ratio as 1836.1526736 (23). The antiproton charges and masses agreed with those of the proton to a precision of 7×10^<-10>.
View full abstract
-
Katsuhiko Higuchi, Masahiko Higuchi
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
580-584
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The Hohenberg-Kohn theorem of the density functional theory (DFT) has the arbitrariness of choosing basic variables that determine the ground-state properties. By means of this arbitrariness, we can choose as basic variables the physical quantities that have more information than the electron density. Such a generalization of the density functional theory is realized by the extended constrained-search (ECS) theory. While the ECS theory has a significant advantage in guaranteeing the reproduction of physical quantities other than the electron density, the developments of the approximate form of the exchange-correlation energy functional are indispensable in order to make the theory work well in practice. In this article, we present the idea and merits of the ECS theory, and mention the problems and their coping strategies.
View full abstract
-
Tsuneya Ando
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
585-587
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
588-
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
588-
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
588-589
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Hiroshi Yasuoka
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
589-591
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
591-592
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
592-
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
592-593
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
594-598
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
599-
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
599-600
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
601-
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
App2-
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
App3-
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
604-609
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages
609-610
Published: August 05, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 18, 2019
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS