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Volume 21, Issue 3-4
Displaying 51-65 of 65 articles from this issue
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Yozo MURAOKA, Kazunobu OHORI1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 300-301
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The morphological and physiological differences of tobacco seedlings grown in the bed of conditioned temperature, were observed, and then the successive developmental changes were sought when the seedlings were transplanted under various thermal conditions. In field. 2. The vegetative growth of seedling grown under low temperature (10∼20'C) was inferior to that of high temperature (20∼30'C), but it was observed that the former is specialized with the morphological and physiological character to resist against such an unfavorable condition as transplanting or low temperature. The differences of seeding characters were shown obviously under low temperature condition, and especially the development of seedling nursed in low temperature bed was accelerated when grown under low temperature in field. 4. The fact that the different characters of seedling as to flower ignition could be identified only in the case of low temperature condition, is considered to be due to the different rooting ability as well as the thermal response accumulated during the seedling period.View full abstractDownload PDF (461K) -
Yozo MURAOKA, Kazunobu OHORI, Minoru SASAKI1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 302-303
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The flower-bud initiation of tobacco plant (N. Tabacum Var. Virginica) was obviously accelerated under low temperature condition (approximately 10°C∼20°C). 2. Whereas, the period from initiation of flower bud to opening of flower was shortened when grown under high temperature condition. 3. The critical temperature for acceleration and delay of flower-bud initiation is observed approximately at 20°C. 4. The malnutrition induead by lack of fertitizer, seemed to delay the flower-bud initiation when grown under high temperature condition, while the effect was perfectly prevailed over by applying the favorable low temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (479K) -
Yozo MURAOKA, Tadaomi TOKITSU1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 304-305
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. It was shown that, in the early planting, the varietal difference as to the period required for initiation of flower bud was clear, while was carcely recognized in the late planting. 2. As to the days for flowering, a similar trend was also shown, but was not so remarkable as obtained in the former case. 3. Concluding from the variations of external character which indicate the intensity of thermal response, the varieties of tobacco plants, so far as this investigation is concerned, were classified into 3 groups (B, Y, X, ) and out of them the Group B was observed to be most sensitive to abnormal acceleration.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
Kenzou ISHIDOYA, Kumao NISHIMURA, Yozo MURAOKA1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 306-308
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have seprarated the free amino acids and the sugars at various stages of growing tobacco plant by means of one dimensional paper chromatography. At the seedling stage (11-12 leaves), a large amount of them were obtained, and immediately after the flower bud formation their increase was especially recognized at the tip of stem.View full abstractDownload PDF (433K) -
Hiroshi INOUE, Shugo CHAMURA1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 309-310
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHereby it was recognized that the flower of Japanese mint is of essential entomophilae and autonogamy. The seed setting percentage was considerably high when fertilized during two days (red-stem) or four days (green-stem) after flowering in the case of ovary, while the stamens were available merely for one day. The inflorescence treated with 50°C even for one hour reduced the seed setting percentage, and the damage due to high temperature was most seriously observed at the time of anthesis.View full abstractDownload PDF (380K) -
Hiroshi INOUE, Shugo CHAMURA1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 311-312
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe insects, as pollinator, were damaged by high temperature or dryness, and out of them, Scolia tokioenis Betrem was found the most resistant. Meanwhile the shading to lower the temperature and the maintenance of high moisture were both favorable for survival of insects. In practice, therefore, the covering by hemp-cloth was effective to avoid from high temperature. As to pollen castration, it can be conducted by hand easily in September, especially at 9 O'clock as optimum and even at 10 O'clock successfully. But it can be succeeded more efficiently by soaking the mint inflorescence in to 47°C hot water for 5 minutes, and the seeds set by this method germinated normally.View full abstractDownload PDF (431K) -
Shugo CHAMURA1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 313-314
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRhizome tip cuttings of peppermint plant were cultured with water of various pH under various temperatures. (1) The most vigorous growth was observed at pH 7 approximately, when compared at every level temperature tested, and this means that the activities of lipase and amylase were favored most at this pH. (2) Meanwhile, the more vigorous growth was obtained under higher temperatures when compared at every pH grade, because the enzymes could function more actively. (3) The buds were damaged when the acidity is beyond pH 4.5.View full abstractDownload PDF (406K) -
Toshimasa MUROGA, Tadahisa ITO1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 315-316
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe experiment was carried out with 4 different field plots where the hop stump consists of every (a) 5 vines, (b) 3 vines, (b) 2 vines, and (d) 1 vines, and the elements of temperature, evaporation quantity, humidity, moisture of soil and the growth of hops were observed respectively for several times. So far as this experiment is concerned, it was concluded that the climatic condition which is suitable to growth, yield or quality of hops can not be expected by increasing the number of vinesraised, but is closely related to the number of vines to bring the favorable spacing.View full abstractDownload PDF (427K) -
Msaru KAZAKI1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 317-318
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The culture methods of the sweet lupin were studied at Sumiyoshi Meadow and Experimental Field, Dept. Agr. Miyasaki University. 2. On soiling yield of the sweet lupin, 1) Optimum seeding period is respectively October 15 in autumn, April 15 in spring, and yield per 1/100 tan is 46.5 kg and 24.5 kg. 2) Optimum seeding amount is from 8 to l4 sho per tam. 3. On the yield of seeds, 1) Optimum seeding period is from middle to late of october. 2) Optimum seeding amount is from 5 to 7 sho per tan.View full abstractDownload PDF (460K) -
Yasuo KASAHARA, Osamu KINOSHITA1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 319-320
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Tests were made on (1) germination of barnyard grass seed, (2) tolerance of the young barnyard plants to submergence in water, and (3) the effect of flooding on the top and root growths of the rice plants and its yield. 2) Rice plant were planted on June 28th, 1950 in concrete boxes, having glass wall on one side. On July 5th all weeds were removed and seeds and seedlings of the barnyard grass were planted between the rice plants. The amounts of water of respective boxes were adjusted to soil saturation and 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm. deep. Their conditions were held for 15 and 30 day periods and then all plots were flooded 5 cm. deep to mature. 3) With the increase in the depth of water the germination of the seeds of barnyard grass decreased. But in the laboratory, Tainubie (Echinochloa Crus-galli BEAUV. var. oryzicola OHWI) showed a considerable germination even at 15∼20 cm depth of water. 4) Many weeds that grew in paddy fields showed more or less tolerance to submergence, in water even when entirely submerged. Most of barnyard grass died after having been entirely submerged in water of 20 cm. for 15∼30 days. In the case of 15 cm. depth, a few plants survived. Barnyard grass developed the best on the saturated soil and next best in soil submerged for 5 cm. 5) Rice plants also showed considerable tolerance to water. The yield from 10∼20 cm. depth was equal to that of 5 cm. depth. As to the number of tillers, the treatment of 20 cm. of water held for 15∼30 days was momentarily poorer than the 5 cm. and rice plants tended to lodge. 6) The growth of rice plants on the saturated soil was inhibited on account of much weed growth and therefore its yield was small.View full abstractDownload PDF (407K) -
Koki MATUO, Susumu MIZUNO1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 321-322
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The authors have found the abortive anthers grouped upon staminal column in cotton and kenaf. 2. These abnormal anthers were observed to involve sterile pollens without contents, providing with the pollen wall that trends to show irregular curvature. 3. This abnormality is due to malnutrition that partially induced in buds at the vigorous growing stage by sudden change of temperature covering morning to evening. 4. In the case of kenaf, furthermore, the abnormal anthers are numbered more at the upper part of staminal column (the side facing to stem) that the lower part (facing to soil surface). This is explained by the accumulation of gravitational stimulus towards the upper part.View full abstractDownload PDF (528K) -
Suetake MIKI1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 323-324
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. From my own opinion the main tropical crops include economical tropical crops as well as wellknown crops which are growing all over the warm countries in the Temperate, Sub-tropics and Tropics. 2. Mode of classification is to be as follows, the main tropical crops are divided, at first by use, in the second by Agricultural Administration, and in the third by the system of cultivated ion, ie. cultivation by Estate and Inhabitants. In this way, many main Tropical crops will be divided into the two classes. 3. As I showed above, I described about the mode of classification with 17 chapters of main tropical crops.View full abstractDownload PDF (422K) -
Kiyoshi YAMAMOTO1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 325-327
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Studies were made to find the favorable temperatures and concentrations of colchicine solution to induce amphidiploid in germinating seeds of Triticum vulgare × Secale cereale F1. The concentrations tested were 0.025 % and 0.05 %, and the temperatures were high (25°C), medium (11∼17°C) and low (4∼6°C. The treatments were carried for 24 hrs. 2. The percentage of swelled plants was high at low temperatures, being Ca. 40 in 0.025 % solution and Ca. 47 in 0.05 %, while it was Ca. 7∼29 in the other plots. The percentage of plants which died was high in the 0.05 % solution of high and medium temperatures, being Ca. 92 and 75 respectively, while, it was Ca. 44∼57 in other plots. The plants other than those above mentioned grew normally. 3. By the size of stomata in young plants, the chromosome doubling was tentatively judged. The percentage of plants in which the chromosomes have not been doubled was 0∼20, corresponding nearly to that of normal plants judged by external appearance. The percentage of chimera as was high in 0.025 % solution at medium and low temperatures, being Ca. 21 and 26 respectively, while it was Ca. 4∼15 in other plots. The percentage of plants classified as those in which the chromosome doubling was widely occurred was the highest, Ca. 34, in the 0.05 % solution of low temperature while it was Ca. 3∼17 in the other plots. 4. By the fertility of matured plants, the chromosomal doubing was checked. The number of plants which set grains was found smaller than that of chimeras and the plants in which the doubling was assumed to have widely occurred from the stomatal size. Most of the plants setting grains, however, were found among those that were classified as chimeras and the plants in which the doubling was widely occurred. The percentage of plants setting grains was the poorest, Ca. 3, in 0.05 % solutions of high temperature, while at low temperatures it was Ca. 12 in 0.025 % and Ca. 13 in 0.05 % solutions. 5. So far as the present experiment is concerned, the effect of colchicine on the germinating seeds of Triticum vulgare × Secale cereale F1 was the best at low temperature, the concentrations of solution of both 0.05 % and 0.025 % showing almost the same result.View full abstractDownload PDF (601K) -
Minoru MATSUBAYASHI1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 328-330
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the view of studying the influence of fertilizing ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and farmyard manure and their split applications on the growth and yield of kenaf, the present experiments were carried out in 1949 and 1050 on the so-called "Kantoloam, " i.e. volcanic ash clay soil in the Kanto District. 1. Application of farmyard manure, especially mixed with inorganic fertilizers, promoted the growth of kenaf and increased the production of its fibres significantly. 2. Ammonium nitrate was as much efficacious as ammonium sulphate by splitting its application in two times. The nodes with leaves of normal form located lower and those with abnormal leaves higher on the stem as the plant grew more vigorously. 4. To cultivate successfully such a deep-rooting and short-period crop as kenaf on a soil with large water-and fertilizer-holding capacities, it was found to be better to promote the root growth during the early life of the plant by means of supplying sufficient amounts of inorganic fertilizers, especially mixed with farmyard manure at the seeding time. 5. The time of application of additional fertilizer was an important factor affecting the growth and yield, Split applications of fertilizers might become fully effective by irrigation.View full abstractDownload PDF (481K) -
Minoru MATSUBAYASHI, Chozo HIRAO1953 Volume 21 Issue 3-4 Pages 331-333
Published: June 30, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The length and diameter of the stem, the weight of the whole plant and the yield of fibres, and also the proportion of the fibre to the bark (epidermis, cortex and phloem) increased with the growth, but that of the fibre to the stem began to decrease at 14th week of growth. These phenomena might be caused by speedy growth of woody parts compared with that of bast fibres. 2. During the early life of the plant, new internodes needed three or four weeks, to elongate to full length after the emergence of the node which it followed, but later when the growth were vigorous, two or three weeks were needed. 3. The thickness of the stem and its woody part at a definite part (the 2nd internode) continued to enlarge with plant growth, but the thickness of the bark and bast fibrous layers and the numbers of both fibre layers and bundles increased till 12th week (the time of florescence), and thereafter only slightly or scarcely increased. The proportion of the bark to the stem decreased with growth and also that of the fibre layer to the stem decreased slightly after florescence. As above-mentioned, these phenomena were caused by the growth being larger in the woody part than in the bark and the fibre layer. As for extention of fibrous tissues, the proportion of it in the stem became larger in the lower part than in the middle and upper ones. 4. The process of formation of fibrous layers varied with their positions in the stem; in the lower part it was earlier, and in the upper part it was later, and also the shape of fibre bundle varied with its location in the stem. 5. All of the fibre bundles in each layer differentiated within one or two weeks and the number of them seemed larger in the layer of higher order and in the upper part of stem. Also the number of cells in the largest bundle in each layer showed the same tendency mentioned above. 6. It seemed to take one or two weeks for thickening of bast fibre cell-walls. The thickness of fibre cell-walls and the dimensions of fibre cells varied little with its layer-order (F1, F2············Fn). 7. Dry weights of stem and fibre were heavier in the lower part, and lighter in the upper part. 8. Distribution of fibrous tissue in the stem became to be uniform as the stem developed. 9. Percentage of fibre was the largest in the part 20 to 40 cm. above the cotyledon-node, and smaller both in the lower and the upper parts. 10. In the upper half part of the stem there were merely three layers of bast fibre, two layers of wood fibre and only one layer brought to completion of both bast and wood fibres at the last stage.View full abstractDownload PDF (532K)