All issues
Successor
Volume 45, Issue 11
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
[in Japanese]1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 751
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (246K) -
[in Japanese]1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 752
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (244K) -
[in Japanese]1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 753-754
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (421K) -
[in Japanese]1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 755
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (236K) -
Hiromi Kato1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 756-765
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAfter the war, consumption of electricity has markedly been increased together with the progress of the economics and also the elevation of the na tional living standard. This tendency will continue in the future. The enterpriser, from the long-term points of view, is making efforts for the steady supply of electricity as well as the improvement of service. In the near future, the energy resources in the world will no doubt become exhausted. Here lies a background to actively urge the introduction of atomic power generation. Atomic power generation was first achieved experimentally in U. S. A. in 1951. Although its history is very short, development of atomic power generation has rapidly been made in recent years. In Japan, Japan Atomic Research Institute succeeded in the generation of 12, 500kW by the small power in testing reactor 1963.At present plants of 300, 000-400, 000kW generation capacity are to be installed in several sites. It is expected that electricity of less than t 21 kWh will be gained by the atomic power generation, and according to the present uran reserves, energy supply by atomic power will be semi-permanently guaranteed. In Japan the plant cost is estimated to be about 30% higher than that in foreign countries owing to the high money rates, the thick population density as well as the natural conditions of earthquakes, etc. Ho wever, its reduction is possible by enlarging the unit generating volume . Generating cost by atomic power will be equivalent to that by coal in 1970 and by fuel oil in 1975, and in more future date it will become more reduced. There are many who feel uneasy aboutthe safety of the reactor, but there is no anxiety.View full abstractDownload PDF (1649K) -
Tamaki Tsutsumi1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 766-771
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDemand of town gas tends to vary with the season. Especially thistendency is remarkable with the increase of the proportion of gas utilization. Town gasmanufacture has so far been based on the coke oven gas, however, owing to the sluggishcoke market it has had to use the raw material other than coal in order to adjust theseasonal change of the demand. Thus the processes of thermal decomposition and catalytic cracking of petroleum have appeared before the footlights . However, the producedgsa itself is not always appropriate for town gas, and so it is supplied by mixing withother gases. As the thermocracked gas, which is unappropriate for fuel, is improved bythe addition of hydrogen, the steam-reforming process and ICI continuous tube reformerhave been adopted for the cracking of naphtha rich in hydrogen . The produced gas isused for the thermo-cracked gas improver and/or for the supply gas in local towns . Veryrecently, 1964-'65, new processes for town gas making composed of CH4, H2 and CO2have been developed in the United Kingdom. One is the self-thermal reaction of naphthaand another is the direct hydrogenation of naphtha to produce CH4. The process similarto the former has been developed in this Company and Japan Gasoline Co. Ltd., justat the same time in U. K. The industrial plants are now under construction . At present, naphtha has been used for the production of town gas from petroleum raw material, However, there remain problems for the future steady supply . Therefore, gas makingprocess of CH4 and H2 system from crude oil, especially heavy crude oil must be developed.
Nowadays, the import of LMG from Alaska or the Middle and Near East Asia has thrown a topic, and LMG has a great future as a raw material for town gas making .View full abstractDownload PDF (1033K) -
Toyoyuki Tsukuda1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 772-778
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe recent desires for petrochemicals have become strict, and thus their production cost tends to rise, the price of products, however, being fixed up owing to the severe competition in the market. Conequently, cheaper installation and operation fees are required for the refineries to be newly installed. Integrated refinery has appeared as one to suffice these requirements, i. e. it connects with each unit to systematize once-through unit.
The author nitroduces in detail the heat integrated refinery installed in July, 1965 at Sakai Refinery of the Company, and also explains the characteristics of the refinery for only lubricating oil installed last year at Takao in Taiwan.View full abstractDownload PDF (1450K) -
Masao Yukawa1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 779-789
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Japanese steel industry is the world's third-largest.
In view of its size, the amount of energy consumed or produced bv the industry is, therefore, very considerable. The steel industry is alreadv making every effort to save on energy consumption and to effectively utilize by-produced energy.
I. Preface
II. The Steel Industry in Japan
1. Outline
2. Position of the Iron and Steel Industry in Energy Consumption
3. Energy in Manufacturing Processes
III. Energy in the Iron and Steel Industrv
1. Coal
2. Coke
3. Heavy Oil
4. Electric Power
5. Gas by-products
6. Oxygen
7. Industrial Water
IV. Future of Energy in Japanese Iron and Steel Industry.View full abstractDownload PDF (1773K) -
Corrections Necessary for the Estimation of Inorganic SubstancesGijiro Hosokawa1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 790-799
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince many Japanese anthracites were formed by the heat action of igneous rocks upon the coal beds, carbonates produced from chemical reaction have permeated into the coal as the secondary action, so that the volatile matters of the coal, when weighed, show rather larger values than the true contents.
In order to estimate the true values of volatile matters of the coal, the true ash content was evaluated, as the first step, by the following methods.
1. The low temperature oxidation method
Coal sample is burnt to ash at a low temperature without causing any decomposition of carbonates.
2. The hydrochloric acid treatment method
The coal sample is subjected to a preliminary treatment with hydrochloric acid to remove the carbonate, and the acid treated coal is subjected to oxidation at 800 °C. The weight of this residue together with the loss in weight of the coal on acid treatment (after correction for adsorbed hydrochloric acid), gives a value for the mineral matter content of the coal sample.
The results of these experiments showed that most part of the carbonates consisted of dolomite and partially contained calcite . By correcting the value of volatile matters by means of these corrected ash contents, a more appropriate fuel ratio can be calculated.View full abstractDownload PDF (1164K) -
Characteristics of Organic Matters in AnthracitesGijiro Hosokawa1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 800-809
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the couse of studying the influences of the heat action of igneous rocks upon the coal bed of Tagawa, the following measurements were carried out to find any good indicating properties which show the carbonization degrees of Japanese anthra cites. Estimation has been made of:
1. The density of coal in dry and ash free state
2. Ignition temperatures and electric resistances
3. The size of the unit crystallite in the diffraction of X-rays
As the results of these experiments, the following consequences became clear.
1. Beyond 90 percent carbon content in the course of the coalification process, the density of coal in dry ash free state shows a sudden increase with age and the electric resistance suddenly decreases. Therefore, both of them will become reliable indicators of the carbonization degree.
2. Ignition temperature gradually rises with age . So this will also become a good indicator of the carbonization degree.
3. The size of the unit crystallite becomes lager with age.
On the other hand, studying the influences of weathering upon the anthracites (Enokiyama), the following results were confirmed
4. Concerning Enokiyama weathered anthracites bed, judging from the quantitative analyses of humic acid and the results of infrared spectra of the samples taken from various depths, effect of weathering was found to be about 7 meters in depth from surface exposures.
5. As weathering advances, the amount of humic acid increases . Together with this change, the density of coal in dry ash free state shows a considerable increase and the electric resistance suddenly increases from 103 ohm to above 109 ohm. Therefore, both of them will become good indicators of the weathering degree.
6. Comparison of X-ray intensities of weathered anthracites with those of the unoxidized anthracites shows enhanced intensity of (002) band and nearly unchanged intensity of (10) band, and interlayer distance slightly shortens .
7. In the infrared absorption spectra, with the progress of weathering there appear and develop the absorption bands of 3.0μand5.8μ (du to-OH and C=O groups). The amount of oxygen in anthracites increases with weathering but H/C ratio is almost kept constant.
Judging from these facts, it seems oxygen is introduced only into the surface of crystallites of coal and hydrogen is not removed from them in the weathering process .View full abstractDownload PDF (1127K) -
1966 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 814-818
Published: November 20, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (708K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|