All issues
Successor
Volume 57, Issue 10
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Kunihiro MOTEGI1978 Volume 57 Issue 10 Pages 803-816
Published: October 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Japanese goverment agency established the Public Nuisance Prevention Basic Law in 1967, and the Air Pollution Prevention Act in 1968. These laws placed the responsibility of preventing pollution directly upon industry, and have been rigorously enforced. Since sulfur oxides were major contributors to air pollution, petroleum industry has been playing a role in solving these problems to meet the growing demand in low sulfur heavy fuel oils, and has been spending a large amount of investment for new facilities.
Recognizing the most effective way to control sulfur oxides emissions into the atmosphere would be directly desulfurization of residual fuel oils, some foreign licensors have improved their processes and catalysts to provide with technology achieving sulfur level of less than 0.1wt% in atmospheric residues.
At present, the choise of desulfurization scheme for producing low sulfur fuel oils less than 0.3wt% sulfur levels in pool products are as follows.
(1) Direct hydrodesulfurization of the atmospheric residue.
(2) Indirect hydrodesulfurization of the atmospheric residue in combination with thermal cracking or gasification of the asphaltenes.
(3) Catalytic cracking of the atmospheric residue.In this paper, above three process routes are dictated, mainly on the basis of the history of process applications in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (1675K) -
Yashiro MIURA1978 Volume 57 Issue 10 Pages 817-825
Published: October 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFull scale operation of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) for coalfired boilers of electric power generating plant was started in February 1975 for the first time in Japan. Its three year operation to date proved more than satisfactory and the performance indicates even better results than those initially planned.
However, experiences with operating disclosed that FGD of coal-fired boilers involved problems peculiar to coal burning, which require following considerations.
1. Coal contains certain substances, such as chlorine which would unfavourably affect FGD and a definite measure should be established to control such maleficence.
2. In case where gas being handled contains high concentration of SO2, a measure to counter the scaling action is necessary.
3. Waste water from FGD requires sufficient study on COD removal.
4. Depending on the kinds of coal, there may arise a problem peculiar to the coal being used. So, it is necessary to know the constituents and property of that particular coal, and result of the study should be reflected in designing the detail of the FGD.View full abstractDownload PDF (1026K) -
Hideya INABA1978 Volume 57 Issue 10 Pages 826-833
Published: October 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFlue gas treatment technology for NOχ control is required to treat the flue gases from complicated and wide varieties of fuels and combustion systems. The properties of flue gases influence on NOχ control in various ways.
In this paper, these influences on NOχ control are classified discussed and several countermeasures against these influences are presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (1002K) -
Jiro SUZUKI, Tsutae NAGAYAMA, Hiroyuki MATSUDA, Masatoshi WATANABE, Mi ...1978 Volume 57 Issue 10 Pages 834-848
Published: October 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes the present condition of the technique of clearing dust, that we authors have executed at thermal power plants in our country up to now; and describes a part of development conditions of future subject that is the technique of cleaning sub-micron size dust.View full abstractDownload PDF (2046K) -
Ikutoshi MATSUMURA1978 Volume 57 Issue 10 Pages 849-859
Published: October 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Japan 8 years have passed since photo-chemical smog began to appear, but its causes are still not clearly known. As a preventive measure for such photo-chemical smog, it seems necessary to prevent discharge of hydrocarbons and NOχ which are regarded as the major causes to form photo-chemical oxidant. Among the two causes, hydrocarbons from automobiles and NOχ have been already regulated, but a regulation of hydrocarbon emission from stationary sources has not been enforced except for few local autonomies. According to the investigation by Environmental Agency of Japan, in 1973, about 1.3 million tons of hydrocarbons were emitted from stationary sources, in which the petroleum industry emitted about 0.2 million tons, that is, 15% of total discharge.
In this reviews I referred the state of hydrocarbon emission and its preventive measure in petroleum industry including refinery plants, oil terminals and gas stations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1552K) -
Tadao YOSHIDA, Shozoh TAKEYAMA, Masao YOSHIDA1978 Volume 57 Issue 10 Pages 860-870
Published: October 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhotochemical oxidants are formed by the sunlight irradiationon the air containing precusors nitrogen oxides (NOχ) and reactive hydrocarbons (HC). The effect of precursor concentrations on the rate and maximum concentrationof oxidant formation has been elucidated by smog-chamber experiments.The reactivity of HC is an important factor for the formation of oxidants and hasbeen continually tried to be classified rationally. Several models for evaluatingthe effect of hydrocarbon emission on the level of ambient oxidants have beendeveloped and some of them are now available, though some problems are leftwithout solved.View full abstractDownload PDF (1377K) -
Toshiichi OKITA1978 Volume 57 Issue 10 Pages 871-883
Published: October 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the occurrence of widespread air pollution problems such as photochemical air pollution and acid precipitation, the direct deposition of the pollutants to the ground and water surface, the rainout and washout of the pol-lutants have to be taken into account in the long range transportation of the pollutants. In this paper the experimental and theoretical methods of estimation of the deposition to the ground and washout, and their results are reviewed. The tested materials were SO2, particulate matter, NO2, PAN, O3, HF etc.
The inventory in the emisson and deposition of pollutants in several regions, mean life of pollutants, the effect of deposition in diffusion model of pollutants, the background concentrations, sinks and mean lifes of several important pollutants are also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1443K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|