All issues
Successor
Volume 61, Issue 5
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
[in Japanese]1982 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 289-290
Published: May 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (325K) -
Energy and Exergy Analysis of Liquefaction ProcessesNaonori NISHIDA, Masaru ISHIDA1982 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 291-300
Published: May 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe evaluation of the thermodynamic properties of coal liquids is briefly discussed. A model process of a coal liquefaction is presented and its exergy analysis is developed using “SPEED (Structured Process Energy-Exergy-flow Diagram) ”. Both the first law and the second law efficiencies of typical over all processes of coal liquefaction are calculated . Processes studied are several SRC-I based ones, SRC-II and H-Coal. The conversion efficiency of coal processing to the useful energy level through several direct coal liquefaction processes and through an indirect coal liquefaction process of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is reviewed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1119K) -
Influence of Ash Constituents of Cokes on CO2 ReactivityHideo FUJITA, Masanobu UBA, Seiji NISHIDA1982 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 301-305
Published: May 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe optical textures, pore structure and ash constituents of cokes may be generally influencial factors for CO2 gasification reaction of cokes. In the present report, the CO2 reactivity of the carbonized mixtures of benzen soluble fraction of coal-tar pitch with ash obtained from the typical seven single cokes used in the previous study was measured in order to make clear the influence of ash constituents on CO2 reactivity.
It was found that the reactivities of carbonized mixtures of which ash contents are 10% varied to large extent, depending on the kind of coke ash, and the contents of Fe2O3 and K2O in ash components were closely correlated with the reactivity.
Although the authors indicated in the previous reports that the high reactivities of the cokes from high rank coals, which are Itmann coal (R0=1.66%) and Smoky River coal (R0=1.57%), were mainly due to the pore structure of its cokes, ash constituents also appears to play a significant role for the high reactivity of both cokes, especially of Itmann coke.View full abstractDownload PDF (572K) -
Katsuji ISHIBASHI, Rikio KOBAYASHI1982 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 306-311
Published: May 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present investigation is conerned with developing a process to produce activated carbon from waste polyacrylonitrile by use a fluidized bed for activation.
Polyacrylonitrile was first heated in the air at 270°C for 5 hr. Then the product was activated by steam in a batch fluidized bed at 800-900°C for 10-90min. The yield of activated carbon was 20-27 weight percent at 800-900°C activation.
The adsorption properties were as followes: for activation temperature 800-900°C, methylene blue adsorbability, 300-400mg/g internal surface area 1, 300-1, 400m2/g.
The obtained activated carbon could adsorb butyl mercaptan of 340 weight percent based on the activated carbon.
The value is about six times higher than that of those obtained from coconutshell, wood and coal, this excellent quality is probably due to nitrogenous such as nitrile, diazo, and azino compounds found in the activated carbon.
Adsorption of mercury, cadmium, chrome, and lead from aqueous solution on this activated carbon was the same as that on the commercial one. Those results showed that the activated carbon obtained in this study is useful for removal of mercaptan, one of air pollutants which can hardly remove by existant adsorbents.View full abstractDownload PDF (804K) -
Rapid Pyrolysis of Taiheiyo CoalMitsunori MAKINO, Yuzo TODA, Tsutomu KATO, Mamoru KAIHO, Mitsuo KOBAYA ...1982 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 312-319
Published: May 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRapid pyrolysis of Taiheiyo coal was studied at 900°C and argon pressure-50atm. An increase in argon pressure to 50atm caused the secondary decomposition of tarry materials in the interspace among coal particles, which led to an agglomeration of coal particles as well as an increase in char yield.
It was suggested that the overall pyrolysis of coal proceeded with the following reaction sequence.
Decomposition of coal → fast decomposition of volatile → slow reactions between product gases
(primary decomposition) (secondary reactions)
Compared with slow heating at 3.3°C/min, rapid heating of coal enhanced the yield of unsaturated gaseous hydrocarbons such as ethylene and propylene. The unsaturated hydrocarbons were converted to methane when the secondary reactions were forced to proceed by elevating the pressure or prolonging the residence time of product gases.
Effect of pressure and product-gas residence time on the distribution of gaseous hydrocarbons were quantitatively well expressed by a reaction model which was concerned only in the last step in the above sequence.View full abstractDownload PDF (1333K) -
Hideo HOSODA, Toshimasa HIRAMA, Harumi KAGA, Masakatsu MIURA, Kazuhiko ...1982 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 320-328
Published: May 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo establish the technology of coarse size coal (i.e. 25mm under) combustion by fluidized bed, experimental study was carried out using combustor which has 0.25m square section and 4m height without any crushing and screening process.
By recycling of a part of overflowed ash (i.e . 2mm under), stable operation was obtained without deposition of coarse size ashes . Because of unstable coal feed rate, the value of combustion efficiency was not so high, but it was expected that higher value could be obtained by stable coal feed rate . The two-stage combustion method showed about 130ppm NOx emission level at 1.0 primary air ratio.
It was found from the above results that the utilization of coarse size coal is one of advanced technology for fluidized bed combustion.View full abstractDownload PDF (1079K) -
Oxidation by Addition of H2, H2O2, HCHO, CH4Nobuaki MURAKAMI, Jun IZUMI, Seiichi SHIRAKAWA1982 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 329-337
Published: May 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this report, the reaction characteristics of O2-NO-H2, H2O2, HCHO, CH4 systems were investigated, expecting the oxidation of NO to NO2. Main results were summerized as follows.
1) These chemicals (H2, H2O2, HCHO, CH4) have the effect of oxidizing NO to NO2 at 400-800°C in the presence of O2 (only H2O2 don't need the presence of O2)
2) In the case of H2O2 and HCHO, oxidation of NO to NO2 was occured at [M] / [NO] _??_ ([M] / [NO] molar ratio of added chemicals to NO), but in the case of H2 and CH4 higher value of [M] / [NO] was needed.
3) The important role of HO2 radicals in oxidation of NO to NO2 was recognized, from the kinetic model calculation including 22 species and 70 elementary reactions.View full abstractDownload PDF (927K) -
Shigeru MORIKAWA, Kazumasa TAKAHASHI, Hideto YOSHIDA, Satoru KURITA1982 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 338-345
Published: May 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of the range of mean pore radius, pore volume and surface area over V2O5-CaO-Al2O3 catalysts for NO reduction with NH3 has been studied using a conventional flow reactor in the temperature range from 250 to 450°C under atmospheric pressure. Inlet gas concentration was 150ppm NO, 150ppm NH3, 3% O2, 1, 000 ppm SO2, 7.5% H2O (N2 balance) and the space velocity was 15, 000h-1. The activities of the catalysts depend on a pore size, in particular, V2O5-CaO-Al2O3 catalyst with peaks at 60-70 and 700Å revealed high NO reduction efficiencies in the temperature range from 250 to 450°C, furthermore, the catalytic activity did not change for 1, 000h at 350°C in the presence of SOx and H2O.View full abstractDownload PDF (863K) -
Katsuji ISHIBASHI, Rikio KOBAYASHI, Yoshio NODA1982 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 346-351
Published: May 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis investigation is concerned with developing a process to produce activated carbon from polyvinyl alcohol.
The carbonization yield of polyvinyl alcohol was 4-9 weight percent.
In order to increase the carbonization yield various kind of additives were tested. Among them concentrated sulfuric acid was found to be most effective to increase carbonization yield.
Polyvinyl alcohol pretreated with concentrated sulfuric acid at 170°C was activated with steam under fluidized conditions at 850°C for 150 min . The activated carbon yield was 21-23 weight percent and its properties were as follows: methylene blue adsorbability; 300-400mg/g, internal surface area; 1, 400-1, 700mg/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (581K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|