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Volume 68, Issue 2
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 95
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (195K) -
Koichi OITA1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 96-106
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRemote sensing technology has been used for surface geological survey since early 1900s. In the beginning, people investigated land morphology from fly-ing balloon. Two times of world war accelerated to develop new technology of aero-photogrammetry and instruments from which geological interpretation could be made. Later by 1960s, SLAR and SAR radar systems have been designed for 24 hour use without weather condition.
Development of digital processing could facilitate to make composite images in 1970s.
TM, SPOT and MSS have been developed for advanced purposes. Now it is possible to make geological maps in the scale of 1: 50, 000 by using these new technologies.
Remote sensing has been constantly applied to petroleum exploration through the time with developments of sensing tools. It is still a very effective tool in the early exploration stage for a quick interpretation of geology of regional area, although there are limitations for extracting characters and for the usage of applications.View full abstractDownload PDF (1450K) -
Akinaga KUMAKAWA1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 107-118
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe studies on slush hydrogen are reviewed. Slush hydrogen is an atractive fuel candidate for future launch vehicles, space planes and liquified air cycle engines. It is denser than normal liquid hydrogen and triple point liquid hydrogen. The heat sink capability of slush hydrogen is superior to any other fuels including liquid hydrogen, liquid methane and endothermic fuel like methylcyclohexane.
The preparation methods, transfer characteristics, heat transfer characteristics and instrumentation of slush hydrogen are summarized. The freeze-thaw method is the best one for practical application. Heat transfer characteristics and density measurement are still subjects to be resolved.
The advantages using slush hydrogen are compared with other fuels for a launch vehicle, a Mars mission vehicle, a space tanker.
Finally, the potential of liquid fuelmetal slurry and endothermic hydrocarbon fuels for future aerospace vehicles is revealed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1350K) -
Hiroshi KAWAGOSHI, Akira KATO, Noriko WATANABE, Hisao YAMASHITA, Shimp ...1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 119-123
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe partial oxidation of propane was carried out over the transition metal Oxide catalysts supported on the lanthanum β-alumina. The Conversion of C3H8 was nearly 100% over the Ni, Co-lanthanum β-alumina catalysts at the condition of 33% air to the stoichometry in the complete combustion of C3H8.
The composition of the product gas, which mainly contained H2 and CO reached almost equilibrium values at the out let temperature, and the formation of coke deposition was negligible small. It was found that the cracking and dehydrogenation proceeded over the Pt, Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu catalysts, which resulted in the formation of CH4, C2H6, C2H4, C3H6.View full abstractDownload PDF (595K) -
Osamu OKADA, Masamichi IPPONMATSU, Masataka MASUDA, Hiromi SADAMORI, S ...1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 124-129
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of sulfur poisoning on low temperature steam reforming reaction using a Ru/Al2O3 catalyst was investigated using nhexane containing a low concentration of sulfur as the raw material.
In addition, catalysts having different contents of sulfur were prepared by H2S adsorption. Using them, carbon deposition during low temperature steam reforming of naphtha was examined.
The behavior of carbon deposition was then compared to a case without sulfur poisoning.
As a result, it was found that sulfur poisoning not only seriously reduces the activity of catalysts, but also promotes carbon deposition. Without sulfur poisoning, carbon accumulation on catalysts does not occur during low temperature steam reforming of naphtha.View full abstractDownload PDF (723K) -
Tohru SEMA, Mikio SATO1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 130-137
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethanol use is receiving attention as a method to lower pollutants during of fuel oil combustion in thermal power generation plants. In this study, combustion tests of methanol and fuel oil mixed fuel, was conducted by using a combustion test furnace (standard fuel feed rate was 50l·h-1) which has combustion characteristic similar to thermal power plant boilers. Fuel oils tested in mixtures with methanol were C heavy oil, Minas crude oil, kerosene and naphtha, a static mixer with minimal pressure loss as used.
The main results are as follows.
(1) The use of the static mixer did not affect flame temperature and flue gas properties.
(2) It was difficult to predict NOx emission concentration of mixed fuels from flame temperature and NOx emission of each pure fuel oils. For combustion of the 85% C heavy oil mixture, NOx emission reached a maximum value 1.5 times that for pure C heavy oil combustion. NOx emission of fuel oil mixture was almost same as for pure C heavy oil when mixing rate was 50%.
(3) When flue gas was recirculated with combustion air, NOx emission decreased with increasing flue gas recirculation rate. This trend was the same as for pure fuel oil combustion.View full abstractDownload PDF (905K) -
Kunihiko NISHIOKA, Keizou INOUE, Kiyoshi MIURA1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 138-145
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the influence of carbonization temperature on coke qualities and oven operations, change of coke properties during calcination (500-1000°C) was investigated. The sample cokes were carbonized by a special electric test coke oven in which a heating wall is set on the upper side. Further coke productivity and coke qualities in the case of medium temperature carbonization were estimated by a mathematical model for carbonization.
The following findings were obtained.
(1) With the increase of carbonization temperature, microstrength of coke increases, while crystallite size of carbon does not increase untill 800°C. These phenomena are presumed to be attributed to the fact that three dimensional accumlation of crystallite precedes the growth of its size.
(2) It is estimated by the model that the coke strength is sufficient in the medium temperature carbonization, although coke reactivity is slightly insufficient.View full abstractDownload PDF (945K) -
Tomio OYANAGI, Seiji MATSUMOTO1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 146-152
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to use wood residue fuels for external combustion engine. An air-blown downdraft gasification combustion of wood pellets was carried out to avoid the several troubles caused by ashes. Gasification combustion to use in engine must be a high intensity and clean exhaust. A high intensity combustion can be achieved by making good use of the sensible heat of the produced gases. Experiments shows that the air ratio of gasification is in the range of 0.4-0.6 to perform high intensity combustion.
In gasifier, if the operating temperature of the gasification reaction be over 900°C, ashes are melted and formed clinkers. The formation of the clinker may also be caused by the accumulation of the large quantities of chars on the grate. Promotion of char-gas reaction gives less char formation and a high intensity combustion. NOx emission depends on the oxygen concentration and the temperature in the combustor. Low NOx emission can be achieved by increasing the gasification temperature in gasifier and the quantity of heat exchange in combustor.View full abstractDownload PDF (1001K) -
Akihiro YAMASAKI, Hidetoshi MITSUI, Hakuai INOUE, Atsushi INABA, Yoshi ...1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 153-157
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCoal liquid was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide at 308 and 328K under the pressure of 6-20MPa. And the effect of diethylene glycol (DEG) as an entrainer on supercritical fluid extraction for coal liquid was examined.
From the experimental results in which DEG was not added, it was suggested that solubility of coal liquid to supercritical carbon dioxide was normalized by density of carbon dioxide. Solubility of normal-paraffin was larger than that of aromatic compound as long as both compounds having similar boiling points were compared each other. But, as the difference of these solubilities was not so much large, the selectivity of normal-paraffins to aromatic compounds was small.
When DEG was used, solubilities of polar molecules such as cresol and phenol decreased to 1/3-1/10 times as much as solubilities obtained without DEG. On the other hand, solubilities of non-polar compounds were enhanced. As the enhancement factors of normal-paraffines were larger than those of non-polar aromatic compounds, the selectivity of normal-paraffines to non-polar aromatic compounds were improved by DEG as an entrainer as well as the selectivity of polar molecules.View full abstractDownload PDF (497K) -
[in Japanese]1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 158-167
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1281K) -
[in Japanese]1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 170
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (164K) -
[in Japanese]1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 171
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (168K) -
[in Japanese]1989 Volume 68 Issue 2 Pages 172
Published: February 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (172K)
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