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Volume 46, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Arimasa Baba1967 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: January 20, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Fuel Society of Japan, since its foundation about a half century ago, has played an predominant role in the fuel and energy world in this country. After the war, main fuel has shifted from coal to petroleum, and furthermore nuclear fuel and rocket fuel was introduced. As for the conversion system of the fuel energy, epoc-making system is being developed such as MHD power generation and fuel cells of high efficiency. On the other hand, the natural resources of coal, petroleum, and natural gas have become more and more important not only for fuel but chemical intermediates and industrial materials. With the recent remarkable progress in industry, consumption of fuel has been greatly increased, and further development of science and technology in these fields is also being anticipated. With the increase of processing and consumption of fuel, however, public industrial nuisances have been induced such as stack gas, motor emissions, etc., whose control should not be neglected even a day. In order to cope with such circumstances, in our fuel circles, the Fuel Society of Japan, keeping the spirit of its foundation, should act toward the welfare and furtherance of human being.View full abstractDownload PDF (1058K) -
Sigeru Tsutsumi1967 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 7-17
Published: January 20, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAcetylene which had so far been widly utilized in a number of synthetic methods was gradually replaced with ethylene as a starting material, including the synthesis of acetoaldehyde . It will be necessary not only to re-investigate the manufacture of ethylene but also to study the peculiar way of acetylene utilization in petrochemical phases. Metallic catalysts represented by Pd catalyst which were found in the wacker process are censidered to be more and more utilized in the petrochemical processes supported by the results of the fundamental research on their complex . As an initiation of the reaction, electrolysis, photochemical reaction as well as the application of radiation will be actively used. Applications of metallic carbonyl to the petrochemical reactions are being actively made, which is anticipated to introduce many fruitful practical samples.View full abstractDownload PDF (1172K) -
Hidemasa Honda, Hideo Kimura1967 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 18-33
Published: January 20, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe petrographical constituents, the physical and the chemical properties of Japanese coal are different from those of foreign coals. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the all round knowledge as to the characteristics of Japanese coal.
At present, the research on coal science in this country tends toward the fundamental research by using the all kinds of analytical method, such as N. M. R.-, E. S. R.-, Infrared- and Mass-spectrometer etc., and the applied fundamental research manufacturing the humic acids, tar enamels, briquette coke for blast furnace use, smokeless fuel, activated carbon and artificial graphite etc. from Japanese coal only.
Particularly, it is expected to clarify the characteristics of Japanese coal as follows:
1) physical and chemical structures of coal
2) construction of critical points recognized at carbon content 85-90% (d . a. f.)
3) properties of heat treated coal in the early stage of carbonization
4) relation between aromatic H content and aliphatic H content in connection with coal rank
5) difference between Japanese coal and foreign coal
5) difference between Japanese coal and foreign coal
It is moreover requested to cultivate the new utilization technique fitted in the Japanese coal.
For instance, the research on physical and chemical properties of heat treated coal in the early stage of carbonization is now progressing in the cooperation of Resources Research Institute, Waseda University and Coal Mining Research Centre by using the same sample prepared carefully for this object.
On the other hand, the Division of Coal Scieace installed in the Fuel Society of Japan is now promoting the development of research on coal science, and held the 3rd conference of coal science for one of this purpose in Tokyo on Nov . 11-12, 1966.
The 4th conference of coal science will be held at Fukuoka and Kita-Kyushu city in this year.View full abstractDownload PDF (2422K) -
Akira Shimomura1967 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 34-37
Published: January 20, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe installation of the “Coke Division” in the Fuel Society dates back to 1952, but it was actually originated with the“Special Coke Meeting” held under the auspices of the late Mr. T. Kuroda in Yawata far back in 1934.
It has since developed into a solid organisation under the wise and enthusiastic guidance of Mr. Kuroda as a Chairman and the late Dr. Shimmura as a Secretary. It has now about 700 members, and is engaged in various activities for the betterment of the techniques and economics of the coking industry, in which the following are the most important:
Publication of “Coke Circular”, “Coke Series” and other statistical reports.
Regular holding of reserach meetings and technical visits.
The finance of this Division is mainly supported by 60 companies connected with the coking industry.
The present Chairman is Mr. T. Iyoku.View full abstractDownload PDF (489K) -
Kusuyata Tanaka1967 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 38-41
Published: January 20, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCombustion is a very complicated phenomenon and mostly shows heterogeneous reaction, and thus it leaves many problems difficult to be solved . For example, in the combustion of heavy fuel oil, how it is influenced by the atomization of oil, spray conditions from burners and the structure of burners is still be uncleared. Asthe analogy is not applicable to the combustion phenomenon, the scale-up is difficult, which retards the progress in combustion study . Fundamental problems such as ignition temperature, flame dispersion velocity, etc. are actively studied, however, the practical equipment has to be experimentally investigated . The author points out the current problems to proceed studies associated with combustion such as the rocket, large-capacity boiler industrial furnace, additives, etc.View full abstractDownload PDF (552K) -
Characteristics of Weathered AnthracitesGijiro Hosokawa1967 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 42-48
Published: January 20, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe ignition temperatures of anthracites rapidly decreases with weathering. From the chemical research, it is concluded that it is caused by the catalystic action of Fe-salts of humic acid, which exist with permeation and dispersion in the weathered anthracites.View full abstractDownload PDF (1040K) -
Mechanism of Natural WeatheringGijira Hosokawa1967 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 49-56
Published: January 20, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComparing the characteristics of naturally weathered anthracites with those of artificially oxidized one, the mechanism of natural weathering was assumed as follows:
1. As sampling position approaches to the surface exposure of seam outcrop, microcracks and microfissures of the sampled coal increase. Consequently, the total reactive surface area exposed to oxidation increases, and the coals get tobe liable to suffer weathering.
2. At the early stages of the weathering process, absorbed oxygen forms oxygen complex in the coal. When oxygen contents of the coal amount to 10 percent, the exisistence of -OH, =CO groups is recognized by the measurement of infrared spectra. When oxygen contents increase to about 15-17 percent, humic acid can be recognized qualitatively. On a further increase of oxygen contents about 24-27 percent, humic acid is formed in quantitative amounts.
3. In the weathering process of the anthracites, it shows the tendency of more rapid increase in oxygen contents and little removal of hydrogen. In artificial oxidizing process the change is similar to that in natural weathering process.
4. The values of layer diameter (La), lamellate diameter (La) and interlayer distance in the crystallite of weathered anthracites are nearly similar to those of unweathered anthracites. Therefore, it seems that the skeleton structure of the crystallites are scarecely subject to the effect of weathering.View full abstractDownload PDF (1306K) -
1967 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 61-64
Published: January 20, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (455K)
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