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Volume 55, Issue 5
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1976 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 283-284
Published: May 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
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Katsuhiko Masuda, Ikuo Minami, Masayasu Sakai1976 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 285-293
Published: May 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a result of study on the NOx formation choracteristics of pre-mixed flames, we have succeeded in developing new low NOx berners. These burners can be used for various kinds of chemical furnaces as gas and/or oil firing burners with a natural draft system.
According to the results of test of these burners in the semicommercialized scale test furnace, their NOx emissions were very small, being 30 ppm in propane or naphtha firing, 45 ppm in A heavy oil firing and 90 ppm in C heavy oil firing (of the time of combustion of 5% excess O2)View full abstractDownload PDF (992K) -
Yoshimi Ishihara1976 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 294-301
Published: May 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNitrogen oxides removal processes for stationary combustion gases are classified in dry processes and in wet processes.
The chemical reactions of the wet processes including the following methods are described in this paper.
(1) Absorption in water or in aqueous alkaline solutions
(2) Absorption in sulfuric acid
(3) Complex forming absorption
(4) Oxidation absorption
(5) Reduction in liquid phaseView full abstractDownload PDF (1044K) -
[in Japanese]1976 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 302-321
Published: May 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
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Ryoichi Yoshida, Yousuke Maekawa, Masataka Makabe, Gen Takeya1976 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 322-330
Published: May 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCoal asphaltene is an intermediate product in coal hydrogenolysis under high pressure as indicated in the following mechanism:
Coal→Oil (S1) →Asphaltene→Oil (S2)
In coal hydrogenolysis aimed at oil as its final product, it is important to elucidate the hydrogenolytic reactivity of asphaltene as well as raw coal. From this point of view the rate of hydrogenolysis of Hokkaido coal asphaltenes was determined, in addition to this, the change of chemical structure of Oil (S2) with the progress of hydrogenolysis of asphaltene was clarified and compared with the chemical structure of Oil (S1) formed directly from raw coal.
On the basis of the above results, the hydrogenolytic process of asphaltene was discussed in this report.
(1) The rate of hydrogenolysis of asphaltenes prepared from Taiheiyo coal and Oyubari coal was determined under the following experimental conditions reaction temperature: 400°C, initial hydrogen pressure: 100kg/cm2, and reaction time: 10-123min. The hydrogenolytic reaction of both asphaltenes can be expressed as a first order reaction with respect to the unreacted asphaltene. The rate constants determined showed a tendency to decrease with the increase of carbon content of asphaltene.
(2) Oil (S2) from Oyubari coal and Taiheiyo coal are both composed of 1 or 2 aromatic rings and 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the aliphatic chain on an average. The average molecular weight ranges from about 200 to 300. Oil (S2) has the structural characteristics of higher aromaticity fa and shorter aliphatic chain than that of Oil (S1).
(3) The chemical structure of Oil (S2) hardly showed any change with the progress of conversion of asphaltene. As one cause of this it was estimated that asphaltene has a comparatively uniform composition. Moreover, it was noted that the chemical structure of Oil (S2) prepared from different raw coals is similar. As to the cause it was surmised that parts of comparatively stable structure remain in unchanged form in Oil (S2), because Oil (S2) is subjected twice to high pressure hydrogenolysis (i. e. coal→asphaltene, and asphaltene→Oil (S2.)View full abstractDownload PDF (1028K) -
Pyrolysis of Polyethylene and Polypropylene with Twin Screw PyrolyzerOsamu Inomata, Hiroshi Ando, Toshiji Abe, Sadao Matsuzawa, Yukio Shimi ...1976 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 331-342
Published: May 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe studies on the pyrolysis of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and waste PE, PP with the continuous pyrolysis apparatus equipped with the 90 and 20mm pitch twin screw were carried out.
There plastics were pyrolyzed to the hydrocarbon mixtures with a wide range of carbon number, under the reaction Condition which temperature and the feed rate of materials and the rotation rate of twin screw were 500-600°C, 1-5kg/hr, and 3-30rpm, respectively.
The pyrolysis of PE, PP and these wastes were resembled each other in respect of the pyrolysis products. In any case, the component and the yield of product were greatly influenced by the temperature, but the rotation rate of twin screw and the feed rate of material did not have a pronounced effect on the yield of low molecular weight products.
The gaseous products were obtained in 10-80wt% yields, which increases with greatly increasing the temperature, and they were contained 60-80 wt% olefins, and had high calorific value from 15, 000 to 20, 000 kcal/Nm3.
The fractions distlling under 200°C were obtained in 10-40wt% yields. The contents of olefins, aromatics and paraffins in these fractions were 50-90wt%, 2-40wt%, and 5-30wt%, respectively. The contents of paraffins in the fractions decrased appro-ximately in propotion to increase in the temperature. In most cases, these fractions contained a large quantity of olefins and not fitted to fuel.
The residue distilling at above 200°C were composed of hevay oils and waxes, having 200-350 of mean number molecular weight.View full abstractDownload PDF (1733K) -
[in Japanese]1976 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 343-348
Published: May 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (752K)
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