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Volume 69, Issue 10
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 895
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1402K) -
Yoshitaka NITTA1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 896-904
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper proposes a counter measure project against acid rain in China.
Eighty four coal fired electric power plants are planned to be constructed by early coming century in China. Since they depend almost eighty percent on coal in the primary energy, they are supposed to emit enough amount of SOx to make acid rain not only in China but also in Japan.
This paper proposes that the combination of coal-cleaning at mining sites and addition-of-limestone would be effective to reduce SO2 emission. Residual materials from the coal-cleaning would possibly be utilized in desert cultivation because addition of flyash to the desert soil would raise water moisture content.View full abstractDownload PDF (1207K) -
Yoshito ISONO1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 905-914
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe possibility of obtaining artificial rain falls on and area by the man-made mountain range with a huge air-supported membrane structure is discussed.
The arid area selected as a ideal geographical model is Saudi Arabia and various aspects of climate condition of the area are considerd.
The man-made mountain range proposed is held by continuously supplied air by many blowers. The minimum size of the structure will be 10km long, 1.2km width and 600m high.
The membrane material of the structure will be TEFLON coated glass fiber fabrics. And cable reignforcements at certain intervals are also recommended.
As a conclusion, the idea has high capability in realization of rain falls but more detailed research is required for the location of site, etc.View full abstractDownload PDF (2714K) -
Takao MIYAMOTO1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 915-923
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEnvironmental degradation is a problem affecting the entire earth today. Among the most serious is desertification, now found in many places of the world, the solution of which is urgently required not only for ourselves but also for the future generations. In Sudan-Sahelian zone, where the desertification problem is most serious, the rate of population growth is as high as 2 percent a year. Some measures must urgently be taken to preserve the living environment for those people. Thus the need for technologies for development of the desert land will grow in the near future. This study examunes the present situation of desertification of, and approaches to, the development of the desert environment.View full abstractDownload PDF (3254K) -
Mikio KINOSHITA1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 924-930
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSArtificial stimulation of rain in the subtropical arid area by the artificially modified mesoscale solar thermal energy release to the atmosphere is discussed. For the effective stimulation of cumulus convection in which a cumulus or cumulonimbus with rain drops is considerd to grow, it is important to supply sufficient thermal energy and water vapour within the period of growing stage of cumulus convection. The use of accumulated solar thermal energy is proposed for this purpose.View full abstractDownload PDF (1049K) -
[in Japanese]1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 930
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (127K) -
Shigeki FURUKAWA, Yohichi SUZUKI1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 931-939
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS“Chromium oxide catalysts” consisting of Cr, O and C were pre-pared from the addition compounds that were easily formed with CrO3 and phenols in aqueous solution. The catalytic activities of various chromium oxides were examined for the direct liquefaction of Yubari coal. The rate constants obtained from these reactions showed two different values with reaction time. At reaction time between O and 2 hours, it was 8.9×10-3min-1 which showed a value five times larger than that for parent coal. Main products were benzene solubles (BS) and hexane solubles (HS). At reaction time of 2h and above, it was 8.5×10-4min-1 and remarkably depressed. These results showed that the hydrocracking of coal largely ceased in the initial stage. But main product, HS increased with time. Therefore, hydrogenation of BS would occur after 2h. Conversion was only 40% of coal without catalyst. However, 90% conversion was achieved with catalysts of 12wt%. Thus, it is consi-dered that the catalytic activities depend on both relative ratio of constituent atoms and structure of chromium oxide.View full abstractDownload PDF (1172K) -
Hydrocracking Mechanism of PhenanthreneToshiaki KABE, Kiminori SAWAHIRAKI, Shinichi WATANABE, Yuko IMAI, Kyok ...1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 940-945
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to determine the mechanism of hydrocracking of coal li-quids, the middle distillate of Wandoan coal-liquid was hydrocracked under initial hydrogen pressure of 5.9MPa, in the presence and absence of zeolite or Ni-Mo-Al2O3. Mainly, hydrocracking reactions of 3 rings aromatics, phenanthrene, were examined by gas chromatography and 14C tracer method.
In hydrocracking of phenanthrene, the aromatic ring was hydrogenated consecu-tively in the presence of zeolite or Ni-Mo-Al2O3. From the assumption of the reaction mechanism of hydrocracking and dehydrogenation, the rate constant of the production of phenanthrene was determined. The rate constant of the dehydrogenation of phe-nanthrene was about two times as large as that of the hydrogenation.
The effect of reaction temperature in the presence of Ni-Mo supported zeolite or H-ZSM 5 suggested that hydrogenation ability was attributed to Ni and Mo supported on zeolite. The product yield of 9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene was maximum under the experimental condition of reaction time for 120min. at 400°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (667K) -
Seishiro FUKUTANI, Toshiyuki SASAKI, Hiroshi JINNO1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 946-951
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBurning velocity of spherically propagating methane-air premixed flames was measured by a shadow-graph method under an isobaric condition; the flames were investigated in the vicinity of the lean flammability limits and at various initial temperatures ranging from room temperature and about 300°C. The obtained conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) the flames containing less than 4.18 % in fuel at room temperature and 3.87 % at 275°C, for example, could not expand up to 80mm in diameter; (2) an empirical formula was derived for the relation of the burn ing velocity with the methane concentration and the initial temperature; (3) the para-meters involved in the formula were analyzed from the chemical point of view, and the analyses derived a critical temperature below which the flames cannot propagate be-cause of insufficient production of oxygen atoms which are indispensable for the methane combustion reactions proceeding sequentially.View full abstractDownload PDF (699K) -
Mikio SATO, Toshihiko NAKATA, Kouji YAMAUTI1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 952-959
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCoal gaseous fuels contain NH3 which will be converted to NOx in the gas turbine combustion process, if gas cleaning system is a hot type. Main com-bustible gas components of the coal gaseous fuel are CO and H2, moreover a small amount of CH4 will be contained. Hydrocarbon such as CH4 has the effect on NOx formation from fuel nitrogen such as NH3.
In this study, combustion tests were conducted by using a laboratory scale com-bustor for the study of the influence of the coal gaseous fuel properties on NOx emis-sion characteristics.
Main results are as follows;
(1) NH3 conversion to NOx increases with increasing CH4 concentration in coal gaseous low BTU fuel.
(2) If coal gaseous fuel containes CH4, there will be some specific equivalence ratio in the primary combustion zone for the minimum NH3 conversion to NOx.
(3) Its specific equivalence ratio in the primary combustion zone increases with de-creasing CH4 concentration in coal gaseous fuel.View full abstractDownload PDF (1034K) -
[in Japanese]1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 960-968
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1975K) -
[in Japanese]1990 Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 971
Published: October 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (139K)
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