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Volume 68, Issue 11
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[in Japanese]1989 Volume 68 Issue 11 Pages 933
Published: November 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (158K) -
Senichi MASUDA1989 Volume 68 Issue 11 Pages 934-939
Published: November 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are two different categolies in Plasma Chemical Process: one using electron energy in Non-Equilibrium plasma to produce radicals and other chemically active species, and other using extremely high temperature thermal energy possible to generate by electrical discharges. The former one “Non-Equilibrium Plasma Chemistry”is widely in use in semiconductor processing in a form of “High-Frequency Low-Pressure Plasma Processing”, as well as “Pulse Corona Plasma Chemical Processing (PPCP) ”and “Surface Discharge Plasma Chemical Process (SPCP) ”. Discussions are made on the basic nature of the non-equilibrium plasma as a whole, and on PPCP and SPCP which enabled use of this process under ordinally pressure range.View full abstractDownload PDF (892K) -
Noboru ARAI1989 Volume 68 Issue 11 Pages 940-949
Published: November 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn uranium enrichment by lasers in which the isotope shift, a very small difference of light absorbing frequency between isotopes is utilized, uranium 235 is excited selectively by lasers and separated from uranium 238. Therefore, the separation ef-ficiency is to be very high basically.
Two kinds of technique using uranium atom and UF6 molecular have been in-vestigated and are called AVLIS (Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Separation) and MLIS (Molecular Laser Isotope Separation), respectively. This paper explains briefly their principles, element devices and the status of the investigation into laser uranium enrichment in foreign countries and Japan.
Development of the element devices by LASER-J is also mentioned.In the develop-ment of the laser system which is composed of copper vapor lasers and dye lasers, and the separation system of crucible, linear electron beam gun, uranium collectors and so on, the targets for a small pilot plant of LASER-J have been attained on the output power of lasers and electron beam gun, materials etc. These components will be further improved on the durability and the efficiency, and applied to the small pilot plant which aimes to achieve about 1tSWU/year capability with four wave three stage separation scheme.View full abstractDownload PDF (1141K) -
Chobei YAMABE, Kenji HORII1989 Volume 68 Issue 11 Pages 950-960
Published: November 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDirect energy conversion from laser energy to electric energy by using laser beam is reported here. This conversion is useful for the power transmission by laser beam from space to the earth. Both electrostatic and magnetic separations of ions and electrons are used and their basic characteristics are introduced.View full abstractDownload PDF (1155K) -
Present Status and Future Aspect of Fast Breeder Reactor DevelopmentYoshiaki MATSUNO, Hirotaka YOSHIMI1989 Volume 68 Issue 11 Pages 961-974
Published: November 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently the promoters and the critics argue vehemently the use of nuclear energy for electricity generation. Also groups of local residents are active in anti-nuclear campaigns in various forms. Without doubt the unfortunate accidents of Three Mile Island Unit 2 in 1979 and of Chernobyl Unit 4 in 1986 led to the anti-nuclear movements.
However, Japan is poor in natural resources and imports the bulk of her primary energies from abroad, and hence she is inherently susceptible to the instability of energy supply, as experienced in the first and the second oil crises.
Safe use of nuclear energy can bring about a solution to this instability in the near term. In the longer term the establishment of the fuel cycle covering the use of plutonium will secure Japan a quasi-indigenous source of energy. It is true that nuclear energy alone will not solve all the energy problems but it will be the key in the foreseeable future. Thus securing safety is of the utmost importance to nuclear energy.
This paper reviews briefly the light water reactors in Japan, which are now naturalized and produce about 30% of Japanese electricity generation, and then the paper summarizes the future of fast breeder reactors now under development as the major element in the Japanese nuclear fuel cycle.View full abstractDownload PDF (1829K) -
Akio KITSUNEZAKI1989 Volume 68 Issue 11 Pages 975-985
Published: November 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNuclear fusion became popular by the cold fusion fever since last March. The whole aspect of the traditional 'hot' fusion research is outlined in this article because the hope of a easy, cheap fusion power has faded away, unfortunately. The first part describes the principle and basic merits of fusion power. One of the points is that there is almost no possibility of radioactive materials being scattered to the environment even though the fusion reactor has a non-negligible amount of radioactives, because the fusion reaction can be stopped simply by cutting the fuel gas supply. Fusion reactor is a very safe system.
Fusion reactor will hopefully be utilized in the first half of the next century.It can provide energy to mankind for more than hundreds of million years. And the research of the fusion reactor gives motivation to the development of many high technologies.
Particularly for Japan, fusion reactor is just fit to our situation, and moreover, considering the economic situation in the world, we have to use our resources for the development of new energy sources and contribute to the future of all of the mankind on the globe.View full abstractDownload PDF (1796K) -
Masayoshi MASUDA1989 Volume 68 Issue 11 Pages 986-992
Published: November 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntimatter possesses a highly condensed energy and the mass is completely converted to the energy by an annihilation reaction with matter. It has been considered as a science fiction that the space mission using such great amount of energy to other stars within the working lifetime of the crew.
The p-p annihilation engine has been studied mainly in Europe and U.S.A.
The reactor size is not so different from the main engine of Space-shuttle. At the present moment the antiproton is produced with use of a huge accelerator. In future, however, the optimization of production facilities enables the economical use of antiproton for a space vehicle. Nevertheless only a milligram of antiproton has energy of several-ten times as much as the conventional fuel.View full abstractDownload PDF (852K) -
Akio MORO1989 Volume 68 Issue 11 Pages 993-1002
Published: November 20, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe advent of the space age with its ever-increasing demands for placing hevier payloads into orbit has led to an increased interest in the high energy, high density propellants. The need for high-performance propulsion system to transfer payloads into highenergy trajectory has renewed interest in the addition of metals to traditional liquid propellants. The focus of past efforts with metalized propellants was the maximization of specific impulse to achieve payload advantages. However, the importance of the mass fraction in achiving payload gains has placed new emphasis on the potential of high-density metals as additives to liquid propellants. The areas which need to be addressed initially are the development of a storage, transport, and injection system for the metal ; ignition and combustion of the metal; cooling; and overall assesements of the performanced of the metarized propellant systems. One of the important technologies that should be considered for advanced vehicles is high-density hydrocarbon rocket propulsion. The desirable features for such hydrocarbon fuels are high specific impulse, high density and low cost. The results of the advanced hydrocarbon fuels analysis indicate that high energy pure compounds can be synthesized either modifying existing compounds to include high energy groups or by designing new, highly strained molecules. However, costs for such new fuels would be prohibitively high for the curent state.View full abstractDownload PDF (1151K)
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