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Volume 61, Issue 1
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[in Japanese]1982 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 1
Published: January 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (220K) -
Ryoichi YOSHIDA1982 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 2-15
Published: January 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAsphaltene is an intermediate product in coal hydroliquefaction. The properties of asphaltene exert a considerable influence on the various aspects of the primary coal hydroliquefaction products and on the reactivity of the primary product in further processing. In Part I the definition of asphaltene and methods for its separation were reviewed. In Part II the chemical structure of asphaltenes derived from various coals are reviewed from the results of ultimate analysis, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, vapor pressure osmometry, gel permeation chromatography and mass spectroscopy. In the final part, the reactivity of asphaltene will be reviewed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1516K) -
Ikuho YAMADA, Masatoshi SAWADA, Shigekatsu MORI1982 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 16-26
Published: January 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe coal liquefaction is one of the most promising process to supply substituted energy of petroleum to us in the near future. Currently many synthetic fuel oil processes, therefore, are being developed in U.S., United Kingdom (U.K.), Federal Republic of Germany, Australia and Japan.
The separation unit in the coal liquefaction process plays an important role for the separation of gas fraction including ;hydrogen, product oil, process solvent and residue (unconverted coal and ash). The physical properties of coal liquid such as viscosity, enthalpy and vapor pressure are necessitated for designing effective separation unit including gas-liquid separator, distillation column and solid-liquid separator, reliable operation data on pilot plant or process developing unit.
In this review, the current separation units of the several developing processes, i. e., SRC-I, SRC-II, EDS and H-coal processes, are reviewed to clarify some barriers to overcome. Moreover, the estimation methods of the vapor pressure of coal liquid and the gas solubility are suggested.View full abstractDownload PDF (1184K) -
Study on Coal Oil Mixture (I)Kiyoshi SAITO, Norimichi KAWASHIMA, Kenjiro MEGURO, Hidemasa HONDA, Ay ...1982 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 27-33
Published: January 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTaiheiyo coal (32-60 mesh) containing 7.2 wt % (dry basis) of ash and 4.61 wt % of water, was wet ball-milled with aqueous solution of HC1 or NaOH. The precursor of COM was prepared in the flushing method or the oil agglomeration method, by which the coal particles were transferred directly from each aqueous slurry to petroleum. In these processes, most part of the mineral matter was removed from the coal particles and remained in the aqueous phase.
In the flushing method, ash content of the coal was decreased to 4.1 wt %. It was found that the flushing of the coal particles to oil phase depended on pH of aqueous phase, that is, the coal particles were transferred completely from the aqueous slurry to the petroleum in the range below pH 7, however the coal particles were not flushed at all in the range above pH 9.
In the oil agglomeration method, furthermore, ash content of the coal was decreased to 2.2wt%, and water content in the coal oil agglomerates (Coal: Oil=5: 3) became about 2.0wt%.View full abstractDownload PDF (1569K) -
Separation of Solid Residue from Solvolysis Pitch by FiltrationTsuyoshi SAKAKI, Seiji ARITA, Hitoo KAKIYAMA, Hidemasa HONDA1982 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 34-41
Published: January 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe applicability of filtration method to the separation of solid residue from solvolysis pitch has been investigated.
After extraction of solvolysis pitch with benzene or quinoline, the slurry containing solvent insolubles was filtered at a constant pressure at 60°C. The average specific resistivity and the compressibility of filter cake increased with an increase in reaction temperature because of the disintegration of coal particles by solvolysis reaction. The order of the cake resistivity was 1011-1012m/kg for solvolysis pitch from Miike coal and Khafji asphalt (1: 2) at 380°C for 30min. On the other hand, for solvolysis pitch at 400°C, the cake resistivity was 1013m/kg and the compressibility of the cake was 3.0, and in this case, it was found to be more difficult to separate solid residue by filtration. By the addition of coke powder to the slurry as a filter aid (body-feed), however, the compressibility of filter cake was lowered and filtration of the slurry became easy. From the slurry of solvolysis pitch obtained at a temperature above 420°C, the solid residue was easily removed by filtration because of the formation of hard carbonaceous mesophase on the surface of coal particles. The filtration rate of the slurry was about 0.2kg/sec·m2 at 60°C.
The direct filtration of solvolysis pitch at reduced pressure was carried out at a elevated temperature without solvent. In the case of Miike coal and Khafji asphalt, the filtration was possible in the range of 360°C to 410°C, and the filtrate containing ash less than 0.06wt% was obtained at the rate of 0.3-0.09kg/sec·m2.View full abstractDownload PDF (973K) -
Minoru MORITA, Mitsunori IKEZOE, Takao HASHIMOTO, Shimio SATO, Takeo I ...1982 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 42-51
Published: January 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCatalytic activities of various iron ores, hematite, limonite and magnetite, mixed with sulfur were examined in order to develop a disposable catalyst in direct liquefaction of coal. A catalytic mechanism of them was investigated with differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis.
The following results were obtained; (1) Most of them were as active as or more active than red mud mixed with sulfur, which has been regarded as the catalyst, even under relatively mild liquefaction conditions and liquefaction products under the influence of them were rich in middle and light oils. Thus they are expected to become one of the catalysts; (2) The catalytic mechanism in the presence of them, except for magnetite, was supposed to be similar to that of Fe2O3 mixed with sulfur.View full abstractDownload PDF (1240K) -
Hiroshi KITAGAWA, Nakaji YUKI1982 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 52-57
Published: January 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMolecular sieving carbons were prepared from coal. Pulverized coal char was granulated into spherical pellets of 1-2mm in diameter adding 9.1-16.7 wt% of sulfite pulp waste liquor. Spherical pellets were heat-treated in a stream of nitrogen at a temperature of 100-1000°C.
It was found that molecular sieving carbon heat treated at 300-400°C from Yallourn coal char has pores of 4. 3 A and exhibits excellent ability for the removal of oxygen from air. Oxygen can be removed below 0.1% by pressure swing adsorption.View full abstractDownload PDF (683K) -
Application of the CPC-Process to Commercial OvensYasuhiro YONE, Shozo MURAKAMI, Hiroaki YAMANAKA, Kazuhiro YOKOYAMA, Ha ...1982 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 58-65
Published: January 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the application of the CPC-Process to commercial ovens, the vertical cylindrical screen was scaled up and improved for wet coal screening. As the result of commercial oven tests, the findings disclosed in the previous report on fundamental research were confirmed and the following merits of the process were realized:
(1) improvement of coke strength; DI15015+1-2, CSR (coke strength after CO2 reaction) +1-4,
(2) reduction of yield of coke breeze; -2%,
(3) 10% of good American hard coking coal could be replaced with Australian soft coking coal,
(4) it was possible to use 5-10% non or poor caking coal in the coal charge.View full abstractDownload PDF (976K) -
Effect of the CPC-Process in the Pretreating Coal ChargeYoshiaki MIURA, Tokuji YAMAGUCHI, Tetsu NISHI1982 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 66-73
Published: January 20, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe CPC-process proposed previously, a technique for pretreating the coal charge of coke ovens, and the effect of combining the CPC-process with the briquette-blend coking process and the addition of caking additives were investigated in order to broaden the possible applications of the CPC-process. The investigation yielded the following results:
1) By applying the CPC-process, it was possible to improve the strength, DI15015, of coke even when a high-quality coal charge is used. The other processes cannot produce as great a relative improvement as the CPC-process.
2) An excellent composite effect can be expected by combining CPC-process with either of the other processes. Therefore, the CPC-process has been established as a fundamental prerequisite in techniques for pretreating the coal charge for coke ovens.
3) The CPC-process is a method which reinforces the structural strength of coke, and cannot be expected to improve the quality of coke carbon. Therefore, it is not reaso-nable to expect an improvement in strength after CO2 reaction through combining this process with other processes.View full abstractDownload PDF (950K)
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