All issues
Successor
Volume 56, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
[in Japanese]1977 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 285-286
Published: May 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (287K) -
Tatsuro Kawamura1977 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 287-301
Published: May 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this report the writer emphasized that LPG censuming circumstances in residential premices of Japan have been widely different in its source, heuseholds number, distribution and scale etc. from that in foreign countries, andso R & D for LPG Safety should be done with understanding these surrounding coditions theroughly.
These result in that the accidents related to LPG consumers, are induced by many various and complex reasons.
Also the writer stated seme examples of this R & D pursueing in his laboratory such as LPG odorization agent, the phenomena of unexpected extinguish of LPG burner flame and CO2 (CO) formation (oxygen depletion) sensitive shutoffsystem.View full abstractDownload PDF (1665K) -
Moriichi Kanamalu, Kenichiro Warisawa1977 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 302-318
Published: May 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObserving the proportioned, relations between GNP growth and the growth rate of energy consumption per person, we have leaned it necessary to get much more energy for the sake of keeping on the comfortable life in future.
It is, however, recognized that energy resources are not infinit, and many peapies wand to know the adequate answer to the question, “What is suggested by the dangerous signal of consuming up energy resources ?”
At the first this paper presents the problems related to the world trend of exploitation about oil and gas. Secondary, this deals the features of LNG and Liquified Chemical Fuel (LCF) that have been highlighted as clean energy resources recently.
Lately the necessity of developing rather small scale off-shore gas oil fields is discussed from national policy standpoint.View full abstractDownload PDF (1631K) -
Yoshio Kamiya1977 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 319-328
Published: May 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFundamental reactions in the solvent extraction of coal can be classified into the thermal decomposition of coal and the subsequent hydrogenation of formed fragments by hydrogen-donor solvent. The following items were reviewed from the theoretical point of view.
1. Elemental reactions of coal liquefaction in the presence of hydrogen-donor solvent.
2. Solvent effect on the homolytic decomposition reaction.
3. Role of hydrogen-donor solvent in coal liquefaction.
4. Effect of molecular hydrogen on coal liquefaction.
5. Acceralation effect of phenolic compounds on coal liquefaction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1178K) -
Yousuke Maekawa, Shigeru Ueda, Tadao Ishii, Gen Takeya1977 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 329-336
Published: May 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh pressure hydrogenolysis reaction was carried out on Sohya coal (Tempoku) and the various structural parameters of the reaction products were obtained. Based on a follow up of the changes accompanying the reaction, an analysis of hydrogenolytic reaction mechanism of Sohya coal and chemical structure characteristics were discussed and the following conclusions were led forth.
In the hydrogenolysis of Sohya coal under conditions of reaction temperature at 400°C and reaction pressure of 220kg/cm2, it was considered that an in parallel progress of saturation and decomposition of the aromatic condensed ring, cleavage of structural unit bond, dealkylation reaction was present. It was also recognized that the hydrogenolytic reactivity of Sohya coal was higher as compared with other Hokkaido coals. In addition in the present study in which vehicle oil is not used, at the initial stages of the reaction the progress of the reaction which directly produces oil from coal is seen and it is surmized that a successive decomposition reaction proceeds following the above, from coal→asphaltene→oil.
The mean number of aromatic condensed rings of the strucutral unit of the main portion of Sohya coal is 2 or thereabouts, and the hydrocarbon side chain is shorter compared with other Hokkaido coals with an average carbon number of 1.6 or thereabouts.View full abstractDownload PDF (805K) -
Tsugio Miyagawa, Mitsuo Saga, Hidetaro Tanihara1977 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 337-344
Published: May 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reactivity of coke is one of the important properties considered as criteria of coke quality. The purpose of this work is to examine the relative difference of coke textures in reactivity.
Some laboratory and metallurgical cokes before and after solution loss reaction were examined by quantitative analyses of anisotropic texture.
The result was that
(1) the isotropic texture from reactive maceral of low rank coal had the greatest reactivity and the reactivity decreased in the order of isotropic texture from reactive maceral, isotropic texture from inert maceral, fine mosaic texture, coarse mosaic texture and flow type texture and (2) the reactivity of coke texture from inert macerals as well as from reative macerals decreased with increasing in the coal rank.
It was supposed that the various types of optical anisotropy found in coke was related to the action of coke in blast furnace.View full abstractDownload PDF (990K) -
Hiroshi Sano, Tomizo Nakamura1977 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 345-350
Published: May 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFlame of H2 is almost colorless and hardly visible by eyes. A method was investigated to visualize the H2-flame by addition of a small amount of hydrocarbon gas, such as CH4, C3H8, C3H6, and C2H2.
The flame luminosity generally decreased both with increase of λ1 (premixed air/ fuel ratio) and H2 fraction in fuel gas, except for highly carbon-sooty flame.
In diffusion flame of H2, some hydrocarbons (C3H8, C3H6 and C2H2) were very effective to increase the luminosity by a factor of 102 with addition of 10 eq-% (equivalent fraction of hydrocarbon in fuel) and by a factor of 103 with 20 eq-%, respectively. CH4 was less effective that the luminosity increased only by a factor of 10 with addition of 50 eq-%.
In premixed flame of H2, the effect of hydrocarbon addition was not significant. However, C3H8, C3H6, and C2H2 could increase the luminosity by a factor of 3, -10 with addition of 20 ep-% of them. The addition of above 20 eq-% of hydrocarbon had no further effect on increasing the luminosity.View full abstractDownload PDF (726K) -
Yousuke Maekawa, Tadashi Yoshida, Yuji Yoshida, Mamoru Imanari1977 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 351-359
Published: May 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to study the chemical structure of coal, Yubari coal was subjected to the mild hydrogenolysis.
In the present paper the structural analysis of coal-derived liquids by carbon-13 NMR was attempted. The results obtained were as follows;
1) The accumulations of several thousands times or above were required to obtain a good signal/noise.
2) The pulse repetition time and the nuclear Overhauser effect were investigated to obtain the quantitative results. The former was set to approximately five times the T1 for the slowest relaxing carbon and the latter was quenched by a gated-decoupling technique with the nuclear Overhauser effect suppressed.
3) The T1 value of each peak in the spectrum was longer at lower field.
4) The assignment of each peak was made on the basis of the spectra of pure compounds.
5) Both aromaticity (fa) and the length of side chain (n), which were calculated by Brown-Ladner's method, were greater than those obtained by carbon-13 NMR. These results may be attributable to the greater values of x and y in Brown-Ladner's method and the ambiguous assignment of signal in carbon-13 NMR spectrum.
Further works will make it possible to evaluate the each structural parameter directly from the determination of each structural carbon assigned in carbon-13 NMR spectrum.View full abstractDownload PDF (828K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|