Gas chromatographic analysis in practical air pollution research was showed. Two methods of the low temperature trapping and the adsorption using a adsorbant were most important. About each method, sampling, concentration, G. C. analysis and examples of the results were described. In the former, sample air was introduced in 20l vaccum glass bottle, which evaccuated through a concentration tube filled with C-22 and cooled with liquid oxygen to -183°C, then trapped pollutants were transfered to G. C. sampling tube and analyzed by gas chromatograph.
This type was used to the total analysis of air sample. In the latter, sample air was carried to the adsorption tube filled with charcoal by 10l Mariotte bottle, then adsorbed pollutants were desorbed by heating to 350°C, transfered to G. C. sampling tube and were gas chromatographed. This type was suitable to the measurement of distribution or continuous change of the pollution from auto exhaust gas.

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After a research on lining materials in order to prevent low-temperature corrosion occuring while fuel is being burned in a boiler, Organic lining F50S and PbHomogen are now being practised at some power plants. Performance data on the field test of these lining materials and the results of laboratory test of other resins, acid-proof bricks and castable etc. are as follows.
1. On the field test, F50S lining has proved to be remarkably effective against corrosion for about two years, and Pb-Homogen has scarcely been eroded.
2. F50S lining and Pb-Homogen have shown their superior anti-corrosion for a long period at the laboratory test, too, and also acid-proof bricks lining has effective for anti corrosion. Therefore, we need to make further studies.
3. As to other resins and castable etc., no particular anti-corrosion effect has been found.

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Studies of the dependence of electron spin resonance on heat treatment temperature and the oxygen effect on electron spin resonance were carried out for coal carbons made from coals of various rank. The absorption line of coal carbons changes from Gaussian type to Lorentzian type, the peak-to-peak line width decreases and reaches to a minimum, and the spin center concentration increases and reaches a maximum, over the range from HTT about 300-400°C to HTT about 700°C. And the values of maximum spin center concentration of coal carbons are almost same order, though those of original coals increase with rank. The p ak-to-peak line width of coal carbons increases rapidly and the spin center concentration decreases rapidly over the range from HTT about 700°C to HTT about 900°C.The estimation of peak-to-peak line width or spin center concentration is difficult over the range from HTT about 900°C to HTT about 1, 200°C. The peak-to-peak line width of coal carbons is broad and the changes of peak-to-peak line width depend on the original coals above HTT about 1, 200°C. The second maximum of spin center concentration of coal carbons at HTT 1, 200-2, 000°C shifts to higher HTT with the increase of rank of original coals.
For coal carbons in air the absorption line changes from Gaussian type to Lorentzian type, the peak-to-peak line width is almost constant, and the spin center concentration increases to a maximum and decreases, over the range from HTT about 400°C to HTT about 700°C. The peak-to-peak line width increases rapidly and the spin center concentration decreases to a minimum over the range from HTT about 700°C to HTT about 1, 000°C. The peak-to-peak line width and the spin center concentration for coal carbons are strongly affected by oxygen in air over the range from HTT about 400°C to HTT about 1, 400°C.

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In a constitution analysis of coal, it is very important to obtain the true density of coal. As for Japanese coal, the density has been measured with water and methanol. Because of their comparatively high molecular weight and polarity, results can hardly be considered as representing the true density of coal. In this experiment, the true densities of Japanese coals are measured with helium and these results are compared with those obtained from foreign coals. Coal samples are chosen according to the coal rank which is based upon the carbon content of coal, from lignite to anthracite and so-called vitrain is employed after the separation by float or sink method.
In Japanese coals, the change in density with coal rank is summarized as follows. Tenpoku coal, (72. 7%C) which is the lowest in coal rank among the samples, has the density of 1. 348 and as coal rank increases, density decreases to reach a minimum value of 1. 267 shown by Miike Miyanoura coal (84. 5% C). However, a further increase in coal rank increases density and thus the density of Omine coal (93. 2% C) ammounts to 1. 470. The comparison of these data with those of foreign coals shows that in lower rank coal, the density of Japanese coal is generally smaller than that of foreign coal, but a fairly good agreement is observed for the coal with the carbon content above 86% C.
The variation of H/C with coal rank is nearly opposite to the change in density with coal rank, and by comparison with foreign coal, a high value of H/C is noted in the lower rank coal. Thus the difference of density between Japanese and foreign coal can be ascribed to the high hydrogen content of the lower rank Japanese coal . The reciprocal of density is plotted against the hydrogen content of coal and it is found that the points of Japanese coals and foreign coals lie on the same curve. In addition, according to van Krevelen's graphical densimetric method the aromatic carbon fraction (fa) is calculated from the measured density and the relation between fa and coal rank is obtained . Tenpoku coal having a lowest coal rank shows fa of 0. 77 and fa decreases with increasing coal rank. But as coal rank exceeds that of Akabira coal, fa shows a steep increase and in Ohmine coal fa reaches 0. 99. If results are compared with those of foreign coals, in the lower rank coal fa of Japanese coal is generally smaller than foreign coal . However by plotting fa agaist H/C, both are shown to lie on the same curve.
In conclusion, the density and fa of coal are greatly affected by its hydrogen content and the graphical plot of density and fa against coal rank shows a clear difference between Japanese and foreign coal. However if they are plotted against hydrogen content, a good agreement is attained. By making use of this relation, density and fa of coal can be determined approximately.

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he performance test results of the gasproducer made on the basis of these values and with a continuous coal charger, and using small lump and fine coal of 5, 000-6, 500kcal/kg heating value, show that these calculated values almost agree with the experimental values, and that the rate of and the efficiency (including the effect of tar) of the gasification are 400kg/m²hr and 90%, respectively. This producer is characterized by the equipment of clinker crashing-and-discharging and the method of gasifying agents supplying, that is, the gasifying agents are supplied with high velocity from surrounding wall tangentially.
The costs for 5, 000kW private power generation by the both cases which are the gasification combustion and one of the typical cases in this country using pulverized coal combustion, are estimated and their economical merits are compared with each other. It is shown that if the efficincy of combustion by gasification is 78% or more, and if the costs of 1t steam and it coal are ¥ 600-800 and ¥ 4, 500 or less, respectively, the former is more economical than the later. One of the estimation show that allowance of price of generation in both cases ¥ 0.424 per kWhr when the efficiency of the gasification is 73. 3% and the producer has a reserve of power for this value.

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