Kanzo

An epidemiological study of HBvirus markers in Korean people in Hyogo prefecture

Suryang KIM, Muguan RYANG, Changgyo So, Kyongbu KANG, Kwangjun KOH, Su ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1293-1298
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1293

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In view of the high mortality rates of liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer in the cause of deaths among the Koreans living in Japan, the prevalences of HBvirus markers and liver tests such as sGOT, s-GPT ZTT were studied in 1473 Korean subjects living in Hyogo Prefecture.
1. The frequency of HBsAg was 5.1% and it revealed high peak at the forties. The value was apparently highter than that of Japanese. The frequency of anti-HBs was 9.1% and it revealed the gradual elevation according to age. The value was not so different from that of Japanese.
2. Liver tests revealed abnormality in 15.6% of HBsAg carriers, in 5.4% of anti-HBs positives, and in 2.5% of in both HBsAg and anti-HBs negatives. HBsAg carriers revealed high frequency of liver tests abnormality than the other two groups.
3. All 74 HBsAg carriers except one showed positive anti-HBs and 82.4% of them had titers above 2¹⁰.
In the majority of the anti-HBs positives, anti-HBc titer was low and two had titers above 2¹⁰.
Anti-HBc was positive in 2.6% of them who were negative in both HBsAg and Anti-HBs, and only one had titers above 210.
4. The frequencies of HBeAg and anti-HBe in HBsAg carriers were 62% and 31% respectively. The value of anti-HBe revealed gradual elevation accordind to age. It may be happened seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe at latest in the thirties both in the males and females.

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Evaluation of interleukin 1 production of peripheral monocytes in cases with persistent hepatitis B virus infection

Masanobu KANAI

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1299-1306
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1299

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In order to evaluate the function of macrophages as an immunomodurator, the interleukin 1 (IL 1) production of peripheral monocytes was studied in cases with persistant hepatitis B virus infection.
The subjects in this study were nineteen healthy controls without HBV infection and thirtysix patients with persistent HBV infection; nine cases with asymptomatic HBV carrier (AsC), nine cases with chronic inactive hepatitis (CIH), eleven cases with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and seven cases with liver cirrhosis (LC).
The interleukin 1 production in AsC was significantly higher than those in control, CIH and CAH. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in IL 1 production between control, CIH, CAH and LC.
Furthermore, IL 1 production of peripheral monocytes was not correlated with histological findings of the liver, HBV related markers and liver function tests.
From these results, it is suggested that the activated function of macrophage in the IL 1 production may play a primary role in the pathogenesis of asymptomatic carrier state.

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Clinical significance of hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA) assay in sera of HBsAg carriers

Takeshi SODEYAMA, Kendo KIYOSAWA, Shuichi WADA, Makoto NAKAMURA, Hidet ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1307-1314
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1307

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In order to clarify its clinical significance, serum HBV-DNA was assayed by simplified spot hybridization method in 89 HBsAg carriers.
Serum HBV-DNA was positive in only 1 of 20 anti-HBe positive cases. Of 69 HBeAg positive cases, all of 16 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers (AsC) biopsy-proven to have no definite liver disease were positive for serum HBV-DNA, whereas in chronic liver diseases (CLD) serum HBVDNA could be detected in 39 of 53 cases (73.6%). The level of serum HBV-DNA was lower in CLD than in AsC.
According to the serial examinations of serum HBV-DNA in 14 HBsAg carriers, increasing of serum HBV-DNA was generally preceded by the elevation of serum transaminase and then the serum HBV-DNA became undetectable after seroconversion of HBeAg. One of 2 cases with persistently high levels of transaminase and anti-HBe, was positive for HBV-DNA. The levels of serum HBV-DNA were decreased by administration of interferon.
These results indicate that the serum HBV-DNA assay is important for evaluating the spectrum of HBV proliferation and its relation to the aspects of liver diseases in HBV infection.

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Diagnostic significance of elastic fibers in liver diseases

Ryuzo HORIUCHI, Toshikazu UCHIDA, Tsutomu KARASAWA, Toshio SHIKATA

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1315-1323
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1315

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The significance of elastic fibers in a diagnosis of liver specimens was studied. Elastic fibers Were easily stained by orcein or Victoria blue and were divided into two kinds: pre-existing, coarse ones, 1 to 2μ and newly-formed, delicate, and reticular ones, 0.2 to 0.7μ in thickness. By electron microscopy, the former was composed of several fibrils, 0.1 to 0.4μ and the latter 0.04 to 0, 15μ in thickness. While the pre-existing elastic fibers were confimed to portal tracts and thin rims surromding central and sublobular veins, the mewly-formed ones occurred in areas of hepatocellular necrosis. Occurrence of newly-formed elastic fibers took about one month at the area of collapse im fulminant hepatitis and 5 to 6 momths in acute heaptitis. The livers of chronic acitve hepatitis amd cirrhosis almost always had abundant newly-formed elastic fibers. There was a rough correlation betweem the duration of illness and the amount and thickness of newly-formed elastic fibers. Staining of elastic fibers may be valuable to differentiate between collapSe and fibrosis and to judge a rough aging of fibrosis.

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Increased production of Interleukin 1 by peripheral monocytes activated with biliary antigen immune complex in primary biliary cirrhosis

Toshiji SAIBARA, Masako MIYAZAKI, [in Japanese], Takashi MAEDA, Saburo ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1324-1329
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1324

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This study was to define the immunological role of increased circulating immune complex in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). We studied the production of Interleukin 1 (IL-1) by peripheral blood monocytes from 6 primary biliary cirrhosis patients. Results were compared with those obtained from 10 healthy volunteers. Monocytes from PBC patients, activated with human IgG immune complex, were found to yield increased amount of IL-1. And monocytes from PBC patients, activated with biliary antigen immune complex, were found to yield significantly increased amount of IL-1.
As macrophages around the destructed bile ducts may be stimulated with biliary antigen immune complex in vivo, our findings of increased production of IL-1 with the stimulation of immune complex may contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis.

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Study on the nuclear antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma cell

Kendo KIYOSAWA, Haruhiko IMAI, Takeshi SODEYAMA, Yukio GIBO, Shuichi W ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1330-1336
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1330

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Hepatoma cell specific nuclear antigen in 3 cell lines (PLC/PRF/5, Mahlavu, KIM-1) derived from human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and antibodies to them in sera of HCC patients were searched by anti-complement immunofluorecence. The specific nuclear antigen was found only in PLC/PRF/5 that contains HBV-DNA, and 2 HBsAg positive sera of HCC patients reacted with this nuclear antigen. This nuclear antigen is identical with hepatitis B nuclear antigen (HBNA) that had been reported. The other 2 cell lines that do not contain HBV-DNA had no nuclear antigen. HBNA is completely different from malignant tumor specific nuclear antigen and fetal or tissue specific antigens. HBNA is thought to be some important nuclear protein that could evoluve in process of oncogenecity of hepatitis B virus.

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Accumulation of anti-CEA monoclonal antibodies into human CEA-producing hepatoma grafted into unde mice

Yukifumi KONDO

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1337-1345
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1337

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Accumulation of ¹²⁵I-anti-CEA monoclonal antibodies 28A, 10A and 5B into the human CEAproducing hepatoma HC-4 grafted into unde mice was investigated by means of scintigraphy, macro-and microautoradiography. Percent radioactivity per gram of tumor, blood, liver and other organs was also measured.
¹²⁵I-28A and ¹²⁵I-10A antibodies satisfactory accumulated in the tumors. Scintigraphy and autoradiography clearly visualized them on the 7th day after administration.
Tumor to blood radioactivity ratio in the mice with 10A antibody was 5 times as much as compared with that of normal mouse IgG.
In tumor to liver radioactivity ratio, 10A antibody had the highest value and was 3.7 times as much as that of normal IgG.
It is considered that anti-CEA monoclonal antibody 10A is valuable for immunological research and clinical immunodetection of CEA-producing tumors.

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Ca²⁺ and calmodulin are involved in the mechanism of bile canalicular contraction of cultured hepatocytes

Sumio WATANABE, Akihisa MIYAZAKI, Toshihiko NAMIHISA, M.J Phillips

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1346-1350
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1346

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Sudden increase of intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration caused by microinjection with Ca²⁺ solution triggered bile canalicular contraction of freshly isolated monolayer cultures of rat hepatocytes. Unseparated paired hepatocytes (doublet cells) were used for the study. Pretreatment with calmodulin blocker, trifluoperazine (TFP), inhibited not only spontaneous bile canalicular contraction but also Ca²⁺ triggered bile canalicular contraction as a dose and time dependent manner. And also this inhibition with TFP pre-treatment was reversible. Hence, the mechanism of bile canalicular contraction has features in common with Ca²⁺-calmodulin based cytoplasmic motility behavior found in other non-muscle cells.

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Fecal bile acids in patients with hepatobiliary diseases, with a special reference to the effect of gallstone dissolution therapy

Hideaki KIKUCHI

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1351-1361
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1351

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In order to elucidate the metabolism of bile acids in the human intestine, analysis of fecal and biliary bile acids were performed in normal subjects, patients with gallstone and with liver cirrhosis.
Fecal bile acid composition in untreated patients with gallstone was similar to that in normal subjects. The administration of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) in patients with gallstone caused a significant increase in fecal excretion of lithocholic acid (LCA). In contrast, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) caused a marked increase in 7-ketolithocholic acid (7KLCA) and no chonge of LCA in feces. In cirrhosis, an increased proportion of UDCA, 7KLCA and sulfated bile acids and a decreased proportion of LCA and deocycholic acid in fecal bile acids were observed.
These results suggest that in the intestine, CDCA is degradated to LCA more rapidly and converted to 7 KLCA less easily than UDCA. Furthermore, in the intestine of patients with liver cirrhosis, the decrease of 7-dehydroxylation of bile acids, and the increase of 7-dehydrogenation and the presence of conversion of CDCA to UDCA are suggested.

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Treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

with esophageal varices

Kuniaki KOJIMA, Koichi OKUYAMA, Shinsuke OURA, Takashi HANZAWA, Eiichi ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1362-1371
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1362

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In six cases of HCC with risky esophageal varices, hepatic resections and blocking operations (Sugiura procedure) were performed for the treatment of HCC and esophageal varices. In a series of 12 cases of HCC with risky esophageal varices in whom hepatic resection were impossible, blocking operation for the treatment of varices and non-operative procedure such as TAE or arterial infusion for the treatment of HCC were performed with satisfactory results. In 11 cases with severe hepatic failure, endoscopic sclerotherapy has been used as the first choice of therapy. However 8 cases out of 11 rebled from esophageal varices in follow-up period after sclerotherapy. It is the best procedure for risky esophageal varices with HCC to perform both the blocking operation and hepatic resection. Endoscopic sclerotherapy should be done only for patients considered to be not for candidates for surgery or with remaining varices after blocking operations.

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Experimental portal fibrosis induced by intraportal injection of bacteria

Shujiro SUGITA, Kunihiko OHNISHI, Masaaki SAITO, Shinichi SATO, Kunio ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1372-1379
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1372

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The etiology of idiopathic portal hypertention (IPH) is not known. To obtain clues to the etiology, we attemped to make an experimental model of IPH by infusing the aggregates of nonpathologenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) and its dog antiserium via the portal vein in the dog from seven to ten times during two weeks.
S-GOT, GPT, ALP, WBC, RBC, Hb, Ht and portal vein pressure (PVP) measurement and wedged liver biopsy were carried out before treatment, 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months after the last infusion. Hepatic histology was evaluated for the presence and severity of cell infiltration and necrosis in the parenchyma cell infiltration and fibrosis in the portal area, and aberrant vessel in the portal area. These features were graded on a scale of 0 to 2. S-GOT, GPT, WBC, RBC, Hb, Ht values did not change significantly in either experimental group (E) or control group (C), but ALP was elevated on 1 weeks. (10.2±7.2 VS 4.0±1.6)
PVP was significantly elevated 3 months with treatment (122.0±5.4 VS 179.3±39, 7) compared to before treatment and C, but in 6 months PVP was decreased. (129.4±11.8 VS 138, 3±25.9)
In control, no remarkable Change in the liver histology was detected. In 3 months, cell infiltration and fibrosis in the portal area were seen in a grade of 0.374±0, 484, 0.50±0.50, in E, and 0.125±0, 117, 0 in C. But in 6 months, its grade decreased in a degree of 0.250±0.433, 0.125±0.331 in E, and 0.250±0.433, 0 in C. In 1, 3 and 6 months, aberraat vessel developed in a degree of 0.714±0.452, 0.50±0.50, 0.50±0.50 in E but none in C.
We could produce experimental portal fibrosis dogs with a hepatic lesion similar to that of IPH by repeated infusion of a mixture of killed nonpathogenic E. coli and its dog antiserium directly into the portal vein.
These changes closely mimic those seen in human IPH and it is suggested the antigens such as E. coli into the portal system after long term of bacterial infusion of the intestine may play a role in the development of IPH.

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Changes of the hepatic arteries in idiopathic Portal hypertension

Osamu NISHIDA, Fuminori MORIYASU, Takefumi NAKAMURA, Nobuyuki BAN, Ken ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1380-1385
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1380

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The diameters of the splenic, proper hepatic, right heaptic and left hepatic arteries were measured using celiac and superior mesenteric angiographies of 74 patients.
In the patients with liver cirrhosis, the diameters of the splenic, proper hepatic, right hepatic and left hepatic arteries were greater than those in normal controls by a statistical significant amount. In the patients with idiopathic portal hypertension, the splenic artery was wider, and the right and left hepatic arteries were narrower than in normal controls by a statistically significant amount. The proper hepatic, right hepatic and left hepatic arteries were narrower in the patients with idiopathic portal hypertension than those in liver cirrhosis, again by statistically significant amounts.
The portal venous blood flow was greater in the patients with idiopathic portal hypertension than in those with liver cirrhosis. There was a negative correlation between the total of the diameters of right hepatic and left hepatic arteries and the portal venous blood flow.
At the end of this report, we shall discuss a patient with idiopathic portal hypertension but with large hepatic arteries, and discuss the reasons for the general narrowing of hepatic arteries in patients with idiopathic portal hypertension.

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Superior mesenteric venous blood flow and portal hemodynamics in various liver diseases

Nobuyuki BAN, Fuminori MORIYASU, Takefumi NAKAMURA, Osamu NISHIDA, Ken ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1386-1392
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1386

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Blood flow volume of the portal vein, splenic vein, and superior mesenteric vein was measured quantitatively using an ultrasonic Doppler duplex system in 110 healthy adults, 41 patients with chronic active hepatitis, 65 with liver cirrhosis and 13 with idiopathic portal hypertention.
Portal blood flow was 15.5±5.0ml/min/kg in healthy adults, 14.3±5.0ml/min/kg in patients with chronic active hepatitis, 15.0±7, 4ml/min/kg in patients with liver cirrhosis and 22.8±9.3ml/min/kg in patients with idiopathic portal hypertension. In the portal blood flow there was no significant difference between healthy adults and patients with liver cirrhosis.
In cirrhotic patients there was negative correlation between splenic venous blood flow and superior mesenteric venous blood flow, and consequently the portal blood flow was relatively well maintained. But in patients with idiopathic portal hypertension there was no correlation between splenic venous blood flow and superior mesenteric venous blood flow, and the portal blood flow was greater than in healthy adults.

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Liver pathology in muco-cutaneous lymph-node syndrome

Hiromichi OGAWA

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1393-1399
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1393

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A histopathological study was perfornied to clarify the hepatic lesions in MCLS on liver specimens from 25 patients.
In the liver of MCLS, a systemic vascular disease, characteristic vasculitis (panarteritis with extensive necrosis of the liver, phlebitis, thromboarteritis with infarct, thrombophlebitis and intimal proliferative occlusive arteritis) was observed in 3 infants less than one year of age, in which the duration of illness was mostly brief. Inflammation of the portal tracts found in 28% was a relatively characteristic feature of MCLS. Intralobular changes such as cell infiltrations, mild focal necrosis, etc. seemed to be nonspecific.
Congestion (76%) and fatty degeneration of liver cells (68%) were thought to be secondary to the cardiac lesions and the latter was supposed to be influenced also by steroid treatment.

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Acute hepatitis A superimposed on liver cirrhosis

A report of four cases

Ryukichi KUMASHIRO, Michio SATA, Hiroshi SETOYAMA, Naoto MARUYAMA, Kaz ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1400-1406
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1400

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Four cases with acute hepatitis A superimposed on liver cirrhosis were reported. Hepatitis A was diagnosed by elevation of IgM-antiHAV and liver cirrhosis was confirmed by laparoscopy. The clinical course was prolonged and symptomes became so serious as to see ascites and consciousness disturbance in two out of four. All of four cases were survived after intensive cares including plasma exchange and glucagon-insulin therapy. The titer of IgM-antiHAV was higher and lasted longer than in the typical acute hepatitis A. Histological examination in the acute stage showed a submassive necrosis in one case, but in another case the necrosis was not prominent.
Hepatitis A tends to become serious when superimposed on liver cirrhosis and measurement of IgM-antiHAV seemed to be very important in an abrupt exacerbation of liver function during the course of chronic liver disease.

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Histological follow-up of a case of asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis in 70 year-old man

Takeshi OKANOUE, Kazutomo KACHI, Toshikazu NAKAJIMA, Susumu FUKUI, Mas ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1407-1412
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1407

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The follow-up of clinical course and histology were performed during a period of more than three years in a case of asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) with chronic rheumatoid arthritis in 70 year old man. The first histological findings showed those of CNSDC, compatible with stage I of PBC (Scheuer). Laboratory data and immunological tests were as follows; serum total bilirubin 0.7mg/dl, Al-p 14.0 K.A.U., IgM 2110mg/dl, anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) 1:1280, and anti-nuclear antibody 1:20. The second wedged liver biopsy three years later showed the features of stage I of PBC, in which mononuclear cell infiltration in portal areas was less prominent that of the first biopsy. Laboratory data and immunological data were improved. The patients received D-penicillamine 200mg/day for nine months for the purpose of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and PBC.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1413
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1413

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1414
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1414

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1415
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1415

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1416
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1416

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1417
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1417

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1418
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1418

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1419
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1419

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1420
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1420

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Serum markers of hepatic collagen metabolism

Kari I. Kivirikko, Eeva-Riitta Savolainen

1985 Volume 26 Issue 10 Pages 1421-1425
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.26.1421

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