Kanzo
Online ISSN : 1881-3593
Print ISSN : 0451-4203
ISSN-L : 0451-4203
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Volume 27, Issue 2
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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  • Evolution of HBeAg/anti-HBe status and its relationship to the prognosis of HBV carriers in childhood
    Takeshi SODEYAMA, Kendo KIYOSAWA, Shuichi WADA, Eiji TANAKA, Yoshimoto ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 143-150
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.143
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    Sixty two HBV carriers under 15 years old had been investigated for the evolution of HBeAg/anti-HBe status and for their clinical and histological aspects of the liver disease. HBeAg positivity in serum was as high as approximately 90% of the HBV carriers under 6 years old, whereas it fell to 50% for those carriers in 12 to 15 years of age. Forty six cases were followed for 12 months or longer. Of 38 cases positive for HBeAg at the initial examination, 27 had remained HBeAg positive during the follow-up periods, and the remaining 11 lost HBeAg and 8 of them seroconverted to anti-HBe. The serum transaminase values in these 11 cases who lost HBeAg were abnormally elevated for variable periods, but eventually returned to normal. In 6 of these 11 cases with liver dysfunctions, liver biopsy was performed at the phase of HBeAg or shortly after the disappearance of HBeAg. The liver histology was persistent hepatitis in 2 and chronic active hepatitis in 4 cases. Two cases with chronic active hepatitis on first examination had a repeat liver biopsy 2 and 4 years after seroconversion or disappearance of HBeAg, which showed nonspecific reactive hepatitis.
    These results indicate that HBeAg positive HBV carriers with overt liver disfunctions in childhood are much prone to have a loss of HBeAg or a seroconversion to anti-HBe, followed by a marked histological regression, and therefore any special anti-viral therapy may not be in- dicated.
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  • Study of immunoglobulin M antibody against hepatitis B core antigen in patients with HBV infection
    Naoto MARUYAMA, Michio SATA, Takahiro AKASHI, Kazuhisa GONDO, Hiroyuki ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 151-159
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.151
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    Immunoglobulin M antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBcIgM) was measured by radioimmunoassay in order to study its efficacy in the diagnosis of HBV infection. Anti-HBcIgM were detected in 4 of 30 patients with HBsAg negative acute hepatitis and 5 of 15 patients with HBsAg negative fulminant hepatitis. These 9 patients were not accurately diagnosed as hepatitis type B until anti-HBcIgM was detected. In the sera obtained within 6 weeks from the onset, antiHBcIgM titers were higher than 4.0 by cut off index (C.I.) in patients with acute hepatitis type B in contrast to the lower titer (lower than 3.9 by C.I.) in those with chronic HBs antigenemia. In fulminant hepatitis type B, the peak of the titer was reached earlier and its titer remained higher than in acute hepatitis type B. However, this antibody were undetected in patients with simultaneous infection of HAV and HBV. We conclude that the detection of anti-HBcIgM is a useful method for the diagnosis of HBV infection.
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  • Transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from HBsAg-positive females with positive e antigen to their husbands
    Hiroaki OKUSHIN, Gotaro YAMADA, Koji MANABE, Shingo KINOYAMA, Taiji KU ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 160-164
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.160
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    We analyzed histories of acute hepatitis, serum transaminase, HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc and IgM class anti-HBc in 92 young husbands whose wives were HBeAg-positive HBV-carriers. Ten of the 92 husbands (10.9%) had the past history of acute hepatitis with transient positive serum HBsAg. Most cases of acute hepatitis had developed within 6 months after marriage. Of the 92 husbands, 4 (4.3%) were positive for HBsAg, 56 (60.9%) were positive for anti-HBs, and 32 (34.8%) were negative for both HBsAg and anti-HBs by reversed passive haemagglutination and passive haemagglutination methods. In the 32 HBs antigen- and antibody-negative husbands, anti-HBc was analyzed, and 13 of them were positive for anti-HBc. In the 4 HBsAg-positive husbands, it was considered that 2 had subclinical HBV infection and the others were healthy HBV-carriers based on serum transaminase and titers of serum anti-HBc (RIA). The rate of HBV infection increased rapidly within 2 years after the marriage.
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  • Evaluation of steroid therapy in special relation to pharmacokinetics of plasma prednisolone and endogenous hydrocortisone in acute hepatic failure
    Takashi KANO, Takao KOJIMA, Takeshi TAKAHASHI, Junichi SUGIHARA, Eiich ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 165-173
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.165
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    To reevaluate steroid therapy in acute hepatic failure (AHF), the pharmacokinetics of plasma prednisolone (PSL) and endogenous hydrocortisone (Fk) were examined in five patients with AHF, treated with PSL in comparison with clinical courses. The results showed that the disapperances of PSL from blood were markedly delayed and significant levels of PSL were observed even 12 hours after the administrations, in the presence of advanced hepatic encephalopathy. However, in survival cases, these changes recovered toward normal, accompanying both clinical and functional improvements without .serious side effects. On the other hand, high concentrations of plasma PSL were observed in fatal cases without the improvement of encephalopathy. These results suggested that changes of PSL pharmacokinetics were dependent on the severity of the hepatocellular damages in AHF, and so initial doses and discontinuation or tapering of the drug doses should be decided on the basis of clinical courses, especially the grade of encephalopathy. Rapid tapering in dosage should be done to prevent the severe adverse effects and inhibition of liver regeneration, if the coma grade progressively deteriorated even during steroid therapy. Moreover, suppression of Fk normalized on recovery from clinical manifestations and improvements in liver functions.
    The present pharmacokinetic data suggest that serial measurements of plasma PSL and Fk are very useful as a therapeutic index for steroid therapy in AHF.
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  • Electron microscopic study of the brain edema in D-galactosamine induced acute liver failure of rats
    Takahiro AKASHI
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 174-181
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.174
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    Brain tissue in the acute liver failure induced in rats with D(+)-galactosamine hydrochloride (GalN, 2.5g/kg BW, ip), was examined electron microscopically. 56-72 hours after the ad-ministration of GalN when hepatic coma developed in association with massive hepatic necrosis, the brain water contents was increased mainly in the brain stem and the cerebellum. Under microscopic observation, brain tissue was characterized by intracellular edema such as marked hydropic swelling of the foot processes of the astrocyte with changes of mitochondria. Howeverneither the disruption of the tight junction of the capillary endothelium nor enlargement of the extracellular space was noted in this model. In the rats injected with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) from the peripheral vein, the number of HRP-containing vesicles was slightly increased in the capillary endothelium, but lanthanum nitrate injected via the aorta remained within the capillary lumen. It was suggested that increased amount of toxic agents may lead to the intracellular edema in the brain without marked changes of the capillary such as disruption of the tight junction in D(+)-galactosamine induced acute liver failure model.
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  • Reevaluation of ICG Rmax
    Seiji KAWASAKI, Nobutaka UMEKITA, Kensho SANJO, Yasuo IDEZUKI
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 182-187
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.182
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    ICG Rmax was examined in forty-one patients with liver cirrhosis (31 cases) and other diseases (10 cases) from December, 1980 to February, 1982, and abnormal levels of ICG Rmax were obtained in many cases. Accordingly, ICG plasma disappearance curves in ten patients with liver cirrhosis were analyzed pharmacokinetically, and the application of Michaelis-Menten kinetics to the maximum removal rate of ICG (ICG Rmax) was reevaluated. In addition, the method of examination of ICG Rmax which is now widely used was discussed. It was suggested that ICG Rmax could not correctly reflect the functional capacity of the liver.
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  • Immunohistochemical study of Leu-7+ cells (natural killer/Killer cells) in the liver tissue of the patients with type B chronic liver disease with and without hepatocellular carcinoma
    Shigeatsu FUJIKI, Gotaro YAMADA, Jun TOMODA, Ichinosuke HYODO, Hideo N ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 188-192
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.188
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    By immunoperoxidase staining methods using monoclonal antibody (anti-Leu-7), number and proportion of natural killer/Killer cells were analyzed in infiltrates in the liver tissue from the patients with type B chronic liver disease with and without hepatocellular carcinoma. Both numbers per 1mmmm2 of the liver section and percentages in liver infiltrates of Leu-7+ cells in liver cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma were significantly lower than in chronic hepatitis. Among patients with liver cirrhosis, both the number and the percentage in liver cirrhosis with the KICG value of more than 0.06. As liver cirrhosis was complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma, Leu-7+ cells diminished significantly in number when compared with liver cirrhosis without hepatocellular carcinoma with the KICG volue of more than 0.06.
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  • Serum sialyltransferase isoenzyme activities in patients with liver cancer
    Yushiro WATANABE, Shoichi SHIMIZU, Yasuo FUKUNISHI, Masato MIYAGAWA, K ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 193-198
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.193
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    Serum sialyltransferase (ST) activity has been studied using isoelectric focusing chromatography in normal subjects, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and in patients withliver cancers (hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastasis).
    The serum which was avoided the contamination of platelet-ST was applied to an isoelectric focusing column containing ampholine (pH 3-10) and the fractions were assayed using asialofetuin as the sialic acid acceptor. Three peaks of ST activity were found in serum from normal subjects at pI 4.40, 6.65 and 7.00. In serum from patients with liver cancer, we found abnormal ST isoenzyme activity at pI 7.90 and 8.30 in hepatocellular carcinoma and pI 7.90 and 8.20 in metastatic liver cancer. These abnormal ST isoenzymes have possibly not sialic acids in their structure. And we did not found the ST activity in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis at this pI range.
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  • Antiproliferative effects of human interferons (IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ)on the human hepatoma cell line (PLC/PRF/5 cells)
    Takashi OKAI
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 199-207
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.199
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    The antiproliferative effects of human interferons (IFN-α, IFNβ, and IFN-γ) on the human hepatoma cell line (PLC/PRF/5 cells) were investigated. Every interferon suppressed the cell multiplication in proportion to the growth rate of the cells and the exposure time of interferons, and the significant difference of cell inhibition between 2 and 6 day-treatment was demonstrated, especially with IFN-α and IFN-β. The survival rates of PLC/PRF/5 cells after 6 day-treatment with 500 units/ml of IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ were 8.9%, 2.8%, and 77.3%, respectively. The phase-contrast microscopic examination revealed that the antiproliferative effects of IFN-α and IFN-β may be cytolytic and that of IFN-γ cytostatic. The production of AFP by PLC/PRF/5 cells was suppressed by every interferon in proportion to the antiproliferative effect.
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  • Liver dysfunction in multitransfused hemophiliacs
    Masao TORII, Kenji ITOKAZU, Yoshimichi ITO, Takako KAMAGAMI, Akira KOJ ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 208-214
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.208
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    The present study attempted to evaluate the potential adverse effect on the liver of repeated exposure to blood products in hemophiliacs. 58 patients with hemophilia A (47) and B (11) who had been treated with blood products for more than 5 years and examined serial liver function tests were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 29 years old. Persistent HBs-antigenemia was not found in the patients. Anti HBs was noted in 91% of the patients. 24% of the patients have experienced acute clinical hepatitis. Persistently abnormal transaminase values were noted in 74% of the patients. Persistently normal transaminase values were present in only 9%. Most of the hemophiliacs with chronic liver dysfunction were asymptomatic concerning hepatitis, but one of them died of the submassive hepatic necrosis. Hemophiliacs with liver dysfunction showed a significantly decreased OKT4/OKT8 ratio of peripheral T lymphocytes, as compared with healthy controls and the patients with chronic hepatitis (type B and NANB).
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  • Two cases with evolution of persistent HBsAg carrier state after initial acqusition of HBV-infection in adult
    Makoto NAKAMURA, Kendo KIYOSAWA, Takeshi SODEYAMA, Hidetoshi YODA, Kiy ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 215-221
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.215
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    Two cases who became hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier after initial infection of HBV in adult were reported. The first case had the acqusition of HBV infection and had sustained HBsAg positive during the immunosuppressive treatment for nephrotic syndrome. After discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy for 5 years, he lost HBsAg in serum, followed by the development of antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs). The second case, medical technician, had no mderlying disease and developed acute type B hepatitis with following HBsAg carrier state even after resolution ofhepatitis. Both cases had no symptom and jaundice throughout the illness of acute hepatitis. Peaks of the levels of serum transaminase were 540 KU and 588 KU, respectively. The im- munological factors responsible for the evolution of persistent HBsAg carrier state in these two cases were discussed.
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  • Unusual high gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity in type B chronic liver disease
    Makoto YOSHIBA, Haruki YAMADA, Yuji YOSHIKAWA, Katsuyoshi TAKATSUKI, K ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 222-226
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.222
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    Serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) is often highly increased in alcoholic and cholestatic liver diseases, and is useful in the diagnosis of these liver disorders. Although GGTP is further elevated in chronic liver diseases (CLD) such as chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, it rarely reaches to as high a level as is observed in the above mentioned liver diseases. If extraordinarily high GGTP activity is found in a patient with CLD, it is often speculated that the patient is also an alcoholic.
    We observed extraordinarily high GGTP activity (above 500 U/l) which continued for over 6 years in a non-alcoholic female patient with type B chronic hepatitis which progressed to liver cirrhosis. High GGTP activity may indicate the presence of active liver inflammation in chronic liver diseases.
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  • Clinicopathological study of pedunculated hepatoma
    4 cases report with review of literature
    Takatoshi SHIMOYAMA, Yutaka FUKUDA, Akio KAWAGUCHI, Yukio SATOH, Masaa ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 227-233
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.227
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    Four patients with pedunculated hepatoma showing an extrahepatic growth were reported. The primaty sites of the tumors were right lobe in two, left lobe and quadrate lobe in one respectively. Three patients underwent curative resection including partial or segmental hepatectomy and one patient received transcatheter arterial embolization. Selevtive angiography demonstrated that the tumor vessels were corresponding to the mass from the intrahepatic arteries. Histological findings of these tumors showed intranodular septal formation and capsule formation clearly separated between the tumor and the liver. These findings indicated that the tumor might be developed from accessory liver lobe rather than ectopic liver or Riedel's lobe. Clinicopathological features of pedunculated hepatoma, which is very rare, has been discussed with a review of 42 cases reported in Japan.
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  • A case of primary biliary cirrhosis with aortitis syndrome
    Masaki YOKOTA, Shigeru SAKAMOTO, Takashi MATSUURA, Koichiro MUTA, Yosh ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 234-237
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.234
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    A 34-year-old female patient was admitted with the chief complaints of itching, icterus, xanthoma and liver damage. Seven years before admission, she began to suffer from itching on her elbow and patella fossa, which was continued and worsened. The laboratory examination on admission showed severe cholestasis and the diagnosis of PBC was done. One year after, she was noticed to have a difference of blood pressures between the right and left arms, and vascular murmurs in the neck, chest and abdomen. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) demonstrated bilateral stenosis of subclavian arteries, internal carotid arteries and renal arteries, and irregurarity of the wall of abdominal aorta. These findings of DSA and the inflammatory reaction observed were compatible with Aortitis syndrome. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of PBC accompanied with Aortitis syndrome.
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  • A case of hepatic injury caused by an herb drug
    Ikuko SATAKE, Masato MAEDA, Wataru KOYAMA, Shigemi SAKAMOTO, Seisaku K ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 238-241
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.238
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    A 65-year old woman was admitted to our hospital with jaundice, loss of appetite and ecchymosis on the bilateral femurs. She had taken "Keimeigashin-san", an herb drug, for about 40 days before the onset of illness. On admission, semm GOT was 121 IU, GPT 187 IU, ALP 616 IU and the total bilirubin 6.0mg/dl. Serum HBsAg and IgM class anti-HA were negative. A needle liver biopsy specimen showed predominantly centrilobular cholestasis, but focal necrosis of hepatocytes or lymphocyte infiltration was rarely observed.
    This patient showed a stimulation index of 316% on LST against "Keimeigashin-san", but the results of LST against any of the three drugs comprising "keimeigashin-san" were negative. Subsequently, her symptoms disappeared and elevated serum enzymes returned to normal.
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  • Intrahepatic portal-hepatic venous shunt diagnosed by ultrasonography and computed tomography: Report of two cases
    Takashi SHINAGAWA, Yasuo IINO, Haruyasu UKAJI, Masaharu ISHIZUKA
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 242-247
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.242
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    Two cases of intrahepatic portal-hepatic venous shunt found by ultrasonography and computed tomography are reported. The first case came to the hospital because of hematuria. A large shunt between the portal vein and the hepatic vein was demonstrated by ultrasonography done for screening, and confirmed by percutaneous transhepatic portography (PTP). The second case was admitted because of cholelithiasis. Computed tomography with contrast enhancement revealed a dilated portal vein in the upper portion of the right lobe. It was subsequently shown by PTP to be a portal-hepatic venous shunt. Portal vein pressure and histological finding of the liver were nomal in both cases.
    The etiology of the shunt was thought to be congenital in these cases for lack of liver disease, portal hypertension and history of trauma. Both cases had no history of hepatic encephalopathy and did not show any symptom attributable to the shunt.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 248
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.248
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 249
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.249
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 250
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.250
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 251
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.251
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 252-289
    Published: February 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.27.252
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