Kanzo
Online ISSN : 1881-3593
Print ISSN : 0451-4203
ISSN-L : 0451-4203
Volume 27, Issue 8
Displaying 1-26 of 26 articles from this issue
  • Seigo SAKAGUCHI
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1043-1055
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Clinical and histopathological studies on 97 cases (160 specimens) of hepatitis with bridging necrosis (BN) observed diffusely in the liver specimens were performed.
    Sixty-three patients were males and 34 were females. HBsAg was detected in serum in 60% of males and 42% of females. Clinical severity varied from fatal to asymptomatic. In fatal or severe cases, necrotic area was usually wide and collagen formation was rare (reticulin type) but bile plugs were detected at the margins of hepatic lobule. Concerning with the elapsed period between onset and diagnosis of BN, reticulin type was observed within 3 months, and rosette formation or nodules were usually encountered later than 6 months.
    In the majority of cases with acute hepatitis, zonal or more extensive necrosis was observed in prior to formation of BN. Histological sequelae of BN was not satisfactory and chronic hepatitis with BN revealed transition to hepatocellular carcinoma or chronic active hepatitis with lobular disorganization in 9 among 11 cases, suggesting the higher frequency of histological progression within short period comparing with the cases of common type of chronic hepatitis.
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  • Shuichi SEKI, Shigeyoshi HARIHARA, Shinobu SAITO, Susumu SHIOMI, Yasuh ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1056-1064
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The residual hepatocytes in early disease stages of 14 surviving patients with fulminant hepatitis or severe acute hepatitis in whom the initial liver biopsy disclosed bridging hepatic necrosis were morphologically investigated by light and electron microscopy. The following conclusions are obtained.
    The residual hepatocytes were not so markedly damaged as have been conventinally considered. Especially, it is eatimated that cytokinesis due to mitosis would occur in the following cells: large hepatocytes having large-sized nuclei and clear nucleoli, possessing well-developed rER, a lot of free ribosome and mitochondria of which matrix's electron density is low, in the cytoplasm around the nuclei, and in addition, showing abundant glycogen granules and fat droplets in the cytoplasm around the cell membrane. Binuclear cells which present the same ultrastructural features including those of organelle, etc. Would be divided into mono-nuclear daughter cells. On the other hand, small hepatocytes having basophilic cytoplasm and forming a thickened, restiform arrangement were regarded as newly generated cells by mitosis. These cells can be divided into three groups as stated in "RESULTS" in terms of ultrastructure. These small hepatocytes would gradually mature and repeat mitosis as large hepatocytes would. Thus, extensive necrotized areas would be gradually repaired and finally, cobble stone appearance, etc. would be formed, in which compensation has completed.
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  • Kenji TANAKA
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1065-1075
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To elucidate the type and incidence of acid-base disturbances, arterial blood gas analysis was performed in 37 patients with fulminant hepatitis. Fulminant hepatitis was subclassified into acute type (23 cases) and subacute type (14 cases). The most common type of acid-base disturbance was respiratory alkalosis on admission, followed by metabolic alkalosis. In 19 cases (51.4%) mixed alkalosis were seen. Similar pattern of acid-base balance was observed in both acute type and subacute type, except the cases with renal failure.
    On admission, all cases that were associated with metabolic acidosis had complicated renal failure, none of them consisted with lactec acidosis. After admission metabolic acidosis showed a tendency to increase in fatal cases, and was thought to be the sign of poor prognosis.
    In addition, correlation between acid-base balance and grade of hepatic encephalopathy was investigated in this study. The results suggested that high pH and low PaCO played a significant role in deterioration of encephalopathy.
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  • Yohei FUKUMOTO, Yasuji SHINKAI, Kiwamu OKITA, Tadayoshi TAKEMOTO, Robi ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1076-1084
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Substances which inhibit the Na+, K +-ATPase activity in rat brain cell membrane have been found out among toxins in the circulation of patient with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). In this examination, the effect of middle molecular serum substances from FHF patients on bile secretion was evaluated using rat. Serum ultrafiltrates and elution peaks chromatographed on Sephadex G-25 from ultrafiltrate of FHF patients were infused into rats portal vein. As a result, bile acid output in bile was reduced significantly as compared to normal control after administration of serum substances. More recently, it is strongly suggested that bile acid uptake into the hepatocyte is a coupled transport with sodium maintained by the Na+, K+-ATPase. Thus, the results in this study seem to support a hypothesis that Na+, K+-ATPase play an important role in coupling transport of bile acid and resulting in the so-called bile acid-dependent bile flow.
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  • Shuichi KANEKO, Tohru OSHIMA, Kazuya KODAMA, Shou AOYAMA, Hiroshi YOSH ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1085-1093
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The fate of integrated woodchuck hepatitis viral (WHV) DNA was systematically investigated in DNA samples from primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of woodchucks, solid tumors transplanted into athymic mice derived from a primary HCC of woodchuck, and an established cell line of tissue culture originated from the transplanted tumor. In four out of five HCCs, WHV DNA integration was demonstrated. The WHV DNA integrations in the host DNA have been maintained without changing the patterns of bands for more than three years during passages of the transplanted tumors and of tissue culture. Results of Southern hybridization and restriction mappings of cloned fragments suggested that there were three integration sites on the chromosomes of the established cell. A positive role of WHV DNA integration in generation of HCC is strongly suggested by the stable maintenance of a certain mode of WHV DNA integration.
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  • Eiji OYAKE, Mikio KARIYA, Kazuaki CHAYAMA, Sousuke CHIHARA, Yasuyuki T ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1094-1104
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Seven patients who developed intraperitoneal bleeding from ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) received emergency transcatheter arterial embolization therapy (TAE).
    Their bleeding was stopped successfully by the procedure and five of them survived. Two of the five subsequently received partial hepatectomies and the HCC were resected. Extravasation was proved in four of the seven cases and in all of them, it was arterial. Extravasation from the portal vein was not observed. Bleeding occured from HCC protruding from the liver surface. Because some of the ruptured HCC were small and there was a possibility for complete surgical resection, it should be emphasized that emergency TAE is a very useful lifesaving procedure for ruptured HCC.
    The factors deciding the prognosis of the patients were shock and DIC for the short period, intraportal invasion and posttransfusion hepatitis for the middle period and development of collateral vessels from omentum major for the long period.
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  • Toshiji SAIBARA, Takashi MAEDA, Masanao FUJIKAWA, Akira TOMITA, Hirosh ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1105-1111
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We had shown decreased production of Interleukin 1 (IL-1) in PBC patients. Spontaneously occurring monocytotoxic antibodies (MCA) could interfere with monocyte function as proven in SLE.
    We sought evidence of spontaneously occurring MCA in 13 PBC patients. MCA were assayed against monocytes from 8 normals with 51Cr release. MCA directed against all donor monocytes were detected in 3/13 PBC patients. But these MCA showed no cytotoxic effects on monocytes from 3 PBC patients.
    This may postulate the possible mechanisms of impaired monocyte function in PBC. But MCA and complement treated monocytes of normals showed no defective function on the ability of antigen presentation and IL-1 production.
    The etiological role of MCA in PBC is unclear but their presence might be related to the immunological abnormalities seen in PBC.
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  • Akinori KASAHARA, Norio HAYASHI, Yutaka SASAKI, Kazuhei KUROSAWA, Shin ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1112-1118
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Relationship between hepatic hemodynamics estimated by reflectance spectrophotometry and abnormality of liver morphology was investigated in 41 patients with alcoholic liver disease. The index of liver blood flow and the in vivo hepatic oxygen consumption correlated negatively with the degree of fibrosis and of hepatocyte necrosis in the whole group. On the other hand, they correlated neither the degree of fatty infiltration nor inflammation. Moreover, no significant correlation was found between the index of liver blood flow and the size of hepatocyte. When alcoholic patients without liver fibrosis were separately analyzed, there was a negative correlation between the index of liver blood flow and the degree of fatty infiltration.
    Thus, the main factor responsible for a decrease in liver blood flow was the fatty infiltration at an early stage of alcoholic liver disease and later, when the disease was advanced, it was the deterioration of fibrosis.
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  • Takehiko YUKI, R.G. Thurman, Katsuhito YOSHITOKU, Takeshi OKANOUE, Hho ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1119-1125
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Gastric intubation of female Sprague Dawley rats with ethanol (5g/kg) nearly doubled hepatic oxygen consumption as well as ethanol metabolism after only 2.5 hrs of treatment (Swift Increase in Alcohol Metabolism; SIAM). The hormonal changes induced in SIAM were as follows.
    1) Hepatic oxygen consumption could be elevated by direct infusion of epinephrine (10-8-10-6M) and glucagon (10-10-10-8M) in the perfused rat liver and the latter effect on hepatic respiration was stronger ca 70 fold than the former one.
    2) Ethanol treatment produced significant increase in circulating epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon and glucose but did not change levels of plasma insulin.
    3) Administration of α- and β-adrenergic blockers, PTU, adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy prevented SIAM.
    These data suggest that catecholamine and glucagon with pituitary-thyroid-adrenal axis play an important role in the mechanism of SIAM.
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  • Hitoshi HATANO, Fumio NOMURA, Shinji IIDA, Masayuki SAITO, Kunihiko OH ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1126-1131
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Effects of various anticonvulsants on development of halothane induced liver injury were investigated in human subjects and in experimental animals. Clinical data of 279 cases who underwent brain surgery with halothane anesthesia were analyzed. The incidence of halothane induced liver injury was significantly higher in subjects who were given phenobarbital than in controls (9/100 vs 2/179, p<0.005). Furthermore, effects of three anticonvulsants (phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, varproic acid) on halothane hepatotoxicity and halothane metabolism were investigated. In phenobarbital pretreated rats, exposure to halothane under hypoxic conditionsresulted in a significant elevation of S-GPT and centrilobular necrosis of the liver. By contrast, liver injuries were minimal in rats pretreated with either VPA or DPH. Hepatic microsomal P-450 contents and the extent of reductive metabolism of halothane were highest in the phenobarbital pretreated group. These results suggest that patients pretreated with PB may be more susceptible to halothane hepatoxicity, and that VPA and DPH could be substitute for PB.
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  • Hidenori KANAZAWA, Satoshi MATSUSAKA, Norihiko TADA, Hajime KURODA, Ma ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1132-1140
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Azygos blood flow (ABF) by a continuous thermodilution method was measured in acute hepatitis in 8, chronic hepatitis in 10 and cirrhosis in 30. ABF in these patients were 82 ±13ml/min/mm2 in acute hepatitis, 162 ± 12ml/min/mm2 in chronic hepatitis and 247 ± 9ml/min/mm2 in cirrhosis.
    ABF was directly related to hepatic venous pressure gradient (r=0.702), cardiac index (r=0.595) and effective haptic blood flow (r=-0.458). Patients with moderate (F2) or large (F3) varices had higher ABF than those with small (F1) varices. But ABF in cirrhosis without varices was not different in patients with varices. Esophageal tamponade markedly reduced ABF. Both propranolol and metoclopramide significantly reduced ABF.
    It is suggested that measurement of ABF is a sensitive method to evaluate blood flow in gastro-esophageal collaterals in patients with liver disease.
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  • Masayuki SAITO, Kunihiko OHNISHI, Hideo TANAKA, Shinichi SATO, Kunio O ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1141-1146
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Portal hemodynamics were investigated in patients with cirrhosis and idiopathic portal hypertension before and after esophageal transection. Portal venous flow was significantly reduced in 14 patients with cirrhosis and 9 patients with idiopathic portal hypertension who underwent esophageal transection 2 to 5 years ago. Portal venous flow measured 2 weeks after the operation was reduced in all of patients with cirrhosis compared with that before operation and in 2 of 3 patients with idiopathic portal hypertension. In one patient with huge spleno- and gastrorenal shunts portal venous flow was increased. Portal vein pressure measured immediatedly after splenectomy varied.
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  • Takato UENO
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1147-1154
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Distribution of cytoskeletons such as microtubules (MT), intermediate filaments (IF), and actin filaments (AF) in cultured hepatocytes isolated from a rat was observed by the electron microscopy with immunoperoxidase method using rabbit sera against tubulin, cytokeratin and actin.
    MT, IF, and AF were distributed in the cytoplasm showing a heavily stained network. The size of the stained MT was approximately 60nm in diameter. MT appeared to traverse the cytoplasm for long distance and were especially prominent at the perinuculear area, side of mitochondria, and periphery of hepatocytes.
    IF were diffusely distributed in the cytoplasma, and formed network each other. The size of IF was approximately 45nm in diameter, Moreover, bundles of IF were observed in the cytoplasm.
    AF were distributed in the cytoplasm, particularly concentrated under the plasma membrene and around the bile canaliculus. The size of AF was approximately 40nm in diameter.
    By the electron microscopy with immunoperoxidase method, much information about the distribution of cytoskeletons in cultured rat hepatocytes was obtained. Moreover, the relation between cytoskeletons and organelles was well understood.
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  • Kimitaka KOGURE, Masatoshi ISHIZAKI, Ryoji KATO, Masaaki NEMOTO, Takuj ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1155-1160
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Many experiments using rat livers have been done but since various experimental textbooks on rat have used different names for the lobules of rat liver, there is fear of confusion in descriptions for lobules of rat liver.
    We have anatomized the rat liver and attempted to name the lobules of rat liver with refference to be the textbook terms by Couinaud for human liver anatomy.
    Rat liver has 5 lobules. If these lobules can be named from the left side as lobes A, B, C, D and E, it becomes possible to call the A lobe a left lateral lobe, the B lobe a left median lobe, the C lobe a right median lobe, the D lobe a right lateral lobe and the E lobe a caudate lobe.
    These experimental names agreed well with the names for human liver sectors. Furthormore, we propose to divide the left median lobe into the left segment and right segment, and to divide the caudate lobe into the left process and right process.
    We anticipated that our proposition will establish a uniform nomenclature for the lobules of rat liver.
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  • Report 7
    Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1161-1169
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The liver cancer study group of Japan analysed statistically 5567 cases of primary liver cancer diagnosed from Jan. 1, 1982 to Dec. 31, 1983 in 429 hospitals throughout the country. In 2251 cases, a histological diagnosis was available. They comprised 2054 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 118 of cholangiocellular carcinoma, 22 of mixed carcinoma, 11 of hepatoblastoma, 7 of sarcoma, and 39 others. Other 3316 cases had no histological diagnosis.
    The survey included histological features of the tumors, pathology in noncancerous portions of the liver, modality of metastasis, gross features of the tumors, degree of the tumor extension to the surrounding tissue, past medical history, AFP level at the time of diagnosis made, radiographic (angiogram, scintiscan, computed tomography) and ultrasonographic features, surgical procedures, and survival rates, etc.
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  • Masanao FUJIKAWA, Shinichi IWAMURA, Yasushi MATSUURA, Hiroshi SAKAEDA, ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1170-1176
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Four cases of HBsAg negative chronic liver disease who showed persistence of IgM-HA are reported. It has been postulated that persistence of IgM-HA may be a marker of continous antigenic stimulation of hepatitis A virus and the involved mechanisms have been postulated to underly the development of delayed clearance of hepatitis A virus.
    In our cases all patients are over 50 years old and may be complicated with non B chronic hepatitis with or without liver cirrhosis. And insidious onset of chronic liver disease is their common clinical picture.
    Persistence of IgM-HA in these cases might be influenced by delayed clearnce of hepatitis A virus based on age-related immune response and underlying non B chronic liver disease.
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  • Toshiyuki KATO, Yukifumi SAITO, Masayuki NIWA, Kazuei OGOSHI
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1177-1181
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 48-yera-old man was admitted with a weight loss of 6 kg. 99mTe-scintigram showed no visualization of the left lobe of the liver and swelling of the spleen. Portal hypertension was getting worse progressively in 2 years and he died of rupture of esophageal varices.
    Autopsy revealed perihepatic fibrosis associated with marked atrophy of the left lobe of the liver. Multiple neuromas were found histopathologically in the liver.
    In this case, the cause of perihepatitis associated with marked atrophy of the left lobe and portal hypertension could not be defined.
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  • Koji WAKIYAMA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1182-1183
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Yasuyuki ARAKAWA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Jap ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1184-1185
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Mamoru KOBAYASHI, Masaki MUTO, Fumihiko KITO, Takashi YOKOI, Hiroshi S ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1186-1187
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Yoshio OKADA, Kenji JINNO, Shousuke MORIWAKI, Terukatsu ARIMA, Hideo N ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1188-1189
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1190
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1191
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1192
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1193
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1986 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 1194-1229
    Published: August 25, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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