Kanzo

[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 55-59
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.55

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Quantitative analysis of serum HBV pre-core mutant in HBV carriers

Chiaki OKUSE, Masao TAKATORI, Shogo IWABUCHI, Shiro IINO

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 60-66
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.60

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Serum levels of a pre-core defective mutant (G⁸³ to A⁸³) were determined by competitive mutation site specific assay in asymptomatic HBV carriers (ASC) and patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD). The pre-core mutant was detected in 4/5 (80%) of HBe-antigen-positive ASC at high levels. In CLD, the mutant was similarly detected in both HBe-antigen-positive (9/14; 64%) and negative (16/23, 70%) cases. The serum levels tended to be high in cases whose serum ALT levels were elevated, but it had no relation to HBe antigen status. These results show that the mutant may appears during HBe-antigen-positive phase of HBV carriers in adults whether they have hepatitis or not. Our results also suggest that the mutant which is targeted by activated immune response play an important role and affect the prognosis in CLD.

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Expression of TGF-β in liver tissues and its prognostic value of IFN treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C

Soji SHIMOMURA, Noboru UEKI, Kazuya HIGASHINO

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 67-76
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.67

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We studied the expression of tranforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in liver biopsy specimens from 40 patients with chronic hepatitis C. The intensity of the expression in liver tissues was scored from 0 to 3, respectively. The staining for TGF-β1 was found in activated fat storing cells (FSCs) in fibroproliferative lesion, in addition to detect inside inflammatory cells. But TGF-β2 and-β3 was found weakly in a few inflammatory cells in fibroproliferative lesion. The degree of both TGF-β1 and α-SMA expression was closely corre- lated with the Scheuer's score of fibrosis. TGF-β1 expression was also correlated with the score of potal/periportal activity. In 26 patients treated with interferon (IFN), all 8 patients, who had a score of less than 1 in both TGF-β1 and α-SMA expression, showed normal serum ALT levels during IFN treatment. Five of above patients sustained normal ALT levels for more than 6 months after therapy. On the contrary, no effectiveness of IFN therapy was observed in any patients who had a score of more than 3 in both TGF-β1 and α-SMA. Therefore TGF-β1 plays a role in stimulating liver fibrogenesis during chronic HCV infection and the degree of TGF-β1 expression may be employed as a potent predicting indicator for the therapeutic efficacy of IFN.

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Experimental analysis of the mechanisms of alphanaphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestasis in rats

Yutaka TAKAHASHI

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 77-84
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.77

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To clarify the precise mechanism of intrahepatic cholestasis by alphanaphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT), ANIT was administered (540μmol/kg) to Sprague-Dawley rats (SDR) and Eisai hyperbilirubinuria rat (EHBR). EHBR is known as a model animal of Dubin-Johnson syndrome, characterized by the impaired glutathione (GSH) and GSH-conjugated tansport via bile canalicular membranes. In SDR, the concentration of GSH in the liver tissue transiently decreased at 6 hours after oral administration of ANIT, followed by intrahepatic cholestasis. Moreover, pretreatment with phenobarbital enhanced the ANIT-induced cholestasis. On the other hand, ANIT did not cause cholestasis in EHBR, indicating impaired excretion of ANIT metabolites. In addition, the biliary excretion of sulfobromophtalein decreased when ANIT was co-infused. These results strongly suggest that ANIT may be excreted into the bile as a GSH conjugated form, and that GSH-conjugated ANIT oritsdeconjugates may cause cholestasis.

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The role of dendritic cells in bile duct destruction of primary biliary cirrhosis

An immunohistochemical study

Toru TAMAI, Tomohiro SHIRO, Taiichi NAKAGAWA, Takayuki ITHO, Masao IMA ...

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 85-91
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.85

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We investigated whether dendritic cells could act as antigen presenting cells to induce chronic non-suppurative destructive cholangitis (CNSDC) in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Frozen liver biopsy tissues obtained from fifteen cases of clinicopathologically confirmed PBC were studied using immunohistological methods. To recognize dendritic cells, monoclonal antibodies against follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) and interdigitating cells (IDCs) were used. FDCs were not found in the portal areas with or without lymphoid follicles in cases of PBC. In contrast, IDCs were infiltrated the areas surrounding the damaged bile ducts end characterized by CNSDC within the portal areas, IDCs were observed most frequently in sections showing the earlier pathological stages of the disease. Furthermore, IDCs were also observed in direct contact with the biliary epithelial cells. Many of the inflammatory cells which had infiltrated the portal area however, were T lymphocytes, and the average numbers of CD4-positive and CD8-positive T cell subsets were almost even. Furthermore, CD8-positive T cells were found inside the basement membrane between the biliary epithelial cells of damaged bile ducts. In conclusion, IDCs which had infiltrated the area surrounding the bile ducts were considered to play an important role in the immune process inducing CNSDC at the initial stages of PBC.

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A case report of the vertical infection from HBsAgnegative mother

Mikio TSUKIOKA, Hidero OGINO, Yoshitake SATOMURA, Hikohito NAKAGAWA, M ...

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 92-95
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.92

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A 26-year-old woman was negative for HBs-antigen (RPHA method), when she became pregnant with the first child in August 1994. She gave birth in March 1995. In January 1996 she complicated of appetite loss. Laboratory test showed the elevation of AST and ALT. Viral makers were positive for HBsAg negative for HBeAg and positive anti-HBe. Titers of anti-HBc were higher. We examined HBV-related makers of her child. He was positive for HBsAg, positive for HBeAg and negative for anti-HBe. He was diagnosed as HBV carrier state.
In Japan, HBsAg screening tests for pregnant women were started in 1989. However, it is known that the level of HBsAg sometimes become too low to be detected in some HBV carrier. To prevent the vertical infection from HBsAg-negative mother, anti-HBc testing should be done for pregnant women in addition to the HBs-Ag screening test.

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Long-term observation of four patients with early stage of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)

Yoshiyuki SUZUKI, Kenji IKEDA, Satoshi SAITOH, Masahiro KOBAYASHI, Aki ...

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 96-100
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.96

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Laboratory data of four patients with PBC had been observed for a long period until the time when characteristic liver dysfunction appeared. The underlying diseases in these patients included rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, and acute hepatitis. The events found at the time of alkaline phosphatase upsurge were d-penicillamine administration, steroid withdrawal, minocyclin administration, and multiple antibiotics ingestion, respectively. The diagnosis of PBC was confirmed by laparoscopy and liver biopsy in all the patient. The pathogenesis of the disease might be associated with immunological alteration triggered by certain medical proce- dures.

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A case of liver and intraperitoneal abscess after percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) for hepatocellular carcinoma

Tetsuyoshi ISHIHAMA, Seiji SUZUKI, Fuminaka SUGAUCHI, Akira TANAKA, Ya ...

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 101-106
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.101

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The patient (44-year-old female) had a history of right hepatic posterior segmentectomy for ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with hepatitis B virus positive liver cirrhosis in 1988. Because of recurrence of HCC in the right anterior-superior segment (S8), she was re-admitted for the percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) in September 1995. One month later, she had fever and right hypochondralgia. Abdominal contrast enhanced-CT showed a belt-like low density lesion from the lesion treated with PEIT in the S8 to the right intraperitoneal space through the inferior surface of the liver. She was diagnosed as liver and intraperitoneal abscess after PEIT. Although dome-like protruded lesions were appeared with oozing pus on the skin in the right hypochondrium, she recovered without surgical therapy. However it may be rare that patients have liver and intraperitoneal abscess after PEIT like this case, careful observations after PEIT for the therapy of HCC are needed.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 107-108
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.107

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 109-110
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.109

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1997 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 111-128
Published: February 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.38.111

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