Journal of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ)

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 350 Pages Cover1-
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 350 Pages Cover2-
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_Cover2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1985 Volume 350 Pages App1-
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_App1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1985 Volume 350 Pages Toc1-
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_Toc1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1985 Volume 350 Pages App2-
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_App2

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STATES OF SPACE STATIC PRESSURE SURROUNDING BUILDING : Experimental study on effects of turbulent structure of wind on natural ventilation in urban area

NOBUYOSHI KIYOTA, TAKESHI SEKINE

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 1-7
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_1

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The purpose of this paper is to report fundamental data for natural ventilation caused by the ventilator which is equipped with building. We report the results of some mesurements on property of space static pressure surrounding model in turbulent boundary layer and discuss them in this paper. The outline is described bellow. 1) Mean wind velocity of air stream surrounding model gets smaller as the ratio of model height to turbulent boundary layer thickness gets smaller. 2) Space statical pressure surrounding model gets smaller as the ratio of model height to turbulent boundary layer thickness gets smaller. 3) Mean wind velocity gets smaller and space static pressure gets bigger as measured point gets nearer to windward surface of model regardless with property .of approach flow. 4) We used method of measuring space static pressure, 'which is proposed in this paper, and obtained satisfactory results that we can measure space statical pressure where we mesaure space wind direction.

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THE REMOVAL AMOUNT OF FIRST FLUSH TO REDUCE COLLECTED RAIN WATER POLLUTION : A study on the benefitial use of rain water in connection with water quality Part I

YASUO KOSHIKAWA, SABURO MURAKAWA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 8-18
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_8

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Rain samples were collected using sequential sampler during winter 1981-1982 and summer 1982 in Higashiroshima City. for investigating rain water pollution. Analyses included major pollution indexes (pH, turbidity, COD, electric conductivity), Cl^- and NO^-_3. In most cases, the analyses suggested the values of COD and turbidity in first flush are higher than those specified by Japan's water quality standards for water supply. Considering the values of the items, the authors proposed a formula to express the relation of the contaminant amount w(mg) in the collected water to the rainfall amount R(mm) as follows : w=C_rR+ W_x(1-e`<-kxR>)+ W_y where, C_r is the contaminant amount per unit rainfall amount from the frontal cloud, W_x is the contaminant total amount removed slowly from the air column included the collecting surface, k_x is the removal constant of W_x, and W_y is the contaminant amount removed rapidly from the collecting surface. Using the formula and the values in 21 cases by 3 approaches, the authors considered removal amounts of first flush in order that collected rain water qualities might be lower than those specified by the standards. The results indicate that the amounts are under 3 mm in any amount of rainfall.

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NUMERICAL ANALYSES FOR TWO AND THREE DIMENSIONAL LAMINAR THERMAL CONVECTION IN AN ENCLOSURE BY VORTICITY AND MAC METHODS

JUN-ICHIRO TSUTSUMI, YOSHIMI URANO, MASARU NISHIDA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 19-29
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_19

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In this paper, two methods of numerical solution of the equations for air flow are described. One is vorticity method and the other is MAC method. Besides, the solutions of pressure in vorticity method and vector potential in MAC method are explained. Two and three dimensional models for laminar thermal convection in an enclosure are simulated by means of these two methods. The results of computations are displayed as distributions of streamline, temperature and pressure in the two dimensional model and the sections of three dimensional one. Two and three dimensional models as well as these two methods are compared on variables, equations, computation time (CPU time) and the results in order to make these properties clear. Vorticity method is superior to MAC method in CPU time and convergence condition. While, in the case of three dimensional analysis, MAC method is easy to carry out because of its brevity of equations and boundary conditions. The solution of pressure in vorticity method is tend to be influenced by temperature on the boundary. Pressure should be solved by MAC method if pressure is used as inlet and outlet boundary condition, or time-dependent solution of pressure is needed.

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RESEARCH ON THE TRADITIONAL JOINERY OF JAPAN : Analysis on current trends of simplification

MASAHIRO CHATANI, KOJI YAGI, TETSUYA MIYAGAWA, NOBUHIRO YAMAHATA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 30-36
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_30

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To reduce the time consuming work involved in traditional timber construction in Japan, the joinery is being rationalized. Besides employing rough hardware, traditional joinery itself is reduced to a number of types and simplified in shape. This is closely related to the mechanized production system and to the reduction of site labour. This paper analyzes such a simplification process of joinery and reveals its role according to the position employed. The analysis is made in two phases. Firstly, actual use of various joinery is surveyed quantitatively with regards to five stages of simplification. The very traditional construction requires numerous types of joinery, but as the simplification proceeds, certain types of joinery are used more often and complicated types diminish. As electric tools became popular, and automation increased the number of joinery types decrease. In the next phase, after the analysis of actual use of joinery, their shapes and functions are typologically categolized. The shapes have been evolved to ease labour and to improve the function as well as to achieve aesthetic symplicity. Categorizing the functions into three ; to put, to hook, to fix, we can see how various types of joinery can be grouped. It is thus revealed that each joinery consists of at least two functions and the simplification process takes place to minimize the types of joinery among the same group or to decrease the number of functions involved so that the shape can be simpler to produce or to work on site. Through this analysis, recent trends of simplifying joinery are clearly revealed in terms of form and function.

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THE FORMULATION OF MULTI-STORY BUILDINGS BY A COMPUTER-AIDED SPACE ALLOCATION SYSTEM

SATOSHI MATSUSHITA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 37-46
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_37

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PLANNING THEME ON SCHOOLS FOR THE PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED BY OBSERVING THEIR ACTIVITIES : No.1 Space for eating and excreting-lunch room and lavatory

MIDORI NOMURA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 47-54
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_47

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In order to thoroughly analyze individual requirements of the physically handicapped at school and further study suitable environment, one-day activities of 155 pupils of the physically handicapped were observed for total 155 days, and among various kinds of the activities 44 items especially requiring any space planning were picked up. Consequently 7 main items of "preparing" "learning", "resting", "eating", "excreting" "playing" and "peculia" activities were arranged. This paper describes planning theme on the above-mentioned No.1 as first step upon thorough analysis.

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THE STRUCTURE OF BRINGING RESIDENCE AND PLACE OF WORK CLOSE TOGETHER : Study on place of work and residence in mixed land use areas (No.1)

MOTOO ANDO

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 55-66
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_55

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Mixed land use areas are used not only for industrial areas but also for residential areas. Self managers are also producers supporting by lavor of family and long-hours lavor. Employers in these areas are almost the residents there. The purpose of this study is to clear the reason why self managers and employers are forced to live n,ear the working areas, and we try to analyze as follows mainly, (1) Structure of lavor type, in other words it's the bases of their economy, of self managers, employers and wives. (2) Relationship between working places and living places and the reason why self manager and employers must work and live in the areas.

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STUDY ON THE NEW HOME WARRANTY SYSTEMS : Part 5 ; Investrgation continued into the system of the national house-building council in the U.K.

KOUHEI MATSUMOTO

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 67-73
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_67

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The objective of the study reported herein, continued from part 4, is to examine the characteristics of the registration system, insurance system and arbitration one in the National House-Building Council scheme. The principal characteristics of the NHBC scheme are summerised as follows ; 1) On the registration system, a) the registration categories are composed of the house-builder registration and the developer one. The registered developer must construct dwellings for sale, on the contructs between registered builders. b) the investigation of applicants is made into the financial status and the technical standards. c) the registation is now normally offered subject to special conditions in the case of new companies or where the applicant is poor in the financial status or sub-standard in the construction technique. d) the house-builder or developer imposed the special conditions is admitted only as a probationer, who is prevented to use the NHBC publicity but can sale particular dwellings with the benefit of the scheme. e) the special conditions consist of many types of guarantee to NHBC for the payment of remedial works or in case of their defavlt f) the probationers in the new register have rapidly increased after 1969 when the building societies association decided that no building society lends to dwellings without the protection by the NHBC scheme. 2) On the insurance system a) the insurance covers the undertakings of the NHBC which are composed of the compensation of the purchaser's loss caused by the default of the registered vendor in/before the initial guarantee period (two year scheme), and the remedial works of the major structural defects appearing after the initial guarantee period before the expiration of the tenth year (ten year scheme). b) the insurance consists of the surety bond for the two year scheme and the property insurance for the ten year scheme. c) the top up cover system is introduced as a countermeasure against the inflation of repair cost. d) the premium rate in proportion to the house price is about 0.13 % for the basic insurance and about 0.17 % for the top up cover. e) the limitation of the payment by the insurance is £ 20,000 for one dwelling and £ 500,000 for one registered vendor. 3) On the dispute treatment system, a) the NHBC provids the conciliation service, which is purely voluntarly but very effective. The 99 % of coplaints are settled by the conciliation service of the NHBC. b) if the conciliation failed, the dispute on the purchaser's agreement must be, in the general case, referred to the arbitration on the agreement and exceptionally to the court.

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ASTHETISCHE RAUMERLEBNISSE ALS GESAMTSINNESERLEBNISSE : Genealogie der architektur= raum= theorie und ihre fruchte(X)

YUJI AGEMATSU

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 74-85
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_74

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THE RELATION BETWEEN THE SHAPES OF THE IDEAL CITY CHRISTIANOPOLIS AND J.V. ANDREAE'S THOUGHT

ATSUSHI MARUYAMA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 86-94
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_86

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J. V. Andreae is known as a priest whose thought played an important role for the construction of the modern educational and the social systems. He described his thought clearly in his utopia "Christianopolis". The relation between the shapes of the ideal city, Christianopolis, and his thought is pointed out in this essay. The essay consists of the following parts : Preface 1. Andreae's life and thought. 2. The relation to the ideal cities in the Italian Renaissance. 3. The relation to the new conception of astronomy. 4. The relation to the images of the "Heavenly Jerusalem". 5. The relation to Andreae's Rosicrucian ideas. Conclusion

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ON PLANNING METHOD OF THE EXTERIOR SPACE OF THE MEDIEVAL KENCHOH-JI : Through the medieval planning manuscript study on planning method of the Japanese Zen Monasteries (I)

TOSHIO SAKURAI

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 95-105
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_95

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Though in the ancient times the style of temple-compound layout was in perfect order, in the middle ages only the main Zen monasteries formed each building in line and orderly way. But little is known about architectural planning process. There is a difference in layout project between the ancient and the medieval times. For instance, the ancient cloister surrounded main halls and pagodas and made a sacred area. On the other hand, the Zen monasteries arranged each building (Zendoh, Kuin and so forth) to each lateral side of the cloister. And in the main hall precincts there stood trees like European monasteries. As Zen style shows a systematic character, so from a planning point of view, it is nothing to be wondered that there is a possibility of geometrical and organic layout. But to our regret, the famous five medieval monastereis were changed and rebuilt into small ones. Here, by using the medieval planning manuscript of the Kenchoh-ji, the head of the five monasteries, the author made it clear how the exterior space of the Kenchoh-ji was architecturally planned and costructed.

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A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF THE MAIN BUILDING OF MIKAMI-JINJA SHRINE

RYUJI KURODA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 106-112
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_106

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The main building of Mikami-Jinja is the oldest example of Irimoyazukuri (a style of roof) -Honden. Mikami-Jinja is well known for its religious worship of mountain. This paper is a fundamental study of Mikami-Jinja from the three points of view of history, religion and architecture. The conclusion is as follows : (1) Though there are still many obscure points, it is clear that Mikami-Jinja was very influenced in its history by Kofukuji-temple, Enryakuji-temple, and the temples near Mt. Mikami. (2) The origin of Mikami-Jinja comes from the worship of Mt. Mikami. But considering the location of Mikami-Jinja, its relationship to Mt. Mikami is not so strong. (3) The main building of Mikami-Jinja has common religious characters with other famous Irimoyazukuri-Honden which are not located in mountains, like, for example, Yasaka-Jinja or Kitano-Tenmangu.

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ON THE DIRECTION OF FRONT ROOMS OF A MAIN HOUSE IN VILLAGES LOCATED IN A SLOPE AND A BASE OF A MOUNTAIN : Study on plane composition of rural landscape in OKINAWA Part 4

IWAO SAKAMOTO, KATSUYOSHI TSUBAKI

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 350 Pages 113-123
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_113

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This paper is concerned with a direction of front rooms of a main house in villages located in a slope and a base of a mountain. In villages located in a easy slope toward easterly, southerly, and westerly, the superior orientation of front rooms in each village corresponds with the descending direction. But, in case of a easy slope toward northerly, it does not correspond with the descending direction. The superior orientation is southerly or easterly. On the other hand, in villages located in a base of a mountain, the superior orientation of front rooms, is different by the location of a mountain. In case of locating easterly, the superior orientation is southerly. But, in case of locating northerly, southerly, and westerly, it is always the direct opposition to a mountain. Others besides superior orientation are classified into three, right direction, left direction and rear direction. In villages located in a slope, there are seven factors to be either of three directions, 1) convention-right, 2) size of structure of a main house-right, 3) direction of wind-left, 4) main road horizontally lying-rear, 5) slopes of more than two-right and left, 6) condition of a land abutting road-right, left and rear, and 7) form of a land-rear. On the other hand, in villages located in a base of a mountain, there are four factors, 1) convention-left, 2) mountain located easterly and two mountains-left and rear, 3) condition of a land abutting road-right, left and rear, and 4) form of a land-left and rear.

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1985 Volume 350 Pages App3-
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_App3

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 350 Pages Cover3-
Published: April 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.350.0_Cover3

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