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Article type: Cover
1988 Volume 393 Pages
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Published: November 30, 1988
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Article type: Cover
1988 Volume 393 Pages
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Published: November 30, 1988
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Article type: Index
1988 Volume 393 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1988 Volume 393 Pages
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Published: November 30, 1988
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Article type: Appendix
1988 Volume 393 Pages
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SHUZO MURAKAMI, AKASHI MOCHIDA, LIMI MURAKAMI
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
1-9
Published: November 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
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An Adaptive Grid technique, which has been developed for the 2-D numerical simulation of laminar flow, is applied to the 3-D numerical simulation of turbulent flow around a building by means of the K-ε two equation model. This technique is based on the idea of multiple component grids. The only part of flowfield where large values of errors occur, is refined and resolved in this technique. Regions which need grid refinement are deter-mined by the distribution of solution error in the method used here. Boundary conditions for refined grids are interpolated from the results with the coarser grid. In this study, boundary conditions for refined grids and those at the solid wall are investigated and modified in order to estimate the errors of the predicted flowfield by the 3-D K-ε two equation model accurately. The result using this modified boundary conditions can reproduce the levels of turbulent energy k in the wake well, in comparison with the results without mesh refinements techniques.
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HARUHISA YAMAGUCHI, YOSHIKAZU NAKANE
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
10-16
Published: November 30, 1988
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In our former studies on the thermal boundary layer in the corner of wall, we proposed the thermal boundary layer equivalent to convective heat transfer (TBLC) for the practical thermal boundary layer in calculation of overall heat transmission, and classified the thermal boundary layer in the corner of wall in 10 types, and experiments by using Thermo Viewer have been undertaken under the limited condition, and, on the same conditions, numerical analysis was carried out. And empirical formula of the thermal boundary layer equivalent to convective heat transfer in each corner was obtained. In the present study, experiments by using Thermo Viewer and numerical analysis by Finite Element Method are made by applying the empirical formula of the thermal boundary layer equivalent to convective heat transfer in each corner to both internal-angled corner and external-angled corner in overall heat transmission analysis of wall corner. From the results mentioned above, we may conclude that empirical formula of the thermal boundary layer which we proposed can be appricable with united together to the numerical analysis of wall heat transmission by Finite Element Method.
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HIROKO BABA, NAMI UEMATU, TAKUKO YANASE
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
17-24
Published: November 30, 1988
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The visual effects of furniture contiguous to the wall are quantified as the purpose to create a comfortable atmosphere by applying the visual effects of furniture to interior design. Each of the 1/10 scale living room models and its slides that are different from the arrangement and quantity of furniture is judged in the same order on each bipolar semantic scale of the eighteen adjectives. 1) As the result of factor analisis, two dimensions "activity" and "evaluation" are extracted. 2) Using the quantitative analysis of Hayashi, dimension 1, "activity" is most greatly affected by the quantity of furniture, dimension 2, "evaluation", by the shape of room, the arrangement and height of furniture contiguous to the wall. 3) A wide room (20m^2), 2 to 6 percentage of the furniture to the room in size and low height (lower than eye's height to sit on sofa) of furniture are felt more comfortable. The arrangement of furniture and the shape of room have mutual effects upon the room-atomosphere.
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SABURO MURAKAWA, TAKESHI SEKINE, KEN-ICHI NARITA, DAISAKU NISHINA
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
25-34
Published: November 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
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This paper describes the results of field observation about the micro-climate in and around the Ota River flowing through Hiroshima City. Meteorological elements - air temperature, humidity, wind direction and velocity were measured at several stationary points, moving around the river by automobile or bicycle, and moving on foot within the river section along the bridge. These observations were conducted in each season at two sites having different river width and structure (with floodplain or not). According to the vertical profiles of air temperature from the water surface to the bridge, the river is considered as the heat source in cooler seasons and as the heat sink in warmer seasons to the air within the river section. The appearance of the obvious difference between air temperature on the bridge and surrounding built-up area is restricted in warmer seasons. Namely, the river seemingly acts only as the heat sink to the adjacent field in urban area. The drop in air temperature above the river in warmer seasons is proportional to the surface temperature difference between river water and asphalt pavement, and is also affected by the direction and velocity of the wind. Above the floodplain, the air temperature decreases sooner than in surrounding built-up area after sunset, so it is a suitable place to get a comfortable feeling of the evening cool in summer. The results of detailed air temperature measurement at a height of 1.5m along the street, which lies at right angle to the river, show that the discernible reduction in air temperature may be spread to the extent about 150〜500 m from the river. However, the most variation in air temperature occurs within about 10 m from the edge of water.
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A. KAABI-NEJADIAN, YASUTAKA NAKAJIMA
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
35-43
Published: November 30, 1988
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MASAMI KOBAYASHI, ATSUKO KAWASAKI, KIYOSHI KAWASAKI
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
44-50
Published: November 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
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When design a huge buildings complex like an university campus on hill areas preserving natural-scape, it is essential to get the information of the topographic structure of the site as well as its geographic characteristics. Using a computer graphics, a system has been developed which enables the planners to proceed the topographic analysis and the landform designing as a continuous work. The contour lines of an ordinary map of 1/2500 scale are inputted by a digitizer to make a digital map. The contour data are transformed to the altitude data of 10 meters meshes. Using this altitude data, the data of gradient, inclination direction, drainage pattern and area of each mesh are calculated. The results are presented graphically on a CRT display. In addition, the rate of ups and downs of the site is measured to grasp topographical structure. The laplacian is calculated on each mesh and the undulations are measured by the variance of altitude of an unit area comprising 97 meshes (about 1 hectare). Overlaying these two data, the part of area with gentle rise and fall is extracted for the building site. For the design of landform, a computerized system is developed which, given an objective variance of altitude, generates a site of gentle slope automatically. It smoothes a hilly land to a gentle one by repeating the local leveling until the altitude variances of all meshes come under the objective value. The local leveling in every step is con-ducted by finding the unit area that has the largest value of variance in the site and then, by giving the mean value of the altitude to all meshes of the unit area, which assures the balance of cut and fill.
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SANG-HEE KIM, SHOUJI SUMITA
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
51-60
Published: November 30, 1988
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The purpose of this study is to make clear the transitional process in the relationship between BANG and MALU, espatially ANBANG and MALU, about present detached houses in Korea. The data of 107 cases were obtained from the field survey of the way of living at Pusan and Jinjoo in Korea on summer in 1987. The results are as follows; 1) ANBANG is used the centre space of family life as ever and maintained mutually dependent on MALU. 2) For family life, MALU is used only in summer. 3) Considering the importance of family life in BANG in terms of floor heating system, ANBANG that has been used for housewife's private use can not avoid the mixed use of public and private life. 4) In general, MALU is not regarded as living room in terms of western way of living, but furniture arrangement in MALU is changing from Korean way to western considerably.
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MOTOHIRO KAMATA
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
61-71
Published: November 30, 1988
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Through the community consciousness and coexisting style, next 5 points turned out to be clear. 1. We can grasp community consciousness with 2 axes. One is negative-positive axis, the other is solidarity-selfish axis. Rurban village types were confirmed by the community consciousness also. 2. Community consciousness is provided by life-style of the inhabitants, Especially the axis concerning in the consciousness about participation in the community is provided by the usual intercourse between inhabitants, in case of the old-inhabitants, and this axis is provided by community events and individual hobby activity in case of new-inhabitants. 3. The variety about actual condition of community intercourse and community consciousness is confirmed by the rurban village types. 4. It is effective to classify coexisiting style for the planning of rurban village. Concretely, this coexisting style is classified into 3 types (gathering type, distribution type, housing complex type). 5. By the above mentioned, we can tidy up the condition of housing development to harness the rurban village types and coexisting style.
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KYOHEI ONO
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
72-81
Published: November 30, 1988
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"Yamasato" is the place where the many villas of Aristocratics in Heian period were built. And it had been recognized as an aesthetical world. Then, in this paper, I tried to make clear it's beauty and foundmental image through the Heian Period Literature. Contents are as follows; 1. Preface 2. Geographical image of Yamasato 3. Foundamental image of Yamasato 3-1 Loneliness of Yamasato 3-2 Image of season and landscape of Yamasato 4. Loneliness and Beauty of Yamasato 5. Conclusion
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
82-
Published: November 30, 1988
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
1988 Volume 393 Pages
83-84
Published: November 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1988 Volume 393 Pages
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Published: November 30, 1988
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Article type: Cover
1988 Volume 393 Pages
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Published: November 30, 1988
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