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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 432 Pages
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Published: February 28, 1992
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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 432 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 432 Pages
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Article type: Index
1992 Volume 432 Pages
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Article type: Index
1992 Volume 432 Pages
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Article type: Index
1992 Volume 432 Pages
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Takashi KURABUCHI, Motoyasu KAMATA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
1-9
Published: February 28, 1992
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A new local refinement technique of the MAC mesh systems is presented for simulating three-dimensional indoor air distribution using composite mesh networks. Three-dimensional laminar and turbulent airflows in rectangular model rooms are analyzed using the present method with locally refined mesh systems. The simulation is compared with the results obtained by the conventional single mesh approach of fine and coarse mesh systems. The results of turbulent flow simulation agree with the experiment. These comparisons indicate that the new method is able to provide the same solutions as the uniformly fine single mesh cases with less computational effort.
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Katsuo INOUE, Sho KIMURA, Norihisa KITAMURA, Kouichi INADOME, Isao MAS ...
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
11-20
Published: February 28, 1992
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This thesis covers an experimental study on the exciting force created by a train and a method for measuring this force, concentrating on the characteristics of the exciting force, which are some of the fundamental factors in the system creating the solid-borne sound, and which are generated between the rails and the train wheels, for the purpose of controlling the noise transferred from the track to the structures built above the track. As a result of the study on the methods for measuring the exciting force, we came to the con clusion that, though both the direct measuring method (in which the force sensor is used) and the transfer function method, the indirect method (in which the force calculation is made from the response function in the transfer system), are effective, the former is more suitable when precise measurement of the exciting force in the low-frequency range is required. The exciting force generated when a train travels over flat track can be predicted to have exciting-force characteristics within a frequency range below than 63 Hz, taking the train's overall mass/speed and the rail resonance caused between the sleepers into consideration.
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Toshie IWATA, Masanori SHUKUYA, Nobuyuki SOMEKAWA, Ken-ichi KIMURA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
21-33
Published: February 28, 1992
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The results of an experiment for evaluating discomfort glare using a simulated window in an environment test chamber assuming an actual office condition are described and the applicability of three glare indices to the experimental results was examined. Both Daylight Glare Index (DGI) and Unified Glare Rating (UGR) have a good correlations to Glare Sensation Vote (CSV) in central vision and the slope of the regression line of DGI-GSV was similar to that of Hopkinson study with actual windows and that of UGR-GSV was similar to that with artificial light. CSV values obtained from the present study were smaller than those predicted by DGI and by UGR. The relationship between CSV and Percent Dissatisfied for office spaces was presented.
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Takeji MIYAZAKI, Masaya NARASAKI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
35-44
Published: February 28, 1992
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Concentrations and size distributions of the particulate dusts and metals in indoor and outdoor air were measured in the expepimental room with Andersen air sampler and low volume air sampler. It was shown that Indoor/Outdoor concentration ratios and logarithm of MMD for the particulate dusts and metals were correlated closely. I/O concentration ratios and MMD of the indoor particulate dusts and metals when the window was opened, much increased than them when the window was closed. Similar measurement was carried out in a private house to confirm the results above.
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Hitoshi KASAHARA, Fumitoshi KIYA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
45-50
Published: February 28, 1992
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There have been many data about equivalent pipe length of fittings and valves for water supply piping in Japan. However most of the data quote from old data in the United States of America, therefore it is needed examine adaptation to present materials of piping in Japan. In this paper, the authors propose the method of performance test for fittings and valves for water supply piping, and show the results of the test for some kinds of fittings and valves. On that method, the authors ditermined the measuring system for local pressure loss, and suggested that equivalent pipe length changed mainly owing to kinds of pipe, the velocity of a flowing fluid and velocity coefficient of Hazen-Williams's formula.
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Yoshiro YASHIRO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
51-60
Published: February 28, 1992
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This paper describes the study of the smoke-spreading process in a fire of a high-rise apartment building, SKYCITY-MINAMISUNA, and structure of the fire protection measures of the building. In that fire, smoke spread into the escape lobby and the staircase. I understood that the fire door of the lobby had automatically worked but it had not perfectly closed because of wind pressure. I analyzed this fact as a failure process in structure of fire protection measures and proposed the subjects of design conditions for fire protection planning based on the idea of fire phase model and fail-safe structure.
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Tooru HORIE, Masahiro CHATANI, Koji YAGI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
61-68
Published: February 28, 1992
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The purpose of this research is to clarify the process of transformation in framing of the traditional timber houses in the area of Rokuseicho, Ishikawa prefecture. The local framing system called "Sashimono-zukuri" exposes the full shape of large beams called "Sashimono" in the upper part of the main living space "Chanoma". Analyzing the arrangement of "Sashimono" and its supporting elements in relation to the spatial organization of "Chanoma", it's revealed that the reason for applying "Sashimono" is shifting from structural to aesthetic expression. Thus, "Sashimono" is disappearing in some cases, attaining the second floor for living.
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Tomoyuki MIYATA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
69-78
Published: February 28, 1992
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The recent demands of consumers is not only to consume. It has been changed to how to be well off their own life. It can be thought this demand causes that the convenience goods stores changed to specialized stores. This research is to get hold of the consumers demands by analyzing the area consumption in the possibility and how it will be off the grouped specialized convenience goods stores. 1) INTORODUCTION : How the recent convenience goods stores are specialized by the changing of consumers and the development of the distribution structure. 2) SUBJECT AND METHOD OF THIS RESEARCH : State the method and analysis to get hold of the pattern and the specific characteristic in the area consumption. 3) ANALYZING THE EXPENSES : Analyze the pattern of consumption and the specific characteristic in the perishable foods (fish, meat and vegetable). 4) CONCLUSION : The elements of the organize the grouped specialized stores are (1)The quantity problem of house hold expences to each item. (2)The varieties of the large expenses. And they are needed. The area peculiarities are found in each perishable food. And also found the type of meat business is a main. I made clear that the background in organizing the specialized stores groupe is by setting the type of meat business in the leading part.
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Satoshi MATSUSHITA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
79-88
Published: February 28, 1992
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Three types of queuing behavior of pedestrians have been classified based on the observation of pedestrian movement : counter, ratch, and elevator hall. Then simulation model for each type of queuing behavior has been developed. The characteristic of these models is the ability to simulate the detailed movement of pedestrians in queue spaces. Integrating these three models and the existing simulation model based on the theory of magnetic field, the total system can be avialable for wider range of problems in architectural design, and this is recognized by examples of simulation shown in this paper.
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Naoji MATSUMOTO, Seiji YAMAMOTO, Yasuhiro YAMASHITA, Shigeyuki SETA, H ...
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
89-97
Published: February 28, 1992
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We have developed a simulator which enables us to observe scale models from eye level. The purpose of this study is to confirm the usability of the simulator for architectural planning. After several experiments, we got the following data in the real space and the simulated one: 1) perceptual constancy by psychological method, 2) emotional meanings by S. D. method and 3) perceptual distances and eye movements by Eye-Mark-Recoder. Using these data, we compared the qualities of both spaces. As the result, we found that we can perceive the simulated space as the real one and this simulator is useful for perception and judgment of architectural space.
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Yukio SADAHIRO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
99-104
Published: February 28, 1992
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The objective of this paper is to propose a statistical method of analyzing the relationship between the distribution of population and that of retail stores based upon the assumption that the distribution of population is in proportion to accesibility to stores. This statistical method provides a measure of fitness between the distribution of population (or customers) and that of retail stores. It also provides the estimation of market areas. As an example, Nishinomiya city is analyzed through this method, and some empirical findings are shown.
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Eiji KAMEI, Yoshio TSUKIO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
105-111
Published: February 28, 1992
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The purpose of this study is to propose a method in order to understand both characteristics of skyline and its impression of comfort by fixed quantity such as 'value of fluctuation' and to examine its effectiveness. This paper makes clear the usefulness of adopting fluctuations as the index. Through the analysis with fluctuations, it was found out that skyline tend to have 1/f fluctuations. And we had a survey on correlation between fluctuations and impression. The results show the possibility to grasp not only the characteristics of skylne figures but also its impression of comfort by fluctuations.
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Yoshiko FUJIMOTO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
113-121
Published: February 28, 1992
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The problems of maintenance and management cost, especially, of repair work cost, posed by Japanese medium- and high-rise condominiums are analyzed here based on the annual financial reports compiled by the management association as of 1989. Chief findings are: (1) The annual average cost per housing site for minor repair (part of maintenance) is 508 yen/m_2・year, chiefly for the adjustment and checking of the laidout equipment. (2) The cost for major repair related to damaged outer walls or water proof reefs is covered by reserved cotributions. (3) The long-range standard and system for securing efficient repair work should be established along with planning the detailed checking list of time.
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Rintaro KAWAMICHI, Tomoko HASHITERA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
123-129
Published: February 28, 1992
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In the history of Japanese modern architecture, the word "Nihon-shumi(Japan-taste)" has been commonly used, though the word in present days denotes "Japonaiserie" or "Japanism" as a kind of exoticism. Tensin Okakura used "Nihon-shumi" in his articles, which meant the taste or flavor peculiar to Japanese arts and things. This word first used frequently in the controversy on the future style of Japanese architecture which was held between Yasuji Ohtsuka and Chuta Itoh in the 42 nd year of Meiji. The concept of "Nihon-shumi" was based on the concept of "national taste" which had been discussed from early time about the style of architecture by Chuta Itoh.
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Masaki FUJIKAWA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
131-139
Published: February 28, 1992
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Using the Kyoto lodging facilities of the Choshu clan during the early Edo period as an example, this paper seeks to make clear the spatial composition of the "shuku (or yado)", one of the important dwelling types of the samurai clans in those times. In the "joraku" rituals (periodic migrations to the old capital) during the Genna era, the daimyo stayed at various temple com- plexes in Kyoto. The following Kan'ei era, however, saw him staying at his own new residential premises, though almost all samurai warriors continued to lodge at town houses surrounding the daimyo residence. It may be said that in the Edo period, this dwelling type was common, and its principles were utilized for city planning as well.
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Hidekazu SHIRAI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
141-147
Published: February 28, 1992
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In this paper, I chiefly describe the details about the publication of the voluminous book entitled "L'Architecture consideree sous le rapport de 1'art, des moeurs et de la legislation" (Paris, 1804) written by Claude-Nicolas Ledoux (1736-1806), who is one of the visionary architects in the 18th century France. First, I elucidate the circumstances around Ledoux concerning the publication of the book until 1804. Second, I treat of the Daniel Ramee's second edition of this book (1847).
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Satoshi OKADA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 432 Pages
149-153
Published: February 28, 1992
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Giovanni Battista Piranesi, well-known as a great engraver, produced at least six schemes to restore the Presbiterio for San Giovanni in Laterano. This paper deals with a "colonnato" planned in the third proposal (Tavola Sesta), then suggests that it be related to Filippo Juvarra's grand project for il Duomo di Torino under the general recognition of Palladio's influence on both architects. Piranesi, in particular, must have referred to a plan of the Quarto Progetto for the Duomo when he faced Borromini's Lateran nave which Juvarra had also traced in the drawing titled Pensieri per la navata del Duomo di Torino.
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 432 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 432 Pages
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