Journal of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ)

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 353 Pages Cover1-
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 353 Pages Cover2-
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_Cover2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1985 Volume 353 Pages Toc1-
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_Toc1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1985 Volume 353 Pages Toc2-
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_Toc2

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MEASUREMENTS AND PREDICTION OF INTELLIGIBILITY ON THE DISTRIBUTED PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM IN AN OPEN-AIR STADIUM : A study on the intelligibility of field public address system Part 3

YOSHINORI TOIDA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 1-10
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_1

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On condition that speech is disturbed by echo and noises, the possibility of predicting syllable intelligibility on the distributed public address system in an open-air stadium has been investigated, using proposed predicting method which assumes the value of syllable articulation in a real field would be the same as what would be calculated were the disturbing echo energy replaced by equivalent noise. The stadium is 210 by 173 meters in size, 29 000 square meters in the total area, can accommodate 20 639 people in the stand, and for public address system 48 reflex-horn type loudspeakers are distributed around the stand. Acoustics and three CV syllable intelligibility in Japanese were measured, and articulation index was calculated by the predicting method using physical data measured in the stadium. Three combinations of the following calculated syllable articulations in echoes were considered : Svv of vowel is interfered by echo vowels ;Scv of consonant is interfered by echo vowels ; Scc of consonant is interfered by echo consonants. As a case of the first application to real field, there were high correlation between the results measured in the stadium and calculated by the predicting method, 0.7477 of the coefficient of correlation was obtained by multiple regression analysys.

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AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF CONDENSATION AND EVAPORATION PROCESS IN POROUS CEMENT PLATE

MAMORU MATSUMOTO, SHUICHI HOKOI, KENJI MIURA, AKIRA TSUKAMOTO, YASUHIR ...

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 11-20
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_11

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This paper describes an experimental and analytical study of the condensation and evaporation process in the porous cement plate using the simulanous heat and moisture transfer equations. An experiment of condensation process are carried out in the apparatus which consisted of two boxes maintained at different temperatures and humidities. An experiment of the evaporation are carried out in the apparatus which consisted of one room maintained at fixed temperature and humidity. And variation of moisture content in specimens are measured. The density and thickness of specimens in the experiments are 1 000 [kg/m^3] and 0.012 [m]. The experimental results of condensation and evaporation process are analyzed by the simultaneous heat and moisture transfer equations. The caluculated values of moisture content show good agreement with the experimental results.

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOLE TEMPERATURES AND BODY TEMPERATURES OR THERMAL SENSATIONS WITH FLOOR HEATING

KAZUO EMURA, HEIZO SAITO

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 21-31
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_21

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The floor heating system is regarded to have high profitability in comparsion with other heating system in view of the heat balance and thermal sensation of human body. In addition, Japanese are fond of floor heating, who have accustomed to warm their feet at "KOTATU" in winter season. However, it is also pointed out physiologically that the controlling center of body temperature will be out of order to react local heat such as that of floor heating system. Therefore, it is necessary to experiment what reaction of human body occurs when his sole is heated by floor heating system. The experiment I was conducted to observe the change of body temperatures, thermal sensations and degree of comfort under the various floor heating conditions. The experiment II was done under the un-uniform distribution of air temperature in a room. The results of experiments were as follows. The rectum temperature did not drop when the sole was heated (for example 44℃) in spite of physiological expectation. And the sole temperature did not work on comfort votes in such range of sole temperature as 33-44℃, in case that the subjects were seated with light work in about 20℃ still air for 90 minutes. Under the un-uniform distribution of air temperature in the room the subject felt unpleasantness because of decrease in the lower limbs skin temperature.

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AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EVACUATIONAL ABILITY IN SMOKE

AKIHIKO HOKUGO

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 32-38
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_32

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In the process of designing evacuation routes, characteristics of human behavior in smoke must be considered according to the principle of fail-safe. The objective of the current study is to investigate the tendency of escape direction of occupants and the velocity of ambulation in smoke. This experiment was conducted under the assumption that subjects had no information on walking routes. The smoke filled in the laboratory had no toxicity. As a result, following findings have been obtained. (1) In smoke with the normal lighting, subjects tend to go straight ahead at the crossroad, but in smoke without lighting they tend to grope for the exit and turn the corner. (2) The velocity of ambulation in smoke depends rather on intencity of lighting than on property of subjects. With normal lighting the velocity is about 0. 8-1.0 m/sec, with emergency lighting 0.4-0.8 m/sec, and with no lighting 0. 2-0. 3 m/sec. (3) With lighting there is great individual difference of velocity and it depends somewhat on property of subjects, but without lighting subjects tend to grope for the exit along the wall, thus the variance of velocity is rather small.

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THE STRUCTURE OF AVAILABLE FIELD OF ASSEMBLY FACILITIES WHICH IS OPEN TO WHOLE THE CITY : A study on the structure of available field of assembly facilities

YASUHIRO SAKURAI

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 39-49
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_39

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This paper aimes to clear the structure of available field of assembly facilities from the viewpoint of differences by its location and its organizer. The conclusions are as follows ; 1) The structure of available field of public assembly facilities differ from private one. The former shoes centralization structure, and the latter shows relatively breakup structure. 2) The differences reflect the difference of constituents between public assembly facilities and private one. 3) The structure of available field of assembly facilities changes by its seazonal zone and its open time and its function. 4) Collectively, the available field of public assembly facilities is within 2 km.

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THE FUNDAMENTAL SITUATIONS OF OPERATIONS AND FACILITIES ON MUSEUMS IN JAPAN. : Study on architectural planning for museum. Part I

TOTA NOMURA, CHIHARU IKEDA, RYOICHI YAGINUMA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 50-56
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_50

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The objective of this paper is to make clear the fundamental situations of museums in Japan from the viewpoints of operations and facilities. The contents of this paper are as follows. 1. Introduction. 2. Outline of the investigations. 3. Ownership, first year of operation and location. 4. Service time. 5. Scale of the floor area. 6, Number of staff. 7. Evaluation of the present conditions with the Standard Codes. 8. Contents of the staff duties. 9. Conclusion.

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ANALYYSIS OF PERSONAL CONTACT AND TELECOMMUNICATION BETWEEN BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS IN C.B.D.

KENJI MITSUYOSHI, SATOSHI HAGISHIMA, AKIRA OHGAI, NAM GAK KIM

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 57-66
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_57

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The purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship of personal and telecommunication contact between business establishments in Central Business Districts. Discussed in this paper are the methods used and the reasons for external communication between businesses. As well, factors which influence the frequency of contacts are also discussed. The results are as follows : 1) Establishments communicate through both personal contact and telephone. 2) The main purpose of personal contact is primarily for negotiations, receiving orders, and answering requests. The telephone is used much in the same way, or as an aid to negotiations and interviews. 3) Factors such as area location, business specialties, and size of establishments affect the frequency of personal and telecommunication contacts. Also, as the frequency of personal contacts increase, the rate of telphone contacts also increase.

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A STUDY ON THE EVALUATION OF RESIDENTS TO THE BUILDING USE IN A RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT

KENJI MITSUYOSHI, SATOSHI HAGISHIMA, TATSUYUKI SUGAHARA, SHIGEYUKI KUR ...

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 67-78
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_67

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In this paper it is intended to review how the residents evaluate a new building constructed in the neighboring block. And it is discussed how the use of new building influences upon the evaluation of inhabitants. The results are as follows : 1) The nearer the new building is located around their housing, the more negative the evaluation of residnts is. 2) When the community facilities more strongly related on people life are constructed in the neighboring block, residents evaluate them highly. 3) Residents evaluation among three use group is different each other. First group includes' a doctor office, a hospital, a public hall, a store, a school and a church'. Second group includes' a warehouse, a garage, a gasoline station and a bowling alley'. Third group includes' a factory, a cinema house, a theater, a bar, a hotel and pineball house'. 4) When the same use buildings are constructed in each different site, evaluations to them are negative in the districts where land use area ratio of residential area is more than 75 percents.

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LES METHODES ET PROCESSUS DE FORMATION DES PARCELLES : Etudes urbanistiques sur la formation du tissu urbain a haute densite et a hauteur moyenne de Paris dans la premiere moite du 19e siecle (3)

TAKASHI SUZUKI

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 79-91
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_79

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ANALYSIS OF RETURNEES AND NEWCOMERS IN THE VILLAGE : A study of the moved out/return migratory movement in the Kutsuki Village, SHIGA Prefecture・2

MINORU MORIKAWA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 92-102
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_92

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The improvement of the rural areas must be thought in consideration of the following two points of view, that is, (1) heavy-decrease of households (2) continuation of moving out of youth. Therefore it is important to regard returnees and newcomers as main residents. Returnees appreciate the environment of the village and.intend to settle in the village. Newcomers, especially self-supported traders, tend similarly. In order that the village may receive returnees and newcomers actively, it is desired to improve preparations to receive, for example, collection and offer of information of the village, recommendation or offer of working space etc.

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SUR L'OEUVRE ARCHITECTURALE DE LE CORBUSIER : Les peintures et l'oeuvre architecturale chez Le Corbusier

MITSUTOSHI KURETANI

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 103-111
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_103

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Resumons notre reflexion sur les peintures et l'oeuvre architecturale chez Le Corbusier comme une question a la pensee architecturale de l' AGE MODERNE. Les conceptions les plus centrales caracterisant les peintures notamment les natures mortes chez Le Corbusier etaient l'independence de chaque objet qui vient du Purisme, et la cohesion de chaque objet dans l'espace constitutif. La notion artlstique produlte par Le Corbusier pour sa peinture etait la "cohesron de l'espace", l'union d'une pensee de l'espace avec une force, c'est a dire, l'existence du corps humain dans l'acte. Par ailleurs on a pu demontrer une tendance du "Pilotis" comme un caractere particulier aux oeuvres architecturales de Le Corbusier. En effet, le "Pilotis" n'etait pas autre chose que la formation architecturale pour la "route ascensionnelle". Or, la "route ascensionnelle" exprime precisement le corps humain dans l'acte, etant l'expression artistique pour le corps actif en la formation architecturale. Ainsi, dans un espace homogene, cree et vecu par Le Corbusier, les peintures et l'oeuvre architecturale sont mise au point, ayant l'experience originale dans un paysage "blanc" a le "voyage d'orient". Il y est exactement le createur de l' "espace".

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ON THE RUNDBOGENSTIL OF FRIEDRICH VON GARTNER : Studies on his works on the Ludwigstrasse in Munich

MASAAKI HORIUCHI

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 112-121
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_112

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The present paper discusses F. v. Gartner (1792-1847) and his evolution of the Rundbogenstil in his buildings in Munich. Initial intention of his application of the Rundbogenstil to religious buildings was to express the synthesis of "the Classical and the Medieval". So was the case of the St. Ludwig (1829-44), where the Rundbogen was introduced as a representation of the Medieval. The exterior of St. Ludwig was finished fully with stucco, contrary to the manner of the Medieval churches. But the fact that he also prepared for this project the other facade design with the polychromy means that stucco-finishing was not a sole solution in his thought. In such so-called secular architecture as the Bibliothek (1832-43), the Universitat (1835-40), the Salinendirektion (1838-43), and so forth, the Rundbogen was used in order to embellish their rather elongated facades. While the Rundbogen-windows of the Bibliothek and the Universitat had the Romanesque designs, those of the Blindeninstitut (1833-35), the Damenstift (1835-39), the Salinendirektion, etc. were of much simplified forms. It seems that, in his reasoning, the Bibliothek and the Universitat should impose more monumentality and consequently Gartner varified the designs of the Rundbogen in response to the type of building. Regarding to the Bibliothek, the upper two stories of the facade were of brick. The use of brick here was to relieve the monotony of the facade designed only by the Rundbogen-windows. It was the first attempt on the Ludwigstaβe. In the Damenstift, finished in brown stucco, wemay see the change of his selection of materials. In his later phase, at last the Salinendirektion was solely of brick without any finishing. The Rundbogen-windows were transformed into the profile of simple round arch, which got rid of the former stylistic ornamentation, namely they were intermingled into a new vision of the polychromy by brick. It follows that Gartner in his Rundbogen-architecture had pursued a direction in which brick material could be used in more positive and expressive manner.

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"GEDO" AND "MIKOTSUYAJO" OF YASAKA-JINJA

RYUJI KURODA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 122-128
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_122

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The main shrine (Honden) of Yasaka-Jinja is similar to the main hall (Hondo) found in most medieval Buddhist temples. The thought which connects Shinto and Buddhism is considered to contribute to its form. Yasaka-Jinja once belonged to Tendai-Shu (a sect of Buddhism in Japan), so it is considered to be related to Hie-Taisha and Kitano-Tenmangu. To clarify the mutual influence In the styles of these main shrines, I compared each "Gedo" (a building or room used for Buddhists' summer training) in style and function, and I compared Yasaka-Jinja's "Mikotsuyajo" with Hie-Tarsha's "Geden". These Investigations and comparisons led me to the conclusion that Yasaka-Jinja is the most advanced both in terms of historical progression and in terms of illustrating the mutual thought of Shinto and Buddhism.

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CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE METHODS OF INCORPORATING PANEL VOUSSOIRS IN THE LAYING OF VAULT : Study of the panel construction of the rib vault (1)

RIHEE GOSHIMA

Article type: Article
1985 Volume 353 Pages 129-140
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_129

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Many scholars have researched the methods by which medieval vault panels might have been constructed. Differing proposals have been made by Viollet-le-Duc, Lassaux, Choisy and Fitchen. Among the methods proposed have been the cerce mobile method, the freehand or stone-weighted rope method, the planking method and the lagging units method. However, it remains unresolved as to which method was actually used. It is the hypothesis of this paper that the method employed was primarily the freehand method incorporating some features of the cerce mobile method. In support of this hypothesis. I have herein taken up the classification and description of the feasible methods of the laying of vault panel voussoirs.

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1985 Volume 353 Pages App1-
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_App1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 353 Pages Cover3-
Published: July 30, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.353.0_Cover3

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