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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 436 Pages
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Published: June 30, 1992
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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 436 Pages
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Published: June 30, 1992
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Article type: Index
1992 Volume 436 Pages
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Published: June 30, 1992
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Article type: Index
1992 Volume 436 Pages
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Article type: Index
1992 Volume 436 Pages
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Akira TAKAKUSAGI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
1-9
Published: June 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
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The purpose of this investigation is to obtain reliability and maintainability data of air-conditioning equipment. Field data concerning the failure of air-conditioning equipment recorded at a building constructed 17 years ago are used. As a result of the field data analysis, failure time distribution of turbo-refrigerator, cooling tower, pump and AHU is generated and expressed in Weibull distribution. The parameter of each distribution shows they can be expressed approximately by exponential distribution. Maintenance time distribution is also generated for each equipment as logarithmic normal distribution. Additionally an analysis concerning the relation between availability calculations and failure data with short maintenance time is presented.
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Yasushi KASAJIMA, Shoji IMAI, Soichiro MATSUMOTO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
11-18
Published: June 30, 1992
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This paper aims to explain the influences of Open zone and Cosed zone on children's play space and study space. The questionnaire on 764 samples in 17 planning types, 3 LDK and 4 LDK, shows results as follows. The children play spaces are in the Open zone when their bedrooms are in Closed zone or in their parent bedrooms. The children study spaces are in their bedrooms at elder life stages, but at younger life stages they are mostly in living room or space un-used as bedroom in Open zone.
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Fumihito MIYAMOTO, Hirokuni TANIGUCHI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
19-29
Published: June 30, 1992
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The purpose of this study is to investigate children's cognitive maps of school buildings. Sketch-map and placings of specific locations of floor plan were employed to externalize children's cognitive maps. The subjects were the second, the third, and the fifth graders. Some of second graders' maps seems to be as accurate as fifth graders' ones in the placings of specific locations. In one school building, the block slanting at 45 degree angle was distorted to be at right angle and pararell about 30 children's cognitive maps. In the other school building, about 10 children's sketch-maps indicated rotated distortions.
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Kaname YANAGISAWA, Takashi TAKAHASHI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
31-40
Published: June 30, 1992
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By means of a design workshop conducted in Niiharu Elementary School, an attempt was made to identify and define children's image and idea of their learning environment. Through investigating explanations and results of indivisual design process an effort was made to understand children's image of their learning environment versus actual physical settings encountered. The results shows that : 1) By observation, children pay attention about whether to be visible to others, to be quiet, to be in the light or dark places, etc. in the corners that they make. 2) Children are likely to think of the space in front of their classroom as their territory. This sense of territory has 'certain interesting implications for configuring the actual learning environment.
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Makoto TSUJIMOTO, Kouji SHIDA, Kenji TATEBE
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
41-47
Published: June 30, 1992
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The method which analyze the pedestrian movement quantitatively by using the digital image processing techniques is discussed in this paper. The results are summarized as follows : 1) The method was developed to measure the position of pedestrians 30 times in every second automatically. The main system of this method, using the fact that the hair is normally darker than the other parts, is to trace the position of hair automatically in the binary image which are made from the videotape recorded the movement of pedestrians. 2) Two experiments on walking in straight path and in L-shaped corner were performed. By using the new method the data of both experiments were processed into the position, the velocity and accelerated velocity of pedestrian. It was found to be effective to get the variation of the accelerated velocity of pedestrian for analyzing the movement.
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Shigeyuki OKAZAKI, Satoshi MATSUSHITA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
49-58
Published: June 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
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This is a proposal of an application method of simulation model for pedestrian movement to evaluation of building plans regarding fire escape. The model can visualize the movement of each pedestrian in building plans, so designers can easily find problems of plans to improve them. 11 examples of simulation show that this model is available for evaluation of fire safety of plans as well as existing calculation method, and that the model is available for other problems like changes of coefficient of pedestrian flow and change of path. The accuracy of the model is confirmed by experiments of pedestrian movement.
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Koichi ISHIZAKA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
59-69
Published: June 30, 1992
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The purpose of this paper is to develop an analyzing method of land use transition matrix, and to confirm the effectiveness of that method through application to actual data. The method developed in this paper is to use eigenvalue and eigenvector of transition matrix as index of land use transition characeristics. Through application to actual data analysis, this paper concludes that developed method is effective to analyze characteristic of actual land use transition.
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Sakon TAJIMI, Yoichi MIURA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
71-78
Published: June 30, 1992
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The purpose of this study is to make clear housing urbanization in Hamadera district of Sakai City. Hamadera-tochi Co. was established in 1918 by landowners and prominent citizen for housing development of Hamadera district. In 1930 Hamadera Land Readjustment Association was organized and development area was expanded. They made good dwelling environment and facilities jointly in Hamadera district. Certain zone in the district was designated as open space zoning district. In spite of the advance of industrial land use in surrounding area, the housing development by Hamadera-Tochi Co. gave a certain effect to urbanization of Hamadera district and Sakai City.
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Akira SOSHIRODA, Takasuke WATANABE, Hiroyuki YASUJIMA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
79-86
Published: June 30, 1992
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This study tries to explain the development and types of villas in Japan (1860'-1940') for the period as the influence of the Western society. For this purpose, historical records on each resort area, owner of villas, locations and plans of villas are analyzed. This study revealed 1) the evolutional process of villas in the Kanto region, 2) the factors which caused such development, and 3) the grouping of villa types in Japan (1860'-1940') on the base of the locations and the purposes of possession.
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Toshio SHIOTANI, Takuya SHIMOHARA, Akiyo TANAKA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
87-96
Published: June 30, 1992
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The study clarifies the structure of dwelling styles in family lives in rural housing where modernization has been in progress, focusing on their modern and traditional aspects. The samples are used to show the elements observable in behavioral patterns. The study is believed to yield a basic explanation about the behavioral patterns underlying the dwelling styles of modern Japanese. Behavioral patterns related to modern rural housing are diversified, but can be classified into several dominant categories. This categorization became possible because the way these dwelling styles were consolidated through socialization and firmly lodged as permanent in our society, has been actualized.
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Yoshiro YAMAMORI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
97-106
Published: June 30, 1992
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From the 17th century onwards, new agricultural villages were planed and developed for farmers who left their mother villages and carried out land reclamation to open new farmland. An investigation was conducted in village called Santome New Village which is located west of Tokyo and was created at the end of the 17th century. Each farmer in the village was given land 75 meters wide and 675 meters long, and a little thached house was built facing the road. At the back, a field and a small wood were located. Today, the whole site reached a kind of climax which presented a spatial totality in which the house, at its center, was surrounded by the shelter trees, followed by the field and further by a small wood at the far end. This was the result of the everyday, activities of each farmer.
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Ryuji KURODA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
107-114
Published: June 30, 1992
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We can see some examples of medieval Buddhist main temples with storage rooms in them. I call those storage rooms 'DOHGURA'. The main temple fundamentally has not had 'DOHGURA'. This paper clarified the form of each 'DOHGURA'. I recognized that the number of the medieval main temples with 'DOHGURA' which are still existing, had been increasing from the 14th century to the 16th century. The medieval main temples with 'DOHGURA' are considered one of the new forms of medieval main temples in function and form.
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Kyohei ONO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
115-125
Published: June 30, 1992
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The aim of this paper is to clarify the images and valuations of the Buddhist huts described in Buddhist tales in the Early Middle Ages of Japan. So, it was clarified that the Buddhist huts were very tiny and humble dwellings, but were imaged and valued as very innocent and religious ones as regards the location, nature and structure.
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Shigeyuki OKAZAKI, Tatsuhiko ITO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 436 Pages
127-137
Published: June 30, 1992
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Architectural Space Montage Method was thought up by authors. Subject's mental image is expected to be represented by miniatures 1 to 50 scale such as units of walls, furnitures, people and trees on a white plate 60cm×90cm. Schizophrenic patients try to make a model of the ideal ward in mental hospital. This method would not deteriorate psychopathology because of forming only dairy living space unlike sandplay therapy. Framing, disturbed association of ideas and preference of protected space were represented on their own works. This method might be a useful therapy in near future because of interests by patients, endurance and impetus to patients.
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 436 Pages
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Published: June 30, 1992
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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 436 Pages
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