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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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Published: April 30, 1992
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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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Article type: Index
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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Article type: Index
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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Article type: Index
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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Yasuo KUROTANI, Takeshi SEKINE
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
1-9
Published: April 30, 1992
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Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to study the relation between the air flow and the shape of buildings, concentrating on the location of the void space through which air can pass. The strong wind region near the ground becomes minimum when the distance from the ground to the bottom of the void space is nearly equal to the building width, in case that the building height is 2 to 5 times its width. As the location comes near the ground, the strong wind region increases rapidly.
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Shuzo MURAKAMI, Noriko CHINO, Hideo SATO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
11-17
Published: April 30, 1992
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Extreme wind speeds for various return periods during rainfall at 49 meteorological stations in Japan were estimated using the statistical method for extremes. The 10 minutes average wind speeds and hourly precipitations for 13 years were used for analysis. These wind speeds were classified into seven categories according to the amount of hourly precipitation. Annual maximum wind speeds in each precipitation class were then extracted from these data. Multiple regression analysis, which assumed that annual maximum wind speed during rainfall was a linear function of a reduced variate and of hourly precipitation, was used to fit the extreme type-I distribution.
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Hiroo TARUMI, Takeshi KUBO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
19-24
Published: April 30, 1992
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This paper reports the results of analyses of hourly operation data of a cogeneration system installed in one resort-type hotel. Some results of analyses are: 1) Proportion of generated power and commercial power in electric power usage was clarified, and 2) An useful information for increment of generator was presented using the relationship between capacity of generator and the rate of operation.
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Ying YU, Masaya NARASAKI, Ryuji SATOH, Toshio YAMANAKA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
25-34
Published: April 30, 1992
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It is considered to be possible to establish the simplified method to predict the capture efficiency of cooking hood for heat and pollutants from a cooking stove, if the characteristics of buoyant plume and exhaust flow into hood are known The laboratory tests, measuring the upward velocity, air temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide of plume above the gas cooking stove with the pan with boiled water, therefore, are carried out to simulate the characteristics of buoyant plume In results, it is made clear that the distribution of the velocity and temperature can be expressed by Gaussian profiles, and the calculating charts to predict the velocities and temperatures of the plume are presented in this paper.
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Katsuhiko YASHIRO, Masahiro CHATANI, Koji YAGI, Toshiaki NAKAZAWA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
35-43
Published: April 30, 1992
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The object of this research is to examine the morphological characteristics of the Chinese cave dwelling (YAO DONG). In order to achieve this, three typological classifications were carried out on the courtyard, as it is one of the spatial characteristics common to Chinese Architecture. Through this analysis it is possible to infer the forms of cave dwellings that have not actually been surveyed yet, and to compare them with other Chinese dwelling types. In conclusion, Chinese cave dwellings can be divided into five distinct types according to form and name of the courtyard space.
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Tetsuro YAMASHITA, Yasuhiko NAGAKURA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
45-50
Published: April 30, 1992
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The objective of this study is to analyze the related variables (I.e. number of beds worked, average number of patients admited in hospital and transrated to Intensive Care Unit (ICU), average length of stay in hospital and ICU, etc.) to the estimation of the number of beds of ICU in hospital. The results of the analysis are abstracted as follows ; 1) the number of beds of ICU is not only in direct proportion to number of hospital beds worked, also in inverse proportion to average length of stay in hospital. 2) the number of beds of ICU is in direct proportion to average number of admission per day.
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Makoto ITOH, Shigeki NAKAYAMA, Yuyang LIU, Yutaka KAWAGUCHI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
51-59
Published: April 30, 1992
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In planning hospitals, one of the important procedures is to assess the total floor area and to decide the proportion of space of various departments composing a hospital. For reference to architects, we have tried to analyze the use of space in recent hospitals which were built in the 1980's. Twenty-five examples were chosen for this study. The total floor area per bed was found to vary from 50 m^2 to 80 m^2 in general hospitals. The relative amount of space occupied by each department of general hospital was as follows ; (1) Ward : 30〜40 % (2) Outpatient department : about 12 % (3) Adjunct diagnostic and treatment facilities : 18〜22 % (4) Supply department : 15〜20 % (5) Administration department : 12〜16 %.
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Masashi IIDA, Hiroaki KIKUCHI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
61-69
Published: April 30, 1992
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the construction on site and the airtightness of 17 houses which were built by 7 different house builders by using the same method which was built by the construction method with vaporproof/airtightness and thermal insulation from the outside of the wooden frames. The results of this study were as follows : 1) The external wall works for 17 houses needed 16-33 man-days per house. The house builders who were unskilled in this construction method needed more man-days than those who were used to the method. 2) The effective open area of the 17 houses measured 1.1-3.8 cm^2 per floor area. And the results also show that the houses with simple-formed walls had better airtightness. 3) The airtightness of houses which were built by the method with thermal insulation from the outside of the wooden frame increased by securing the vaporproof/airtightness of the continuous footing.
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Yoshihiro ENDO, Hideo NAOI, Hidetaka UNO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
71-77
Published: April 30, 1992
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This paper, as part 2 of the series, describes the actual state of building related accidents occurred in elementary schools in Chiba and Tokyo area. Main results of this research are as follows : 1. Building related accidents are 17.6 % of all accidents in elementary schools. 2. About 80 % of the accidents are occurred in classrooms, in corridors or on stairs. 3. As to accident types, about 80 % are falls on same level, strucks accidentally by objects or falls on stairs. 4. Accident rate in elementary schools is presumed about 1/5〜1/10 of that in dwellings.
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Hiroshi AIZAWA, Hideki FURUKAWA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
79-88
Published: April 30, 1992
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We investigated village structurs and their changes from view of agricultural landuse in Kanagawa and Shimane. The result are as follows ; 1. Village from view of land use are classified according to form of farming, farming scale and utilized ration of arable land. 2. Distribution of typology is based on scale of D-I-D municipalities. 3. The conservation landuse makes it condition to get workers engaged in agriculture at city planning area and tn procure the nuumber of farmers at mountain village.
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Youngil LEE, Tsutomu SHIGEMURA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
89-98
Published: April 30, 1992
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"PUNGSU-CHIRISEOL", traditional korean site planning theory is used to choose an informed living place and governs the development of communal space in the village. The placement of "Mojong(pavillion)" especially has a relation to the locational feature of the hamlet that characterizes the landscape. It is proved that; korean village is located according to "PUNGSU-CHIRISEOL" at the foot of a mountain. The characteristic of the villages location is reflecting the Peoples sense of the community's happiness. And the disposition of "Mojong" is concerned with orientation in the hamlet or making a special place. "Mojong" is consciously disposed and placed in order to enrich the landscape of the hamlet.
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Toshihiro OSARAGI, Yoshitsugu AOKI
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
99-105
Published: April 30, 1992
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The basic model of the spatial influence function (SIF) was proposed for analyzing bidimensional urban lattice data in the previous papers. This model is constructed on the assumption of the homogeneous structure of the influence. In some cases of urban analyses, however, the effects of the place inherency can not be ignored. We propose a method for analyzing the place inherency of urban activities by extending the basic SIF to the new model which can measure and estimate the spatial inherent factors.
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Masahiro MISHIMA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
107-116
Published: April 30, 1992
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The Japanese pavilion named Ho-o-Den was set up in the exposition in Chicago, 1893 and modeled on the holy edifice, Ho-o-Do (Phoenix Hall) erected about 1052 at Uji near Kyoto. It consisted of three buildings showing each different artistic periods to represent the history of Japanese art. Though it didn't represent the essence of Japanese architecture and art ideally because of political intention and restriction on program, it showed Japanese beauty of her historial architecture and art in the limitation as a pavilion in the exposition. This paper reports on thp factorys surrournding the form of the Ho-o-Den.
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Juko ITO
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
117-125
Published: April 30, 1992
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There have been discussions about the ancient Greek sanctuaries before the Hellenistic periodthat they had no principle of site planning. Especially those like Olympia, Delphi, etc., whichhad long tradition in the mainland Greece in fact look like a jumble, mainly because the buildings were laid neither orthogonally nor pararelly each other, compared with Hellenistic reeularplanning. However, the present analyses of the plans would suggest us that the buildings in someof the sanctuaries were related each other through axes and the extended lines of the exterior walls. The building arrangement of this kind would have been predecessors of the Hellenistic symmetrical and axial planning of the sanctuaries.
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Yasusuke ISHIKAWA
Article type: Article
1992 Volume 434 Pages
127-134
Published: April 30, 1992
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Serlio dealts with mainly architectural order in his Fourth Book of Architecture and he exlpains many design of church, palazzo, porta and so on in it. There are ionic palazzo fagades and corinthian ones in seventh and eighth chapter, and two of them represent whole form of palazzo. This paper analyses these two palazzo design by applying the method of constructing a porta. The results of the analysis in this paper are as follows ; The method of constructing a porta is used in the square that relates to whole form of palazzo to decide geometrically the diameteter of column. The whole form of palazzo is derived from an applied fundamental square, and this square is also used for designing its facade composition by applying the method of constructing a porta. The facade composition is previously decided by square, and some parts of it are decided by architetural order.
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 434 Pages
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