Journal of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ)

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1986 Volume 370 Pages Cover1-
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1986 Volume 370 Pages Cover2-
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_Cover2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1986 Volume 370 Pages Toc1-
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_Toc1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1986 Volume 370 Pages App1-
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_App1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1986 Volume 370 Pages App2-
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_App2

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A SIMULATION METHOD OF HOURLY CLOUD AMOUNT, RELATIVE SUNSHINE DURATION, AND SOLAR RADIATION THROUGHOUT A YEAR

HIROSHI AKASAKA

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 1-12
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_1

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A simulation program has been developed which can estimate the hourly values of cloud amount CC, relative sunshine duration SD, and rain and snow index RS throughout a year, providing sufficient statistical information indicating the respective characteristics of CC, SD, and RS and the relations among them are given as input data. In addition, the indefinite parts of CC, SD, and RS are numerically determined in this program by the Monte Carlo method as probability problems. The value of hourly solar radiation TH can be calculated, if the simulated CC, SD, and RS are put in the formula for the estimation of TH value, presented by the author in Ref. (5). By the procedure stated above, CC, SD, RS, and TH values are generated throughout a year by inputting statistical information picked out of the hourly weather observations at Kagoshima City in 1975. The calculations are compared with the observations from several viewpoints of statistical characteristics, and these characteristics of the calculations were found to show high repeatability with those of the observations.

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IDENTIFICATION OF HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF HOSPITAL REGIONS BY INFORMATION CLUSTER ANALYSIS

HIDEHIKO TANIMURA, KYOICHI HIROKAWA, ATSUSHI TOSHIMORI

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 13-21
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_13

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Areal subdivision of a region is essential for the rational allocation of health resources. The objective of this paper is to develop a quantitative method for identifying the hierarchical structure of hospital catchment areas by the cluster analysis using the Kullback's minimum discriminant information as a criterion of proximity. As a data set for application, a patient home-hospital flow matrix is formulated from the 1977 patient survey undertaken by the Ibaraki Prefecture. An isometric image of the hierarchical structure is drawn for each of the out-patient flow matrix and in-patient flow matrix. This method is judged superior to the conventional cluster analysis in that there is no need for the preprocessing of the matrix data and that it has no problem in treating the zero entry cell, which could be a problem for the cluster analysis using chi-square values as proximity criteria.

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A BASIC STUDY ON PATTERNS IN CHILDREN'S HOMES PART 1 : Sampling of basic constitutional factors in children's homes

YOSHIMASA TSUBOI

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 22-32
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_22

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Based on the data obtained from an investigation of children's homes, this study has picked out some important and meaningful points from the many factors which make up these institatios. The study divided these points into two areas, child treatment and building design, and analyzed both of them.

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AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUBDIVISION PROCESS OF SITES IN THE AGGLOMERATIVE DISTRICT OF PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION BUSINESS

YOSHIHARU SHIRAMIZU, SHOJI MATSUMOTO

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 33-43
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_33

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This paper investigates the subdivision process of building sites, namely the change of the lot shape and the area of sites during 6 years in the agglomerative district of physical distribution business, where land readjustment was executed. The district is located in the east region of Sendai-city, Miyagi. Geographical relations between X and S are used to analyze subdivision process, in which X is the frontage-depth ratio and S is the area of a site. A longitudinal subdivision generates a straight line on (X, S) plane, and also does a horizontal subdivision a hyperbola. The use of sites has gradually changed mainly into wholesale business from open spaces or other uses, and the rate of site subdivision is high as the area of a site is big. A quantitative analysis leads to the conclusion that a site was divided into smaller ones longitudinally or horizontally at a higher rate in the specific region of (X, S) plane, and a designed depth of block put restrictions on the subdivision process of sites.

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THE PROCESS OF EXPANDING SCALE GAPS BETWEEN CITIES

HIROMI ENSHU, HISAO KATSURA, YASHIHIKO SASAKI

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 44-56
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_44

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We offered the hypothesis of the agglomerating process of industries based on the input-output analysis in the first volume. In this paper, we examine the actual agglomeration to prove the hypothesis. First, we gave a factor analysis of the correlation matrix of the industries taken from the 1972 Establishment Census of Japan to investigate the properties of regional distributions of industries. Second, we classified 234 cities selected from all over the country into 14 types based on the difference of industrial composition. Further we investigated the fluctuation of the population and the industrial agglomeration of each city from I960 to 1980. Moreover we analyzed the correspondence between the types and the fluctuation. Finally, we classified the cities from the data of the 1981 again and compared the type of the 1981 with ones of the 1972 to examine the process of converting industrial structure. Consequently, we found the following points. 1) Cities are classified into the following four types : (A) cities with the industries belonging to the groups forming self-multiplicative agglomeration (GMA) in large quantities ; (B) cities whose main industries belong to the groups forming static agglomeration (GSA) ; (C) cities with a quantity of the industries utillized for instrument of laber by all industries (IIL) ; (D) cities consisting of the industries supplying to the demand for household (ISH) only. 2) Generally, the cities belonging to (A) or (C) are making a steady growth ; nevertheless the cities belonging to (B) or (D) are put restriction on a growth. Furthermore, it is difficult for cities to convert to the greater type of growing ability without allied agglomeration of GMA or IIL.

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SOME EXAMINATIONS ON PHYSICAL FACTOHS IN CHILD PEDESTRIAN VEHICLE ACCIDENTS

KAYO OKABE

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 57-64
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_57

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This paper deals with child pedestrian vehicle accidents, focusing on the analysis of the physical factors of the spot where the accidents took place. The area to be studied is Koganei-shi where 34 accidents occured in 1980 and 81. The discussion follows these three points. Firstly, the accident rate of road is discussed concerning both the number of the accident occurance and the percentage of the five morphological categories of roads occupied in the road network. Secondly, the relationship between traffic flow and the number of accident occurance were studied. Thirdly, the environmental factors which prevent a child from using pedestrians' crossing is studied.

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THE ESTABLISHMENT OF "URBAN CHARACTER-UNITY" BY THE TOPOGRAPHY REQUIREMEMT IN TOKYO OLD WARD AREA

HARUHIKO GOTO

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 65-77
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_65

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This paper aims to establish "urban character-unity" by the pattern of the topography requirement in Tokyo old ward area. The conclusions in this paper are as follows ; "Urban character-unity" has to be established by the relation of physical elements and the particular image of each part of the town in the character theme. We can find the character theme in Tokyo old ward area by hearing the residents' image of their town. And so, the character theme is composed by three factors. The first factor is the topography requirement, the second is the social requirement, and the third is the historical requirement. The topography requirement is the most important factor of the urban character theme. So, it is necessary to establish "urban character-unity" by the pattern of topography requirement. We can find the difference of landscape images from the distribution of the geographic place names. The geographic place names overlaps reciprocally their image-influence along the boundary stripes of topography, and because of topography requirement in Tokyo old ward area are the five following sections. As a result, the distribution of Tokyo old ward by the pattern of topography requirement is as follows ; 1. Yamano-te 1-1 Ushigome + Koishikawa + Kongo + Shitaya 1-2 Yotsuya + Akasaka + Azabu 1-3 Koujimachi + Shiba 2. Shita-machi 2-1 Asakusa + Kanda + Nihonbashi + Kyobashi 2-2 Honjo + Hukagawa Additionally we can establish a detailed "urban character-unity" from a distribution of the three factors of the theme using a 500 m mesh.

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IMAGE OF EXTERIOR HOUSE-FORM EXPRESSED IN WORDS PART 2 : Study on the iconology of form in architecture

KAZUNARI SAKAMOTO, HIDESHI NISHIYAMA, TATSUO IWAOKA

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 78-88
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_78

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This report, following the previous report Part 1, deals with the relation between the exterior house-form and the word responses associated with it. This study intends to clarify the iconographical character of architectural forms in the contemporary social meaning. Analysing the words raised in response to 76 exterior photographs of detached houses, the previous report dealt with the mutual relations of different house-forms. A study was carried out in extracting eight groups based on the result. First, in this report, the correlation coefficient and factor analysis of each word were carried out in search of its mutual relations. As a result eight groups of words, each having a different character, were extracted. Next, to clarify the relations between these eight word groups and the eight house-form groups of the previous report, two correlation analyses were carried out : the rank-order correlation and the product-moment correlation between the factor scores of each house-form subsequent to the factor analysis of words and the factor loadings of each house-form. As a result we confirmed an almost perfect one-to-one correspondence between these two groups of eight. The characteristics described in individual word groups could then be used to help clarify the meaning of the eight house-form groups which were identified as the most appropriate solutions in the previous report. This study series concludes by examining the differences and the mutual relations of house-form groups by testing the significance of several words raised in each group.

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"OLD REPORTS ON CHANGING THE FIXTURES OF TOWN HOUSES" IN TAKAYAMA AT 1843.

KUNIKAZU UENO

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 89-95
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_89

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In Takayama at 1843, the pablic office insisted to change the fixtures of the merchant house of high rank, because the office thought that it was too gorgeous in comparison with his social position. Twenty-five merchants reported on it with one drawing of house. In these reports, they wrote there own houses in detail and then noticed the changed parts. They reported the Zashiki (special gest room) minutely, however, few of the facade. I think that the facade was general style so that it was not need to change and report. Though many of their town houses were not remain, we can understand the outline of merchants houses of high ranks at that times in Takayama when we read their reports and look the drawings. 1. Merchants houses of high rank had two or three rows of rooms and the half of them had small open space along the street at the corner of the site. 2. Merchants of high rank built their houses of Hinoki (Japanese cypress) that the office prohibited it and they needed the special permission. 3. They changed Japanese lacquered-finishing of pertitions of the Zashiki and other rooms. 4. They took off Nageshi (one decorative parts) in all rooms.

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THE FUNDAMENTAL AND VARIATION AND COMPOUND OF TSUGITE-SHIKUCHI : A study on the architectural manuals "Tsugite-shikuchi-hinagata" Part 2

SHIGERU WAKAYAMA, KATSUHIKO WATANABE, AKIRA NAITO

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 96-101
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_96

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"Tsugite-shikuchi" is the joint technology in Japanese wooden structural building system. There remain 21 manuals about "tsugite-shikuchi" written in around edo period. Those manuals explain the level and the standard of the timber joint system at that age in Japanese traditional architectural history. We reported the bibliography of manuals "tsugite-shikuchi-hinagata" in former report, and report the technical characters of each 129 types of tsugite-shikuchi listed in manuals in this report. Tsugite-shikuchi are classified to 5 groups according to the age of the earliest manuals in which the tsugite-shikuchi appears. That classification means generality and period of each type. The technical and mechanical characters of fundamental types of tsugite-shikuchi are recognized by the analysis on the way of making variation and compound types.

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ON THE FOUNDING OF A NEW VIEWPOINT ON ARCHITECTURAL ORNAMENTS CIRCA 1830

MASATO KAWAMUKAI

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 370 Pages 102-111
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_102

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This paper is the first part of the thesis "A Study on the Historicism of the 19 th Century", and consists of following four sections. 1. On the Definition of the Historicism. 2. The Founding of the New Viewpoint on Architectural Ornaments-on the Way to G. Semper's Theory of Cladding (Bekleidungstheorie) as a Theory of Architectural Ornaments. 3. The Influence of French Rationalism, especially J. -N. -L. Durand's Doctrine on the Founding of the New Viewpoint on Architectural Ornaments. 4. The Relationship among Historicism, Rationalism, and the New Viewpoint on Architectural Ornaments. The author will present the synopsis of the whole thesis in the last part of this series of papers.

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1986 Volume 370 Pages App3-
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_App3

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1986 Volume 370 Pages Cover3-
Published: December 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijax.370.0_Cover3

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

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