石油学会誌

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Oxidation of iso-butylene over vanadium oxide-lithium sulfate catalyst was carried out with various carriers such as anatase, gypsum, celite and silica gel, and the difference in yields of methacrolein, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide was investigated.
Adsorption of oxygen onto these catalysts, at 470°C, was measured and the Langmuir type isotherms were obtained.
Comparing the adsorption data with the oxidation results, it was found that the selectivity of methacrolein is related with the amount of adsorbed oxygen in saturation per surface area of catalyst, a similar relation to that had been reported in our previous report with the Fe-As catalyst.
The amount of adsorbed oxygen onto catalysts varied with the kind of carriers, surface area and concentration of vanadium oxide.
The methacrolein selectivity was influenced not only by the adsorbed oxygen on catalysts, but also by the concentration of oxygen in reaction gas.
It can be said, from the above results, that the difference in selectivities of the catalysts is related with the difference in their affinity to oxygen adsorption.

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The disproportionation reaction of toluene on synthetic zeolite-X catalysts containing various metal cations was examined using a flow apparatus. The zeolite catalysts studied showed high activities which were almost proportional to the acidities of the catalysts measured by the n-butylamine titration method (dimethylyellow indicator). The catalyst containing Cd or La ion was superior to the conventional silica-alumina catalyst both in activity and in acidity. All of the zeolite catalysts studied took some periods to be activated. Additions of benzylchloride, chlorotoluene and hydrogenchloride to the reaction system enhanced the conversions and decreased the periods of activation. Moreover, its activity increased proportionally with an increase in the amounts of hydrogenchloride adsorbed on zeolite. The results suggest that the active sites of zeolite catalyst are formed by an interaction between the zeolite cations and proton-doners.

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