The injection fluid of Gel-frac is non-newtonian fluid which does not have absolute viscosity, but pseudoplasticity. Here, writer has studied on a few properties of Gel-frac injection fluid and the results of experiments are described in this paper.

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By treating propylene and ammonia in the vapor phase under 1atm with nickel catalysts at 350-400°C and at the space velocity within the range of 160-400l/hr/l, in the molar ratio (ammonia to propylene) of 1:5-9, acetonitrile, propionitrile, iso-and n-butyronitrile, and ammonium cyanide were obtained. Above all, n-butyronitrile was the principal component.
In the reactions of propylene and ammonia with nickel-magnesia-diatomaceous earth catalyst, conversion of propylene to nitriles and the composition of nitriles produced were studied in various cases of operation temperature, space velocity, molar ratio of reactants, and mixing ratio of propane and propylene in the charged hydrocarbon.
Composition of nitriles produced was affected by operation temperature, but hardly affected by space velocity and molar ratio of reactants. On the other hand, conversion of propylene to nitriles was affected by these factors.
As the amount of propane in the charged hydrocarbon increased, it was assumed that conversion of propylene to nitriles would decrease and the amount of acetonitrile in nitriles would increase.
By the results of this study, the best condition was determined as follows; operation temperature; 350-200°C, space velocity; 200-250l/hr/l, molar ratio (propylene to ammonia); 1:5-7.
For example, 17.8% conversion of propylene to nitriles was obtained by passing reactants (the molar ratio of propylene to ammonia was 1:7) on catalyst at 350°C and at the space velocity of 250l/hr/l, when nitriles produced had the following composition (by wt%); acetonitrile 10.0, propionitrile 3.9, iso-butyronitrile 19.1, n-butyronitrile 67.0.

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By treating ethylene and ammonia in the vapor phase under 1atm with nickel catalysts at 350-400°C and at a space velocity within the range of 180-250l/hr/l in the molar ratio (ammonia to ethylene) within the range of 5:1-9:1, acetonitrile, propionitrile and ammonium cyanide were obtained. Above all, propionitrile was the principal component.
Conditions of operation were investigated by using nickel-magnesia-diatomaceous earth catalyst. Operation temperature, space velocity and molar ratio of reactants had almost no effects on the conversion of ethylene to nitriles and its ultimate yield, but they had considerable effects on the composition and yield of nitriles produced.
By passing the reactants (molar ratio of ethylene to ammonia was 1:7) on catalyst at 380°C at the space velocity of 200l/hr/l, nitriles of the following composition were obtained (by wt%) acetonitrile 8.2, propionitrile 91.8
Conversion of ethylene to nitriles was 25.4% and its ultimate yield was 64.0%.
Also, by using nickel-diatomaceous earth and nickel-magnesium-silicate as catalysts, propionitrile was the principal component; but the amount of acetonitrile was somewhat larger than that of nickel-magnesia-diatomaceous earth catalyst.

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The effects of sulfur and selenium compounds on the pyrolysis of tetralinhydroperoxide were examined in the medium of cetane, decalin and tetralin. Reaction products were compared by inspecting infrared spectrum. It was shown by the results that these reactions were influenced by solvents and individuals of sulfur compounds. Discussions were given on the mechanism of antioxidant action of sulfur compounds.

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A significant study has been made on the correction of kinetic energy of capillary viscometer. The hydrodynamic effect of the geometrical shape of capillary affected upon the relation between the correction coefficient of kinetic energy (m) and Reynold's number (R) has been examined with both the modified Farrow-type and specially designed U-tube-type viscometers using 11 different capillaries in the approximate range of R=1-5000. By the results of this investigation, it is concluded as follows;
(1) The Farrow-type viscometer used in this work is not adequate in structure to examine the hydrodynamic study in the range of higher Reynold's number, and available values have not been obtained.
(2) The effect of the relation of m-R is more dependent upon the shape of the entrance than that of the exit for the capillary of circular section.
(3) The capillary of elliptical section has almost the same effect on the relation of m-R as that of circular section.

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