In this paper, the results of penetrating tests of the horizontal cones were reported and discussed to find the way of approaches to the solutions of the prediction methods of the prototype performances from the model tests.
1) The twenty six cones which had various diameters and appex angles were used and the drafts of them were measured under soil conditions of six levels shown in Table 5.
2) Among the diameter of cone
d and the draft
R, we had obtained the relation
R=Adm and the mean value of
m was 2.51 on dry sand and 2.18 on saturated mud.
3) The draft of cones was independent from the appex angle except the appex angle of 30 degree. The largest draft was observed in the case of 30 degree for all cones.
4) The variables included in the dimensional analysis of this system were shown in Table 2, and π terms were
π
1=d/z, π
2=α, π
3=R/pz
2, π
4=γ
z/p.
5) It was difficult to represent the variation of the soil strength in the direction of depth by the cohesion
c and the internal friction angle φ on the shearing test, and therefore, they were not taken up in this system. It seemed that the cone penetrating resistance
p was the appropriate factor for the design conditions of this system while the cutting resistance of the knife
Q was not adequate as one of the soil parameters.
6) Between π
3 and π
4, a relation π
3=
A′+m′ π
4 was obtained.
7) There was a relation π
3=
A″π
1m″ between π
3 and π
1 where
A″=0.189,
m″=2.31 on sand and
A″=0.691,
m″=2.11 on mud.
8) The relation curves between π
1, π
3, and π
4 or π
2, π
3 and π
4 on the
xyz coordinate formed the planes as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. Then, if the design conditions π
1, π
2 and π
4 were satisfied, the values of π
3 could be predicted from the model tests.
9) But, there was a problem that the control of the soil strengths was very difficult and the design conditions were not satisfied easily. Then, a ditorted model must be used.
10) When both the model and prototype were tested on the same soil and at the same depth, there was the relation
δ
2=β
2-m″=n
m″between the distortion factor β
2 and the the prediction factor δ
2, where
n was the scale length,
m″ the exponent shown in the above. Then, the draft force of profotype
R was represented as
R=nm″Rm Rm: Draft force on model cones.
11) The compensated model theory was not able to use in this system because the relations of π terms was not in multiplication form.
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