Kanzo
Online ISSN : 1881-3593
Print ISSN : 0451-4203
ISSN-L : 0451-4203
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Volume 30, Issue 7
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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  • Detection of IgA class antibody against hepatitis A antigen in sera of patients with acute hepatitis, type A
    Takao AINOTA
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 713-722
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.713
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    IgA class antibody against hepatitis A antigen assayed on sera collected from general blood donors and patients with acute hepatitis, type A. IgA class anti-HA was detected at a low titer in 2.2% of blood donors only positive for anti-HA, and in all the patients with acute hepatitis, type A in addition to IgM class and IgG class anti-HA. Fourteen patients with acute hepatitis, type A were divided into two groups, Group I containing 8 cases with ALT falling below 50IU/l within 50 days after onset and Group II containing 6 cases taking 50 days or more to fall likewise. The peak value of IgA class anti-HA in the course of illness was significantly higher in titer for Group II. Secretory IgA antibody titer against hepatitis A antigen was also significantly higher for Group II. Pursuit of time-course change in IgA class anti-HA revealed that the antibody titer reached peak at 2 weeks after onset in Group I, while rising along a dome-shaped curve at 2-8 weeks after onset and falling thereafter in Group II. Both groups of patients remained positive at 12 months after onset, with a significantly higher titer at 6, 8 and 12 weeks for Group II. Secretory IgA antibody reached peak slightly later in Group II than in Group I, and its abnormally high titer persisted longer than in Group II. The above findings seemed to reflect the fact that liver injury was more severer and longer-lasting in Group II than in Group I. However, there was no difference between Group I and II in the molecular form of IgA class anti-HA in sera during acute phase, with the main site of activity at polymeric IgA including secretory IgA in both groups.
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  • The influence of dosage of inoculum, age of inoculation and administration of glycyrrhizin in the establishment of hepadna virus (DHBV) carrier rate
    Susumu TAKANO, Masao OMATA, Kunio OKUDA, Masao OHTO
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 723-726
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.723
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    The relation between age of inoculation and frequency of persistent infection was investigated in the experimental model of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) infection. Sixty four ducklings were inoculated by 50 or 500μl of DHBV DNA positive sera. The effect of intravenous injection of glycyrrhizin was also investigated. The frequency of persistent infection was 100% in inoculated flocks at 3-day of age and decreased to 0% in 17-day inoculated flock using small dose inoculum (50μl). Infected ducklings were all chronically infected. Using large dose inoculum (500μl) the infection occurred in late inoculated groups even after 17th day. The frequency of infection could be thought to be determined no only by the age of sensitive host, but also by dose of inoculum. Glycyrrhizin revealed no effect on the frequency of infection but was thought to decrease the inflammation in the liver.
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  • Immunohistochemical study of Duck hepatitis B virus in acute infection: Relationship between the distribution of DHBVs Ag and the inflammatory changes in the liver
    Ryo FUKUDA, Naruaki KOHGE, Satoshi OKINAGA, Mitsunobu HIDAKA, Shuji AK ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 727-733
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.727
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    To investigate the relationship between the distribution of DHBVs Ag and the location of hepatic inflammations in the liver in acute infection of DHBV, 20 ducks were inoculated with DHBV on 7 day posthatch and sacrified weekly after the inoculation for one month. DHBVs Ag was detected in about 30, 70, 90 and 80% of the hepatocytes at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the inoculation, respectively. The distributions of DHBVs Ag were diffuse and there was no specificity in localization of the antigen throughout the observation period. Although focal necrosis and inflammatory cells in portal tracts were seen mainly 2 weeks after the inoculation, the distributions of these hepatic inflammations were spotty and there was no locational relations between DHBVs Ag and the inflammatory changes. There seemed to be another factors for elimination of the virus aside from immunological mechanism in acute infection of DHBV.
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  • Immunohistochemical localization of glutathione S-transferases in normal and cirrhotic liver
    Hideki SAIKI
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 734-742
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.734
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    The tissue distribution of a basic glutathione S-transferase (GST) is investigated in normal and cirrhotic liver.
    Immunohistochemical studies using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against the purified rat GSTYbYb and human cationic heterodimeric GST-B1B2 were performed both in rat and human livers with a peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining technique. Rat liver cirrhosis was induced in male Wistar rats by treatment with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) injection. Human liver samples were obtained at autopsy.
    In the intact rat livers, the enzyme was detected within parenchymal cells throughout the liver lobule, but mainly in the centrilobular areas. However, 2 to 6 weeks after treatment with CCl4, the distribution of the enzyme became irregular and the staining was strongly positive in hepatocytes of the periportal areaS where fibrosis was occurring. And 8 to 12 weeks after the treatment when cirrhosis was fully developed, the enzyme was localized in the peripheral area of the regenerative nodules. In normal human livers the enzyme was detected uniformly within hepatocytes throughout the liver lobule, whereas in cirrhotic livers it was detected only in some regenerative nodules.
    These results suggest that the distribution of these enzymes may provide clues to their functional role and regulation in health and disease.
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  • Intradermal injection of immunopotentiator OK432 augments the interleukin 1 activity of the culture supernatant of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocyte from the patients with hepatoma
    Shigeru SAKAMOTO, Masaki YOKOTA, Hironori SAKAI, Akihide MASUMOTO, Shu ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 743-747
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.743
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    The intradermal injection of OK432 increased the interleukin 1 activity of the culture supernatant of lipopolysaccharide-stimulatd monocyte from the patients with Hepatoma with liver cirrhosis, but decreased the concentration of prostaglandin E2. The injection of OK432 decreased the interleukin 1 activity of the supernatant of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocyte culture medium with indomethacin. We speculated that the intradermal injection of OK432 augments the immunopotentiating function of the monocyte by its inhibitory effect on the production of prostagrandin E2 by the monocyte.
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  • Effect on natural killer activity and surface markers of natural killer cells after transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma
    Noriaki MIZUSHIMA, Takeyuki NAKAJIMA, Koichi KANAI, Masamichi NAGASAWA
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 748-753
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.748
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    The effects of the transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) to natural killer (NK) activities and NK cell surface markers in 36 cases with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were investigated. Results were summerized as follows. 1) NK activities were transiently decreased significantly after TAE, accompanied by the decrease of the number of NK surface marker positive cells. Four weeks after TAE, NK activities and the number of NK surface marker positive cells returned to previous level. 2) Effective hepatic blood flow after TAE, determined by indocyanine green clearance rate was decreased in parallel with NK activities. 3) The decrease of NK activities was not related to the extent of tumor necrosis as well as the serum cortisol levels. These results suggested that transient decrease of NK activities after TAE may reflect the hepatic ischemia and that the liver may play an important role in the regulation of NK activities and NK cells.
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  • Diagnostic accuracy of thick needle biopsy under intraoperative ultrasound guidance for the small nodule in the liver associated with hepatocellular carcinoma
    Kazuya TSUJI, Mamatoshi MAKUUCHI, Tadatoshi TAKAYAMA, Susumu YAMAZAKI, ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 754-760
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.754
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    Intraoperative ultrasound found many new small nodules in the liver other than the main lesion which had detected preoperatively. Ultrasound cannot diagnose the histological nature of these nodules moreover, accuracy of five needle aspiration cytology for these nodules was only 45 percent. Therefore, we have changed our policy to thick needle biopsy with a 14 gauge Tru-Cut needle. A total of 35 needle biopsies for small nodules in the liver under intraoperative ultrasound guide was performed on 31 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Histological diagnosis of frozen section of the core biopsy were compared with the resected specimens and the clinical results of follow up for more than one year. Sensitivity, positive and negative predictive value and overall accuracy of histological diagnosis by frozen section were 46.7, 100, 100, 71.4 and 77.1 percent respectively. When diagnosis of frozen section was adenomatous hyperplasia, 50 percent of them was malignant.
    Because well differentiated hepatocellular crcinoma and adenomatous hyperplasia are difficult to differentiate even with paraffin section of the resected specimen, these nodules would be better to resect as far as liver function permits.
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  • Experimental study on extension of resectability of the liver with administration of testosterone in dogs, with special reference to pathophysiology of the remnant liver and effects of testosterone
    Takashi SUZUKI
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 761-770
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.761
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    Four-week survival rate after 84% hepatectomy in dogs was improved from 22.2% to 46.6% with preoperative administration of testosterone.
    Fatty infiltration, mainly with triglycerides and always apparent in the remnant liver at an early period following major hepatectomy, was reduced with administration of testosterone, which also resulted in a decrease in lipid peroxide formation.
    The activity of catalase in the remnant liver markedly decreased following 84% hepatectomy, but with administration of testosterone, no significant decrease was recognized.
    Results of the present study suggest that testosterone administered prior to extended hepatectomy reduces fatty infiltraiton and may prevent injury to remnant liver cells caused by lipid peroxides and free radicals. Thus the long term prognosis is improved following 84% hepatectomy in dogs.
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  • Oxidation of 14C-labeled glucose and palmitic acid in brain microvessels isolated from rats with acute hepatic failure
    Toshiyuki NAKAMURA, Koshiro SAITO, Hisataka MORIWAKI, Yasutoshi MUTO
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 771-777
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.771
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    A study was conducted to investigate oxidation of 14C-labeled glucose and palmitic acid in brain microvessels (BMV) isolated from rats with D-galactosamine induced hepatic injury (D-Ga1N) or acute ischemic hepatic failure (AIHF). Following results were obtained:
    1) BMV isolated from D-Ga1N as well as AIHF showed significantly lower oxidation of D-(U-14C)-glucose as compared with control.
    2) BMV isolated from AIHF also showed significantly lower oxidation of (1-14C)-palmitic acid as compared with control.
    3) In BMV isolated from AIHF, uptake of 2-deoxy D-(1-14C)-glucose was rather enhanced as compared with control.
    4) Sera obtained from AIHF, in paticular a fraction with molecular weight higher than 10, 000, inhibited in vitro the oxidation of D-(U-14C)-glucose in BMV isolated from normal rats.
    In conclusion, reduction of energy metabolism in BMV is clearly demonstrated in rats with hepatic failure, and is further suggested to be presumably due to circulating toxins. Additional studies will be required to elucidate mechanism(s) that regulate a relationship between reduced energy metabolism in BMV and development of brain edema in acute hepatic failure.
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  • Clinical evaluation of plasma tissue-plasminogen activator in liver diseases
    Masao TAKATORI
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 778-785
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.778
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    The possible role of plasma tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) in patients with liver diseases was investigated. Plasma t-PA levels determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit (American Diagnostica Inc.) were significantly higher in patients with liver diseases other than chronic hepatitis than those of normal subjects. In particular, Plasma t-PA levels in decompensated liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were significantly higher than those of other various liver diseases. In 2 patients with fulminant hepatitis, t-PA levels were markedly higher than in cases of acute hepatitis. Plasma t-PA levels increased as the severity of illness increased in cases of HCC accompanied by liver cirrhosis. Bile obtained from patients with obstructive jaundice was found to contain t-PA. Bile and plasma t-PA levels both decreased following improvement of jaundice after percutaneus transhepatic cholangio drainage. Therefore it was suggested that cholestasis also induces increase of plasma t-PA levels. Since plamsa t-PA levels were related to the DD/E fraction of fibrin degradation products (D-dimer), and α2 plasmin inhibitor plasmin complex (PIC) in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation, t-PA was thought to be involved in secondary hyperfibrinolysis in these patients. These results suggested that increase of plasma t-PA levels in liver disease was induced mainly by failure of the clearance mechanism in hepato-endothelial system, moreover release of t-PA from vascular endothelial cells stimulated by intravascular coagulation and cholestasis may also be involved. In conclusion, plasma t-PA appears to be a new marker related to hepatic failure.
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  • Clinical significance of urinary EGF levels in patients with various liver diseases
    Yasuhiro HAYAKAWA, Yutaka INAGAKI, Yoshiharu MOTOO, Takeshi MORIOKA, M ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 786-791
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.786
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    In order to evaluate the clinical significance of urinary EGF in liver diseases, urinary EGF levels were determined using radioimmunoassay in 89 patients with various liver diseases and 22 healthy controls.
    Urinary EGF levels in the recovery phase of acute hepatitis were found to be significantly higher than those in healthy controls. A significant inverse correlation was observed between urinary EGF and serum total bilirubin in patients with acute hepatitis. Urinary EGF levels in patients with acute hepatitis were elevated above normal range in the course of recovery from liver injury, while it was consistently low in a patient with fulminant hepatitis who died of hepatic failure, suggesting that urinary EGF levels might reflect liver regeneratrion.
    There was no significant difference between urinary EGF levels in patients with chronic liver diseases or hepatocellular carcinoma and those in healthy controls.
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  • A case of nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) of the liver with CRST syndrome complicated by recurrent rupture of esophageal varices
    Hiroshi SERIZAWA, Kiyotaka KAMEGAYA, Yoshiki HAMADA, Akira MORITA, Kaz ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 792-800
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.792
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    A 71-year-old female was admitted to Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo General Hospital for hematemesis. Emergency endoscopy revealed ruptured esophageal varices. Liver function tests, however, were almost within normal limit. Percutaneous needle biopsy of the liver was performed, which revealed no significant changes except for a slight round cell infiltration in the portal area.
    During her 2nd admission hematemesis happened again. Exploratory laparotomy with wedge biopsy of the liver was done, revealing multiple small-sized hepatocytic nodules without encapsulation scattered throughout the liver, the findings compatible with nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver. In addition, the patient showed the physical signs of CRST syndrome with positive serological tests for antinuclear and anti-centromete antibody.
    4 cases of NRH with CRST syndrome have been found in the world literature, but none in Japanese.
    It was suggested hepatocytic nodules caused portal hypertension by increasing pre- and postsinusoidal pressure, imparing sinusoidal blood flow and compressing tributaries of hepatic veins. Immunological abnormalities may be concerned with the etiology of NRH.
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  • An autopsy case of primary biliary cirrhosis associated with hepatic nodular hyperplasia
    Masahiro ARAKAWA, Masayoshi KAGE, Toshihisa NAKAHARA, Takeo SAKISAKA, ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 801-804
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.801
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    We report an autopsy case of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) associated with hepatic nodular hyperplasia which spread extensively throughout the liver. The patient was 50-year-old female who was diagnosed as having PBC based on the liver biopsy and the demonstration of serum mitochondrial antibody, and died of respiratory failure of unknown etiology. The liver weighting 730g was atrophic, but lacked a macroscopic feature of iver cirrhosis. The cut surface showed numerous whitish nodules consisting of the hyperplastic hepatocytes. Autopsy also revealed slightly developed esophageal varices and splenomegaly, and a histological examination of the liver revealed narrowing and occlusion of the peripheral portal vein. These findings suggested that circular disturbance of the intra-hepatic portal vein which might cause portal hypertension played a role in the formation of hepatic nodules. No autopsy case of PBC with hepatic nodular hyperplasia has been reported, while Nakanuma reported nodular hyperplasia in 9 of 26 cases of early PBC through the histological examination of wedge liver biopsy.
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  • A case of Gilbert's disease with constitutional excretory defect of ICG
    Masami MINEUMURA, Keiichi AOYAMA, Toshifumi YASUYAMA, Akihiro NOZAWA, ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 805-810
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.805
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    We reported as case of Gilbert's disease with constitutional excretory defect of ICG and normal BSP excretion. 35-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with chief complaint of jaundice. Laboratory findings showed no hepatic disorder except unconjugatd hyperbilirubinemia (T-Bil: 3.3mg/dl, ID-Bil: 2.4mg/dl) and marked retardation of ICG excretion (ICG R15: 77.5%). Various imaging diagnostics and histological findings revealed no remarkable changes. The nicotinic acid loading test showed a characteristic increased and prolonged reaction of ID-Bilirubin. The disappearance rate of ICG (KICG) was rather low (0.014min-1), compared to the rates reported in Gilbert's disease. A straight line of the disappearance curve suggested that the patient had defect of ICG uptake in the hepatocytes. Only 11 cases have been reported in Japan, including our case, and we discussed the metabolism of the coloring substances.
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  • Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) for large hepatoma: Report of 2 cases
    Motoshige SHIMIZU, Masashi UNOURA, Kenichi KOBAYASHI, Nobu HATTORI, Ry ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 811-818
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.811
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    Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) was performed in two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and discussed the efficacy and problems of PEIT to large HCC by the pathological findings. A total of 130ml ethanol was injected by seventeen times injections for HCC with 7cm in diameter, and a total of 60ml ethanol was injected by 8 times injections of HCC with 8cm in diameter. In both cases almost complete necrosis of the tumor was obtained, but intra and extra capsular invasion was observed only at the site where the capsule contacted with the remaining tumor, and so the pathological findings of the cut-surface of case 1 were estimated tw (-) although the operative findigns showed TW (+). No recurrence has been appeared for one year after the operation in both cases. Otherwise though there remained the problem not to be able to recognize the area where the tumor cells were remained by USG, the enhanced ultrasonography by carbon dioxide microbubble injection into hepatic artery seemed to be useful. From these findings it was suggested that PEIT could be a kind of effective and or preoperative therapy for large HCC with 7-8cm in diameter.
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  • Production of fetal bile acids in the liver of patients with congenital biliay atresia
    Yoshinobu HATA, Fumiaki SASAKI, Takeshi ABE, Hiromi HAMADA, Hajime TAM ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 819-820
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.819
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  • DNA modification by mitomycin C in cancer patients detected by 32P-postlabeling analysis
    Shunji KATO, Masahiko ONDA, Takashi TAJIRI, Akira TOKUNAGA, Deog Young ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 821-822
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.821
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 823
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.823
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 824
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.824
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1989 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 825
    Published: July 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.30.825
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