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Volume 22, Issue 8
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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I) Intracellular Distribution of Dipicolinic Acid in Cells during SporulationChikataro KAWASAKI, Masaomi KONDO, Tsutomu NISHIHARA1967 Volume 22 Issue 8 Pages 463-467
Published: August 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntracellular distribution of dipicolinic acid (DPA) during sporulation was studied by using a strain of B. subtilis. In the initial stage of sporulation, DPA was detectable only in the soluble fraction and the content rapidly decreased with increase in the content of DPA in the residue fraction. In contrast, no DPA was detectable in the supernatant derived from the cells in the stage of maximal sporulation.
When the matured spores were mechanically disrupted for a relatively short time, it was found that DPA could easily be released from the matured spores and the kinetic pattern of the release was not parallel with the release of protein and nucleic acid from the spores. On the distribution of DPA in the disintegrated spores, it was also found that this compound is mostly detected in the residual supernatant after ammonium sulfate fractionation.
From these results, it was suggested that DPA may be mainly synthesized outside the forespore and then accumulated inside the spore coat in a free from or at least in a loosely bound form.View full abstractDownload PDF (583K) -
Chikataro KAWASAKI, Masaomi KONDO, Kunikazu TESHIMA1967 Volume 22 Issue 8 Pages 468-471
Published: August 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSForespores of B. subtilis were isolated from the sporangium by lysozyme treatment and the biological nature was compared with those of vegetative cells and mature spores. Isolated forespores could form colonies on nutrient agar plate. The forespores were resistant to the action of lysozyme and antibiotics but they were not resistant to heat treatment at 80C for 30min. UV killing curve of forespores showed the different pattern from those of vegetative cells and mature spores.View full abstractDownload PDF (421K) -
Tsuneo KINOSHITA, Masahiro NAKAMURA1967 Volume 22 Issue 8 Pages 472-477
Published: August 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt might be presumed that one of the possible etiologies of diarrhoe caused by non-pathogenic bacterial substance would be that some kind of enterobacteria of bacterial flora in intestinal tract absorbs VB12 which is necessary for digestion, prior to combination with intrinsic factor. Therefore, absorption conditions of VB12 to the bacterial cells were studied in order to clarify a possible etiology of diarrhoe.
Several factors affecting absorption of vitamin B12 by Lactobacillus leichmannii ATCC 4797 which requires VB12 for growth were determined by radioactive measurement, comparing to VB12 non-required other lactobacilli. Whole cells and cell wall fraction were used throughout the studies. The results obtained were as follows.
1. VB12 were absorbed specifically to the whole cell and cell wall of L. leichmannii for very short time and at low temperature, however, there was no complete relationship of absorption rate between dosage of vitamin B12 and numbers of bacterial cells.
2. Properties of VB12 absorption by cell wall were somewhat different from that by whole cells. These differences might be due to different characteristic of inner side of cell wall from out side of the cell.
3. Absorption of VB12 by the bacteria were inhibited by heating at 100°C, by treatment with formalin, ethanol and chloroform, and by digestion with trypsin, lipase as well as amylase, but were markedly stimulated by digestion with papain.
4. VB12 absorption to the cell wall was significantly stimulated in the presence of salts, whereas there were no effects of salts in the cases of whole cells.
5. No specific absorption of VB12 by VB12 non-required strain of lactobacilli occurred, even if the bacilli were administered by various treatments which might possibly convert from VB12 insusceptible cells to susceptible ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (723K) -
Kenji HARADA, Susumu SHIGEHARA, Mitsuo KAMEDA, Tatsuo MATSUYAMA1967 Volume 22 Issue 8 Pages 478-481
Published: August 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn june, 1966, there was an outbreak of a water-borne epidemic of bacillary dysentery, in 4 areas of a city in Gunma Prefecture. The prevalence began on June 22 and came to an end on July 9, and 455 patients were detected. All of the isolated strains from patients were identified as Shigella sonnei phase 1, Col type 6 and 92.4% of which were tetracycline (TC) factors.
The four epidemic areas were supplied with two systems of public water derived from two wells independently. The two wells were located closely, 29m apart from each other. The wells were contaminated by sewage whic had leaked out from a sewer pipe, and this was considered as the cause of water-borne bacillary dysentery.
The water from the supplying system which was suggested to be contaminated, was collected out at various time, and was examined bacteriologically. In the cause of sampling, it was able to isolated two cultures of Shigella sonnei phase 1, Col type 6 with R (TC) factor from 100ml of a sample which was collected 5 days before the outbreak. From other samples were detected Escherichia coli but not dysenteric bacilli.
In the previous records of outbreak of water-borne disease, their nature and causation are not always clear. And the causative bacteria could not be confirmed directly from the comtaminated water.
As is apparent in this report, the authers were able to detect Shigella sonnei from the water supply which was the cause of water-borne bacillary dysentery, and proved that the characters of isolated strains from patients and that from water were identical.View full abstractDownload PDF (501K) -
Part 1. Results with a wild strain of M. leprae obtained in JapanYoshiyasu MATSUO, Yoshihiro NAKUSA1967 Volume 22 Issue 8 Pages 482-489
Published: August 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors observed a limited multiplication of acid-fast bacilli in mouse foot-pads inoculated with Mycobacterium leprae from an untreated patient with lepromatous leprosy in this country. There was no evidence of bacillary increase in any of the mice inoculated with a heat-killed suspension. Nor were any macroscopically visible changes noted. The acid-fast bacilli in the inoculum and the harvest were transferred to Ogawa's egg media, and incubated at 33°C and 37°C. The cultures were negative, eliminating the possibility of superinfection by culturable mycobacteria. Subcutaneous inoculations of mice in the abdomen did not produce any lesions, indicating that Mycobacterium lepraemurium, a known unculturable mycobacterium, did not exist in the inoculum and the harvest. There was an arrest in the multiplication of the bacilli at about 105 to 106 per foot-pad. These findings were compatible with those of Shepard and others, who recently reported degrees of successful transmission of leprosy to mice. It is likely that the authors isolated a strain of M. leprae in mouse foot-pads. The viability of M. leprae was not affected by freezing and storing at -30°C for 18 days.View full abstractDownload PDF (1113K) -
I. Introduction and Enriching CultivationZensaku YOSHII, Tomoyasu HARADA, Yoko TSUBOTA, Masato SASAKI, Denichi ...1967 Volume 22 Issue 8 Pages 490-499
Published: August 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThiamine decomposing bacilli are called as Aneurinase (An)-bacilli, because of their aneurinase (thiaminase) production. They are frequently isolated from human, animal feces and soil.
Although the detection methods of these bacilli have been reported by many workers, their procedures are very complicated and the techniques are not only difficult but also low efficient. Then, simplifying of the methods have been attempted by the authors and the results obtained are as follows:
1). Enriching media were devised. These liquid media, consisting of yeast extract, sodium thioglycolate and others, were very excellent on the multiplication of An-bacilli and thiaminase production, in both aerobic and anaerobic cultivations. Besides, they showed a usefulness at the An-test, being the slightness of blind fluorescent substances in the remaining thiamine assay by using the simple method which was created by the authors.
2.) Three times successive enriching cultivation were employed and the An-test was carried out at the second time, and the third was prepared as a spare.
3). Cultural condition was decided into the unity at 37°C for 4 days.Thus, the simplifying of the enrichment culture method of An-bacilli has been succeeded, and a higher efficiency and the preciseness, as compared with the old method, have been demonstrated. Furthermore, matters that demand special attention were also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1334K) -
Mamoru KASHIWAZAKI, Shigeo NAMIOKA, Yoji AKAIKE1967 Volume 22 Issue 8 Pages 500-504
Published: August 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing a culture of Lactobacillus which was isolated from a healthy piglet, and a non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli, a duocontamination experiments in gnotobiotic pigs were carried out. The results obtained are follows.
1. When Lactobacillus administered orally at 104 cells per dose to germ-free pigs at 7 days of age, a population of 109 lactobacilli per gram of feces within 48 hours after inoculation were established. Since then feces were constantly occupied by 109 lactobacilli (Fig. 1-2).
2. Five days after the inoculation, 104 Escherichia organisms administered orally to the lactobacilli monocontaminated pigs. Escherichia coli propergated in the intestinal tract, rapidly in a population of 1010 cells in feces within 24 hours after reinoculation (Fig. 1-2).
3. The bacterial counts were observed in various parts of intestinal contents of the 14-day-old pigs which were ducontaminated with Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli. There were 108-9 lactobacilli and 107 Esceerichia organisms in the upper level of the intestinal tract, while 109 lactobacilli and 1010 Escherichia were observed in the low level of the intestinal tract. Two bacterial species between Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli were to be symbiosis in the intestinal tract of the gnotobiotic pigs (Fig. 3-4).
4. No signs of illness such as diarrhea were observed in the gnotobiotic pigs after oral administration of Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli. There was no mucous substance nor undigestiable contents in any part of the intestinal tract.View full abstractDownload PDF (695K)
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