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Volume 27, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Rintaro NAKAYA, Masanosuke YOSHIKAWA, Nobuichi GOTO1972 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 5-26
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Takako SHINODA1972 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 27-34
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom 8 strains of Candida, C. albicans A-I, C. albicans A-II, C. albicans B, C. tropicalis, C. stellatoidea, C. guilliermondii, C. parakrusei, and C. krusei, polysaccharides were extracted with hot aqueous alkali and purified by the precipitation with Fehling solution.
The purified polysaccharides from all the strains were found to consist solely of mannose. The purified mannan from each strain was examined for a proton magnetic resonance spectrum, which was recorded on a 60MHz-spectrometer, and for a gel-diffusion precipitation pattern against antisera to the Candida strains. The results of both examinations indicated that the mannans obtained from the Candida strains could be classified into 3 groups on the basis of the difference in chemical structure. The first group comprised C. albicans A-I, C. albicans A-II, C. tropicalis, and C. guilliermondii, the second group C. albicans B, C. stellatoidea, and C. parakrusei, and the third group C. krusei. Therefore, the proton magnetic resonance spectrum of Candida mannan was found to have a close relationship to immunological specificity.View full abstractDownload PDF (4575K) -
III. The O Grouping TestYuji TERADA, Yutaka YOKOO1972 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 35-41
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Immunizing and reacting O antigen of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was prepared in the following manner: Organisms were grown on nutrient agar containing 3% sodium chloride and incubated at 37 C overnight. They were harvested and suspended to the final concentration of about 10mg/ml in 3% sodium chloride solution containing 5% glycerol. The cell suspension was heated at 120 C for one hour or longer and then centrifuged. After centrifugation, the resulting supernatant was discarded and the packed cells were then resuspended in 1% sodium chloride solution.
2. By the cross-agglutination and agglutinin-absorption tests, it was proved that the major antigen of O group 12 was identical with that of O group 10, but that the minor antigens were not. Therefore, O group 12 proposed by Miwatani et al, should be excluded from the antigenic schema of Vibrio parahaemolyticus at present.
3. A total of 166 cultures of Vibrio parahaemolyticus which had been isolated from human patients and sea fishes were studied with O grouping antisera prepared by the authors. From the results of this study, it was found that all the cultures could be typed serologically into eleven O groups.
4. For the serological typing of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the O grouping test should be used together with the K antigen test.
5. The K antigen of Vibrio parahaemolyticus seemed to be of the same character as the A type antigen of Escherichi coli named by Kauffmann and Knipschildt.View full abstractDownload PDF (850K) -
I. Electron-microscopic Observation on Reconstructed PiliSankichi HORIUCHI1972 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 43-46
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purified common pili of Shigella flexneri were disintegrated into their subunit, pilin, by heat treatment under acidic conditions. From the pilin solution thus obtained, the common pili were reconstructed by adding such salts as NaCl, KCl, and MgCl2. It was demonstrated, however, by electron microscopy that there were more or less structural differences in the three-dimensional appearance of the reconstructed pili among the salts used, of which KCl revealed the most satisfactory effect.View full abstractDownload PDF (5669K) -
I. Changes in Biologic and Enzymatic Activities of Snake Venoms on Long Standing at Room TemperatureHisayoshi SUGIHARA, Toshiaki NIKAI, Masanori MORIURA, Kazuhito KAMIYA, ...1972 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 47-57
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVenom samples were collected from several poisonous snakes, such as Bungarus multicinctus, Trimeresurus gramineus, Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus, Trimeresurus flavoviridis, and Agkistrodon acutus, and stored in a desiccator at room temperature for 25 to 31 years. Then they were compared with fresh venoms obtained from the same species as to their lethal, hemorrhagic, and enzymologic activities.
Of the venoms of the five different snakes, the venom of A. acutus was proved to be generally stable in all respects. The venom of T. flavoviridis, in contrast, was the least in all these activities and showed a tendency to diminish progressively in activity on standing.
Except the venom of B. multicinctus stored at usual temperature over 31 years, all the venom samples showed a remarkably stable 5'-nucleotidase activity, which was observed to have hardly diminished during storage over a quarter of a century. NADase and ATPase followed 5'-nucleotidase in this respect.
A substantial decrease occurred in the L-amino acid oxidase activity of snake venoms on standing, indicating a considerable lability of venoms in this regard. The venoms also showed a tendency for their glycerophosphatase and hemorrhagic activities to decrease in association with the length of preservation at room temperature. All the venoms were also noticed to lose their lethal activity or neurotoxicity gradually when preserved for a long time. These results suggest a relative lability of venoms as to causing deaths.
The findings mentioned above indicate that the stability of enzyme proteins of the venom varies in degree with the species of snake; that is, different venoms showed different rates of diminution in enzymologic activity on standing for a long time.
There were no species of snakes which had any clearly noticeable venom activity that would show a significant decrease in correlation with the diminution of lethal activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1206K) -
Hisashi OHKUNI, Hiroshi KONNO, Hiroaki SHIMIZU, Yoshitami KIMURA, Yohz ...1972 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 59-65
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith fluorescein-labelled antibodies specific for group A streptococcal cell wall antigens, the localization and persistence were studied in mice sensitized by a single intraperitoneal injection of cell walls or their fragments of group A streptococcal type 5. The presence of C-carbohydrate and peptidoglycan was demonstrated in the reticuloendothelial system, kidney, and heart of the mice for 45 days. Mice injected with pronase-treated cell walls, developed carditis accompanied by the degeneration of muscle fibers and granuloma formation in the interstitium of muscles between 10 and 15 days after injection. No cell wall antigens, however, were observed in any cardiac lesion. Furthermore, neither antibodies could be detected from any cardiac lesion by the indirect fluorescein antibody technique nor humoral antibodies by the precipitating reaction with C-carbohydrate or peptidoglycan. From these results it was suggested that the cardiac lesions of the mice might have been caused by the direct toxicity of the C-carbohydrate-peptidoglycan complex contained in group A streptococcal type 5 organisms.View full abstractDownload PDF (8897K) -
1972 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 67-81
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1972 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 83-98
Published: January 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2279K) -
1972 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 98
Published: 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (63K)
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