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Volume 26, Issue 11
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Ryohei KOJIMA1971 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 533-536
Published: November 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was evidenced that fatty acid-trehalose ester derived from Arthrobacter had a slight anti-Ehrlich ascites tumor activity, and that fatty acid-trehalose ester from Arthrobacter and also from Nocardia had a strong inhibiting activity upon Sa-180 solid tumor in mice.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
Masahiro NAKAMURA, Mitsuko SASAKI1971 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 537-542
Published: November 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome H37 Rv and H37 Ra strains of human-type tubercle bacilli were supplied by the Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University; the Research Institute for Tuberculosis and Leprosy, Tohoku University; and the National Institute of Health, Japan. They were inoculated to Ogawa acid egg-solid medium at pH 4.5 in order to differentiate an avirulent strain from a virulent one of humantype tubercle bacilli in vitro. Tentatively, strains which grew well on the acid egg medium were referred to as as+ (no acid-sensitive) ones, and those which could not grow on the same medium as as- strains.
1. When three H37 Rv strains were made into crude bacillary suspensions and inoculated, all of them grew well on the acid egg medium, whereas three H37 Ra strains did not grow on this medium. In other words, the former were as+ and the latter as-. Therefore, it is evident that avirulent strains of human-type tubercle bacilli may easily and certainly be distinguished from virulant ones in vitro by the aid of as marker.
2. It was found, however, that the H37 Rv strain contained an as- population at the rate of 10% and the H37 Ra strain an as+ population at the rate of 40%.
3. From among the H37 Rv and H37 Ra strains, one colony each having typical properties characteristic of the respective strain was selected. This colony was cloned further into 50 colonies. Fifty colonies of each strain were examined by the aid of as marker. Consequently, it was demonstrated that colonies having as- marker were present in the typical H37 Rv colony selected at the rate of 6%, and that the colonies obtained from the H37 Ra strain which had been regarded as a typical one contained an as+ population at the rate of 8%.
4. On the other hand, colonies selected from among the H37 Rv and H37 Ra strains and having a typical characteristics contained an as+ population at the rate of 92% and no as- population, respectively.
From the results mentioned above, it is presumed that the fundamental properties of the H37 Rv and H37 Ra strains may commonly be as+, although the phenotypes of the H37 Rv and H37 Ra strains are as+ and as-, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (2881K) -
III. Immuno-serological Relationships among Various Types of ColicinMitsuhiro ISHIKURA, Hirohide KODAMA, Kentaro KUBOTA1971 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 543-552
Published: November 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is the aim of this part of studies to clarify the immuno-serological relationships among various types of colicin which were introduced originally by Abbott and Shannon in 1958. The following results were obtained.
1. Colicin-neutralizing antibodies were detected in anticolicin rabbit sera only when the immunogens (9-hour culture filtrates of colicin-producing strains inoculated in brain-heart infusion broth supplemented with yeast extracts) used had a colicin activity of 128 dilution units (D.U.) or more. Colicin-producing strains of types 2, 3A, 7, and 11, the culture filtrates of which showed a colicin activity of only 32 D.U. or less, did not seem to elicit any detectable anti-colicin antibody.
2. The results obtained from the sensitivity pattern of each indicator strain coincided very well with those judged from the colicin-neutralizing pattern with antiserum against each colicin type. However, there seemed to be some common antigens among the members of the E sub-groups, i.e., colicins of types 9 and 12, and Escherichia coli K12-317 (E2). Therefore, no differentiation could be made between the colicin of type 12 or 10 (in relation to E) and Shigella sonnei (P9E2), nor between colicin of type 3 (in relation to X) and type 1B or 5, or E. coli K235 (all in relation to K).
3. Neither E colicins produced by S. sonnei (types 8, 9, 12, 13 and P9E2) nor E2 colicin produced by E. coli K12-317 without using ultra-violet light or mitomycin C induction seemed to have any antigen in common with their corresponding somatic O antigens.
4. Although no difference was observed in colicin-neutralizing titer between anti-colicin serum against type 1B or 5 and that against K colicin produced by E. coli K235, there was a great difference in agglutinin titer against the corresponding heat-killed bacterial cells, the titer of anti-1B or anti-5 serum being extremely low. No precipitin line was formed against the corresponding O antigen of 1B or 5 when examined by the agar-gel diffusion technique. These results suggest that K colicin of type 1B or 5 may differ in nature from that of the K group produced by E. coli K235.View full abstractDownload PDF (1088K) -
Yasuaki OSADA, Masayuki NAKAJO, Hidemasa OGAWA1971 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 553-562
Published: November 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAscending urinary infection was established in female guinea pigs by intravesical inoculation with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Guinea pigs were intravesically inoculated with E. coli O143, a virulent strain of “Shigella type”, suspended in saline containing 3% mucin. This substance had been known to decrease the bactericidal activity of macrophages and to make it easy to retain organisms on the vesical mucosa. The guinea pigs were restrained from drinking water over a period from 2 days before to 1 day after infection in order to minimize the excretion of the inoculated organisms into the urine. They were injected subcutaneously with 5mg of cortisone acetate per head for 4 consecutive days before and after infection. The walls of the bladder and ureter became swollen extensively due to edema. Histologically, they showed a severe inflammatory reaction associated with necrosis of the mucosa. The renal pelvis was also frequently affected, but both cortical and medullaly layers were intact. A large number of organisms were recovered from the bladder and kidney on the 3rd day of infection, by which time gross severe lesions had developed in the bladder and ureter. Thereafter either the number of organisms recovered or the severity of gross lesions decreased day by day. In fluorescent antibody staining preparation, bacilli were predominantly found in the epithelial lining of those organs. On the other hand, such avirulent strains of enteropathogenic “Shigella type” E. coli as lacking in invasive capacity, and all the strains isolated from patients who had continuously been excreting E. coli at the rate of 108 or more per ml of urine failed to produce the urinary infection under the experimental conditions mentioned above. Some of them were retained in the kidneys in large numbers throughout the experimental period. In vitro study with a cell culture system revealed that these clinical isolates lacked in an ability to penetrate the epithelium.View full abstractDownload PDF (3355K) -
1971 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 563-605
Published: November 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (6714K)
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