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Volume 24, Issue 1
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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On an Accelerating Substance of Mouse Liver Cell Respiration Appeared in Circulating Blood in Rabbits after Antigen InvasionWataru SAKAMOTO, Tomiyoshi ITO, Fukuji UENOBE, Kazuaki FUJIMOTO, Akio ...1969 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
Published: January 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn adequate amount of typhoid-paratyphoid vaccine (TPV) or bovine liver lipid which had been emulsified in bovine serum was injected intravenously to rabbits of two groups two times at an interval of 4 days. After the second sensitization, it was found that a new specific substance had appeared in the circulating blood of each rabbit, and that it had accelerated the endogenous respiration of mouse liver cells remarkably under aerobic conditions.
An effective serum was used as a starting material and examined first for stability against heat, acid, and alkali and dialyzability agains semi-dialytic cellophane membrane. Then, the extraction and purification were carried out by the column-chromatographic method. In this method, the deproteinized serum filtrate was absorbed on Amberlite IR 120H+ resin with 100-200 meshes. After that, the effective substance was extracted as a single substance through the column-chromatographic fractionation by effusion of 0.1N-HCl solution. Finally, it was identified as uric acid by paper chromatography, continuous ultraviolet and infrared absorption spectra, element dialysis, and measurement of melting point. On the other hand, uric acid was compared with some metabolic intermediates of ATP, with the exception of uric acid itself, as substrates for the oxidative respiration of mouse liver homogenate or mitochondria.View full abstractDownload PDF (776K) -
Fumiko HIRAYANAGI1969 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 8-14
Published: January 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe presence of variety is well known in the biological activities or substances of Bordetella pertussis. The interrelationship between the variety and these activities, however, has not always clearly been demonstrated as yet. Some previous investigators have studied the influence of cultivating conditions on such biological activities of B. pertussis as restricted to only a few, including protective antigen and agglutinogen. The present report deals with the effects of media and cultivating conditions on such biologically active substances of B. pertussis as Agglutinogen, Histamin Sensitizing Factor (HSF), Adjuvant Effect, Lymphocytosis Promoting Factor (LPF), Protective Antigen, and Mouse Body Weight Decreasing Factor (BWD).
The 18323 strain of B. pertussis was cultivated on Bordet-Gengou (BG) medium containing 15% bovine blood at 22°C and 35°C, on modified Cohen-Wheeler medium with no addition of blood, and on Eugon medium containing 15% bovine blood. Then these four lots of whole cell vaccines were examined for biological activities.
It was confirmed that the vaccines prepared from the cells grown on BG-22°C, Cohen-Wheeler, and Eugon media had lost agglutinogen, protective antigen, HSF, adjuvant effect, and LPF to various extents, but that in them more potent BWD had remained than in the BG-35°C vaccine which retained the activities mentioned above. This suggests that BWD may have been produced from what is different from any other activity or substance of B. pertussis.View full abstractDownload PDF (735K) -
Osamu SAKAGUCHI, Katsushi YOKOTA1969 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 15-21
Published: January 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies were made on the characteristics of crude toxin produced in the culture filtrate and cells of Aspergillus fumigatus, as compared with extracts of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum.
(1) Mouse lethality, hemolyticity and dermonecrosis were demonstrated in crude toxic fractions isolated from the cells and culture filtrate of A. fumigatus by a mild method, but not in the purified galactomannan and lipopolysaccharide fraction from the same organism. The fractions isolated from P. chrysogenum by the similar method had an exceedingly weak toxicity. No fractions from A. niger possessed such biological activity at all.
(2) After treatment with formalin or phenol, the toxic fraction of A. fumigatus decreased in activity in mouse lethality and hemolyticity to a large extent, and in dermonecrosis to 50%.
(3) A. fumigatus toxin was neutralized, to the same extent, by antiserum obtained against the toxin or toxoid. The fractions of P. chrysogenum showed a weak cross-reactivity to antiserum against A. fumigatus.
(4) In the crude toxic fraction of A. fumigatus, there were such enzyme activities as amylase, gelatinase, caseinase, collagenase, acid phosphatase, ATPase, and hyaluronidase.View full abstractDownload PDF (862K) -
Toshihiko KAWAKITA, Kaneo HAYASHI, Takuya WATANABE, Seiichi MURAKAMI1969 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 22-27
Published: January 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA kind of microorganisms was isolated from the homogenized fluid of silkworm larvae infected with so-called infectious flacherie. It was identified as Mycoplasma. The isolate was examined for morphological characteristics, biological properties, and infectivity. The microorganism isolated formed minute semispherical colonies on Hofstad's medium. A fine polymorphic structure was observed in it under the electron microscope. The microorganism required no serum for its growth, had no ability to decompose any carbohydrate or reduce methylene blue, and was gamma-hemolytic for horse erythrocytes. It was obscure if it reduced blue tetrazolium. The isolate was pathogenic for silkworm larvae, which showed a chronic symptom after a considerably long period of incubation.
The infectivity titer to newly-hatched larvae was 4 to 5. By per os infection, young larvae were susceptible to the isolated Mycoplasma. With the advance in development of the instar, however, the larvae decreased considerably in susceptibility; that is, the fourth instar larvae showed a markedly weaker susceptibility than any of the first to third instar larvae, but the fifth instar larvae and pupae failed to show any susceptibility.
In silkworm larvae clinically infected with this Mycoplasma, multiplication of the microorganism was observed in the epithelium of the alimentary canal. It was found that no repeated transmissions had lowered the pathogeniciey of this microorganism.View full abstractDownload PDF (3744K) -
Keiichi KAKUSUI1969 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 28-36
Published: January 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy using the immune electrophoresis method, analysis was made on Wassermann's reagin refined from the sera of syphilitic patients at different stages. Investigation was also made on changes in the time process of antibody distribution. The results obtained are summarized as follows.
1) In Ig-G, Wassermann's reagin had an activity in all stages of syphilis. In Ig-M, however, an activity on syphilis was observed only in the early stage. From then on and after the third stage, all sera were inactive. It should be noted that activity was recognized also in Ig-A from the early stage, and that it was absent only in the fourth stage of syphilis.
2) By inoculating the Nichols strain of Treponema pallidum into the testicular parenchyma, syphilis was established experimentally in adult rabbits. Then the VDRL test, Wassermann Ogata method, and RPCF and FTA tests were performed on these rabbits. All the tests were compared with regard to the appearance-time of reaction. As a result, the FTA test brought about positive results four days after the inoculation. The RPCF test gave rise to a positive reaction six to eight days after the inoculation. The positive reaction to the VDRL test and Ogata method occurred eight to ten days after the inoculation.
3) The FTA titer was resorbed by VDRL-antigen, but it did not decrease. In conclusion, FTA and RPCF antibodies were considered to be entirely different from each other.View full abstractDownload PDF (6700K) -
1969 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 37-65
Published: January 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (4410K) -
1969 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 66-82
Published: January 25, 1969
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2485K)
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