地理科学

本稿の目的は,静岡県富士地域の衛生用紙産地を事例に,産地企業の存立形態からみた生産流通構造の変化とその要因・背景を明らかにすることである。企業の存立形態は4つに類型化でき,個別企業の事例を通して,生産流通構造の変化とその要因・背景を明らかにした。生産流通構造の変化の第1は,生産の集約化である。1990年代以降,企業の廃業・倒産が進んだ一方で,これを契機に有力企業は合併・系列化を進展させた。第2に,直販の増加があげられる。これは有力企業による販売体制の整備や量販店との取引の増加が要因である。第3に,産地外企業とのつながりの強化があげられる。産地外企業との系列化・業務提携に加え,産地外企業の製造子会社として存立する企業もみられる。また近年では,産地企業による企業内国際分業の構築がみられるが,依然として産地内での生産が重視されている。これは,衛生用紙の製品特性に加え,富士地域における立地の優位性が産地維持要因として大きく働いているためである。

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This paper aims to explore through an Internet-based questionnaire survey why Koreans agree to the strict preservation policies for wetlands. Compared with our previous survey in Japan (Asano et al., 2013a), it is pointed out that the level of awareness of the Ramsar sites among Koreans is not so different from Japan, i.e. generally low. In Korea, however, there are some cases that have succeeded in mobilizing the wetland as tourism resources after the Ramsar site designation, such as Suncheon Bay and Upo Wetland. In general, Koreans show a stronger intention to visit Ramsar sites than Japanese. Moreover, they have more diverse interests in activities at Ramsar sites than the Japanese. Koreans tend to prefer outdoor activities at Ramsar sites. Successful experiences in using the Ramsar designation for tourism promotion as well as popular interest in visiting the Ramsar sites might be some of the reasons that make local governments in Korea consider the Ramsar convention as a tool for regional development, especially tourism development. These factors might also help local governments to facilitate strict regulations for the conservation of wetlands. As a result, the Ramsar Convention is perceived as a system for tourism development, a policy for improvement of local livelihood, and even a symbol or pride for locals. On the other hand, in the survey, those respondents who are interested in visiting Ramsar sites perceive them as a system for natural conservation. But they also regard Ramsar sites as a symbol and/or pride of each region. All these factors help the Ramsar Convention to be perceived positively, resulting in reduced potential for conflicts among locals.

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Peripheral areas such as mountainous areas and islands have large portions of land unsuitable for human habitation. In consideration of this fact, in this paper, two methods for improving the usability of small-area statistics are proposed. Additionally, their effectiveness is illustrated by applying them to Dogo, Shimane prefecture. First, I propose a technique called the Clipping Method (CM) for enhancing accuracy and resolution in visualization of small-scale statistics. In Japan, the concept of the inhabitable area (IA/Kajyuchi) is used extensively in government statistics and policies. IA is defined operationally as an area excluding forest and water areas (over 1 km^2). Recently, the National Land Numerical Information System, which is serviced by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, started to provide Geographic Information System (GIS) data freely. By using these data, I clipped IA data from various statistics on individual aggregation areal block territories. Furthermore, I excluded blocks with no buildings in topographic maps, following the Arai and Koike (2000) method. Next, I suggested a method called IA-Based Comparability Judging (IBCJ) to judge the comparability of aggregation areal blocks of different statistics in terms of IA sharing. Assuming inhabitants reside only in IAs, different aggregation areas including the same IAs as comparable regardless of correspondence between their territories. The application of these methods in Dogo clearly displayed their effectiveness. A dot map of population distribution after CM processing gave accurate and high-resolution figures of land alterations and population changes. IBCJ greatly enlarged the feasibility of sub-municipal scale comparison. In the case of Dogo, IBCJ enabled comparative analysis of population changes between core and peripheral areas of each municipality.

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