Japanese Journal of Phytopathology
Online ISSN : 1882-0484
Print ISSN : 0031-9473
ISSN-L : 0031-9473
Volume 45, Issue 3
Displaying 1-22 of 22 articles from this issue
  • Yoshio HISADA, Hirokazu TAKAKI, Yasuo KAWASE, Tosiaki OZAKI
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 283-290
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Under laboratory conditions, procymidone-resistant strains of Botrytis cinerea frequently emerged from both the conidia and the mycelia without UV irradiation or the treatment with other mutagenic agents, but no benomyl-resistant strain from the conidia. Contrarily, B. cinerea on rose plants in a greenhouse remained sensitive to procymidone even after spraying the fungicide 19 times during 3 years, but became highly resistant to benomyl after spraying the fungicide only 5 times. Procymidone-resistant strains obtained in vitro were inferior to the parent strain in their ability of sporulation and virulence. Resistant strain R-22 with relatively high virulence had a greatly reduced chance of survival in competition on the plant with the parent strain. The results suggest that procymidone resistance may be accompanied by decreased fitness and virulence, and resistant strains might be retarded or prevented from becoming dominant in the population in the field. Also, it can be concluded that laboratory experiments are quite limited to immediate indication of practical importance of fungicide resistance.
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  • Teiichi FUKAMI
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 291-298
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Rice callus tissues were induced from four rice cultivar's sprouts (Kinmaze, Kogyoku, Te-tep, and Waseaikoku No.3). It was observed that these calli secreted high molecular weight antibiotic components against Xanthomomas oryzae into the medium during their growth, when the bacterial growth was tested on the agar medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The influences of addition of plant hormones to Murashige-Skoog's medium on growth of the rice calli and on secretion of the antibiotic component from the callus tissues were examined after incubation for 3 weeks at 27C. Callus tissues of Kinmaze and Kogyoku secreted relatively small amounts of the antibiotic component when they grew on the medium with added low concentration (0.05ppm or less) of plant hormones (IAA, 2, 4-D, NAA or kinetin). However, the antibiotic activity in the culture media of Kinmaze and Kogyoku callus tissues increased almost as much as that found in the media of Te-tep and Waseaikoku No.3 callus tissues, when they grew on the media supplemeted with higher concentration (0.5 to 20ppm) of 2, 4-D. On the other hand, the degree of secretion of the active component from Te-tep or Waseaikoku No.3 callus tissues was relatively high even when they grew on the medium contained low concentration (0.05ppm or less) of plant hormones, and was mostly 10 to 100 times as much as that from Kinmaze or Kogyoku when they grew on the medium with added higher concentration of IAA, NAA or kinetin. The antibiotic component seemed to be one of IAA oxidizing enzymes, because it was a high molecular weight substance of around 32, 000 daltons, it required Mn++ as a cofactor, and the activity was stimulated by addition of monohydric phenol.
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  • Toru SHIMOMURA
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 299-304
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    When the lower leaves of Samsun NN tobacco were inoculated with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and were kept at 20C for 12-14 days under continuous light, callose accumulation of the wound leaf surfaces in the non-inoculated upper leaves was stimulated. Challenge-inoculation with TMV to the upper leaves 10-14 days after the first inoculation resulted in the limited lesion formation; the diameter of lesions was much smaller than those on control plants. Heavy callose deposition could be detected around the tiny lesions formed on the leaves showing acquired resistance. The relation between the limited expansion of lesion and the accumulation of callose in the resistant leaves is discussed.
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  • Takken MATUO, Akira TOOYAMA, Makoto ISAKA
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 305-312
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The outbreak and symptom of Fusarium basal rot of Allium bakeri Regel and the result of taxonomic study of its causal fungus were described. A new forma specialis, Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f. sp. allii, was proposed for the fungus on the morphological and cultural characters and the specialized pathogenicity to Allium bakeri Regel.
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  • Raphanus sativus L.
    Tomohide NATSUAKI, Shuichi YAMASHITA, Yoji DOI, Kiyoshi YORA
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 313-320
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Radish yellow edge virus (RYEV), a seed-borne small spherical virus, was newly recognized in young seedlings of Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus L.). RYEV particles of about 30nm in diameter were detected in negatively stained dip preparations from infected seedlings, but a few in number. RYEV was transmitted through seed, and the virus was detected in 80-100% of young seedlings from seeds of all the six cultivars examined. RYEV-infected seedlings usually showed no symptoms, but sometimes showed mild symptoms of yellow edge and dwarfing in their lower leaves. The virus was not transmitted by sap inoculation to Japanese radish, turnip, cabbage, tobacco (cv. Samsun), Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, and Gomphrena globosa. The virus was purified by chloroform clarification and three cycles of differential centrifugation followed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The purified preparation showed an UV absorption spectrum characteristic of a nucleoprotein. The sedimentation coefficient of the virus measured by analytical centrifugation was about 118S. In thin sections of RYEV-infected leaves, virus particles were observed only in cells of vascular bundles. Inclusion bodies (viroplasms) containing RYEV particles were observed in the cytoplasm of phloem parenchyma cells. Virus particles were observed inside and outside the viroplasms. Phloem necrosis could not be found. Small aggregates of virus particles were also observed in the cytoplasm and plasmo-desmata of phloem parenchyma cells, and in xylem vessels. Virus particles similar to those of RYEV were detected in apparently healthy seedlings from seeds of carrot, spinach, leaf beet (Beta vulgaris var. cicla) and table beet (B. vulgaris var. esculenta cv. Detroit Dark Red).
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  • 3. Inheritance of Resistance of Newly-Discovered Wase Aikoku Group Varieties in Japanese Native Varieties to Bacterial Groups I, II and III of Xanthomonas oryzae (Uyeda et Ishiyama) Dowson
    Toshiaki YAMADA, Osamu HORINO, Shiro SAMOTO
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 321-325
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The inheritance of resistance to three different pathotypes, groups I, II, III, of Xanthomonas oryzae (Uyeda et Ishiyama) Dowson in three Japanese native varieties, Mimigura Mochi, Kurokara and Kuromochi, was studied. These three varieties were found to belong to Wase Aikoku group. To check up the testing conditions adopted in this experiment, we examined the relationship between disease index number of an individual plant at two weeks and that at three weeks after inoculation and also examined the relationship between disease index number of the two leaves of a plant inoculated with a bacterial isolate. Two fully developed leaves of an adult plant grown in the experiment paddy field were used for inoculation of each isolate. The isolates of X. oryzae used were T7174 for group I, T7147 for group II and T7133 for group III. Two weeks after the inoculation scoring was made according to the standard proposed by Ezuka and Horino and the scoring was made again at three weeks after the inoculation. The reaction was considered as S (susceptible) when the disease index number was over 2.0, while considered as R (resistant) when it was 2.0 and below. The resistance degree of tested plants was accurately enabled to evaluate on the basis of the mean value of the disease index number of two leaves per plant at two weeks after inoculation. The study of F1 and F2 populations of crosses between resistant varieties and the susceptible variety Toyonishiki revealed that resistance to those three pathotypes in Mimigura Mochi, Kurokara and Kuromochi was under completely dominant monogenic control. Evidence from allele tests with the already-known gene for resistance indicated that the resistance of Kurokara and Kuromochi was also controled by Xa-w or, if not so, another gene linked very closely with Xa-w.
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  • Hitoshi KUNOH, James R. AIST, Herbert W. Israel
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 326-332
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Conidia of Erysiphe graminis hordei usually produce multiple germ tubes on epidermal cells of barley coleoptiles. Primary germ tubes precede appressorial germ tubes by several hours and ordinarily send penetration pegs into the host cell walls, eliciting papilla formation. We investigated by interference contrast microscopy the in vivo time courses of selected events from 0 to 24hr after inoculation to determine whether or not host responses to primary germ tubes might influence the penetration efficiency of the appressoria that subsequently develop from appressorial germ tubes. Cytoplasmic aggregates were associated with 86% of the primary germ tubes, and appressorial germ tubes emerged from 88% of those conidia that had primary germ tubes. In only 16.5% of the conidia with mature appressoria did the appressoria produce haustoria in the absence of cytoplasmic aggregates below the primary germ tubes. Whenever cytoplasmic aggregates were associated with primary germ tubes, these aggregates always preceded the development of appressoria from appressorial germ tubes of the same conidia. For time course analyses, conidia that attempted penetrations from appressoria were divided into groups defined by the timing of primary germ tube-associated cytoplasmic aggregate initiation and termination, appressoria emergence, and whether or not haustorial central bodies were formed. The interval from primary germ tube-associated cytoplasmic aggregate initiation to appressorial germ tube emergence remained almost constant. The interval between primary germ tube-associated cytoplasmic aggregate initiation and termination was longer when appressoria failed to produce haustoria than when they succeeded. Late termination of primary germ tube-associated cytoplasmic aggregates correlated with a reduction in subsequent haustorial formation.
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  • Kan-ichi OHATA, Yukio TSUCHIYA, Akira SHIRATA
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 333-338
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present study was conducted to clarify the relationship between the cropping types and the kinds of bacteria causing head rot of lettuce. One hundred and thirty nine head rot samples were collected from 52 main lettuce growing areas in Japan, from which 214 isolates of pathogenic bacteria were obtained. The majority of them were identified as Psudomonas cichorii (Swingle) Stapp, P. marginalis (Brown) Stevens, P. viridiflava (Burkholder) Dowson, Xanthomonas vitians (Brown) Dowson and Erwinia carotovora (Jones) Holland. P. cichorii was prevalent in the spring-cropping type in northern Japan, the summer-cropping type in the highlands in central Japan and the autumn-cropping type in the ordinary areas, but seldom occurred in the winter-cropping type in central or south-western Japan. P. marginalis and P. viridiflava were prevalent in the autumn- and the winter-cropping types grown under plastic tunnels. They seldom or never occurred in the spring-and/or in the summer-cropping types. Head rot due to these two species of bacteria seemed to be induced by physical injuries like frost, and accelerated by high humidity in plastic tunnels. X. vitians occurred in all the cropping types except spring-cropping type, and its occurrence seemed to be related to the localities rather than the cropping types. E. carotovora was also main causal bacterium together with P. cichorii in the spring-cropping type, but it decreased in the autumn- and winter-cropping types. These results suggest that the kinds of bacteria causing head rot of lettuce are closely related to the climatic conditions except X. vitians, especially to the temperature during the cultivation of lettuce.
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  • Indole-3-aldehyde
    Ryozo YOKOSAWA, Shiro KUNINAGA
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 339-343
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Zoospores of Aphanomyces raphani were attracted to the hypocotyls of cabbage seedlings and the hypocotyl exudates. The attractant was identified and its effects on zoospores of three Aphanomyces spp. were investigated. Indole-3-aldehyde in the cabbage hypocotyl exudates was identified as an A. raphani zoospore attractant. This compound attracted at the concentration of 10-9mol., and zoospores massed within a few seconds at the open ends of capillary tubes containing 10-7-10-8mol. solution. This sensitive reaction might account for the accumulation of zoospores on the hypocotyls of cabbage seedlings. As indole-3-aldehyde did not attract zoospores of A. cochlioides and A. euteiches, the attractive effect was found to be specific to A. raphani. Compounds structurally related to indole-3-aldehyde had almost no effect on A. raphani zoospores at concentrations lower than 10-6mol.
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  • Takahito SUZUI, Yoshihiro HOSHINO
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 344-352
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Collar and root rot of apple (dwarfing rootstock, MM 106) was detected in Yoichi and Niki, Hokkaido, in 1977. Phytophthora sp. was isolated from the diseased trunk under the ground and roots of apple rootstocks. It was identified as P. cambivora from the characters of sporangia and sex organs. P. cambivora and P. cactorum were isolated from soil near by the diseased trees. One hundred fifty isolates of P. cambivora proved to belong to the mating type A1 and 9 isolates to the mating type A2. P. cambivora was able to induce collar and root rot in apple (MM 106) by the zoospore inoculation test.
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  • 1. Determination of Molecular Weight
    Jang Kyung CHOI, Nobuaki MATSUYAMA, Satoshi WAKIMOTO
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 353-357
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Nucleic acid of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV-RNA) prepared by ammonium carbonate method was infectious, sensitive to ribonuclease and tolerant to deoxyribonuclease. The sedimentation coefficient of TuMV-RNA was determined as 38.6±0.7S with linear-log sucrose density gradient centrifugation. TuMV-RNA denatured with formaldehyde had sedimentation coefficient of 24.3±0.5S, showing 37% reduction as compared with native RNA. The molecular weights of TuMV-RNA calculated from sedimentation coefficient of native RNA and formaldehyde-treated RNA were 3.00×106 and 3.05×106, respectively. The value, 3.1×106, almost similar to the above, was also obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
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  • 2. Nucleotide Composition and Hyperchromicity by Chemical and Thermal Denaturation
    Jang Kyung CHOI, Nobuaki MATSUYAMA, Satoshi WAKIMOTO
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 358-361
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The molar ratio of bases of turnip mosaic virus ribonucleic acid (TuMV-RNA) was 31.7 adenine, 22.0 guanine, 27.2 cytidylic acid and 19.1 uridylic acid in moles/100 moles. The hyperchromic effects on TuMV-RNA by degradation with NaOH, urea and ribonuclease (RNase) were 18.0, 19.5 and 26.4%, respectively. Thermal denaturation of viral RNA caused 24.6% increase in UV absorption and showed Tm value of 53±1C.
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  • Naoyuki MATSUMOTO, Toru SATO
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 362-368
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Phytophthora sp. was isolated from an alfalfa-field soil in Shintoku, Hokkaido in 1978. The fungus exhibited a petaloid pattern with an abundant aerial mycelium on potato-dextrose agar. Young hyphae had no septa, but became septate with age. Hyphae on malt-extract agar tended to be gnarled and tuberculate (coralloid). Clusters of hyphal swellings of 7-10μm diam. were abundant on alfalfa seedlings. Sporangia (mean 53.7×32.4μm) were nonpapillate or inconspicuously papillate and noncaducous, and proliferation and sympodial elongation occurred. The majority of sporangia were ovoid or ellipsoidal, but some were elongated, flattened on one side, constricted, or kidney-shaped. The fungus grew on corn-meal agar from 5 to 36C with an optimum growth temperature of 28C. All of the isolates were of the A2 mating type. The fungus was pathogenic to alfalfa and other plants. These characters suggested that the fungus was P. cryptogea Pethyb. & Laff. or P. drechsleri Tucker. Since many reports suggested that these two species were conspecific, comparisons were made by means of disc electrophoresis to obtain protein patterns of both identified species and the present isolates. Electrophoretic results confirmed the conspecificity of both species, and the isolates were identified as P. cryptogea due to priority.
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  • Haruo YANASE, Akira YAMAGUCHI, G.I. MINK, Kenzo SAWAMURA
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 369-374
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Apple chlorotic leafspot virus (CLSV) type strain isolated from an apple tree was back-transmitted to 8-day-old apple seedlings by rub-inoculation with partially purified and highly purified inoculum. The back-transmitted isolates induced typical apple topworking disease symptoms on a clone of Maruba Kaido (Malus prunifolia Borkh. var. ringo Asami) infected with other latent viruses (including the Maruba CLSV strain) as well as on a virus-free clone. The back-transmitted isolates induced symptoms identical to the parent isolate on a range of CLSV-sensitive indicator plants.
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  • Setsumi ITOI, Fumio SATO, Jun YAMAMOTO, Toshihisa UCHITA, Chiyoichi NO ...
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 375-385
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    During late-March to August 1978, natural infection of bamboo or bamboo grass by Pyricularia sp. was found in 8 Prefectures in the western part of Japan (Kagoshima, Kumamoto, Hiroshima, Okayama, Shimane, Tottori, Shiga, Wakayama). All collections are overwintered living leaves with older blast lesions. The 16 isolates from bamboo and 5 from bamboo grass showed pathogenicity to all inoculated bamboo and bamboo grass. Of 13 isolates of Pyricularia sp. from bamboo, 5 showed pathogenicity to rice seedlings. Among 3 isolates from bamboo grass, one could infect rice leaves by artificial inoculation. One isolate (T300) from bamboo (Semiarundinaria viridis Makino) was identified as race 007. Of the 10 isolates of P. oryzae from rice, 8 were pathogenic to bamboo and 9 were pathogenic to bamboo grass. Each of 4 races (T-2, C-1, C-8, N-2) showed pathogenicity to both bamboo and bamboo grass. Spray inoculation of bamboo with the fungus was successful. Pyricularia sp. overwinters as mycelium in infected living leaves of bamboo and bamboo grass. Some of overwintered leaves with blast lesions persisted for prolonged periods during the spring and early summer. The overwintered mycelium on living leaves produced conidia with high germinability when moistened. Sporulation may occur in nature at any time the environment is favorable. A field survey made in Hirose-cho on 22 June 1978 showed that 6.9% (583/8454) of overwintered bamboo (Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb. et Zucc.) leaves were infected with a Pyricularia sp. The fungus was fruiting on the lesions of leaves when moistened. In 1978, Pyricularia sp. was first found sporulating on overwintered living leaves of bamboo and bamboo grass between May 10 and 13 in Hikawa-cho and Yasugi-shi. The first primary blast lesions on young bamboo leaves were found May 1 in Yasugi-shi and May 5 in Hikawa-cho. New lesions on bamboo grass were first noted June 27 in Hikawa-cho. We proposed that conidia produced on overwintered living leaves were responsible for initiation of primary infection. In Japan, bamboo and bamboo grass are widely distributed and they may have a direct bearing on the disease cycle of rice blast.
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  • Noriyuki DOKE, Susumu SAKAI, Kohei TOMIYAMA
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 386-393
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Cell wall components (CW) and water soluble glucan (WSG) from Phytophthora infestans, that have been known to elicit and suppress the hypersensitive response of potato tissue, respectively, were applied to leaves of various host and nonhost plants by rubbing with carborundum to study how they respond hypersensitively to the fungal components. Leaves of Solanaceae plants: potato, tomato, sweet pepper, egg plant, red pepper, datura, and Japanese bladder cherry; Leguminosae plants: soybean, kidneybean, garden pea, broad bean, and cowpea; and Lileaceae plants: onion, Welsh onion, and white trumpet lily showed necrotic lesions 24hr after treatment with CW. On the contrary, leaves of Solanaceae plants: tobacco; Chenopodiaceae plants: goose-foot, white-goose-foot, spinach, and beet; Compositae plants: chrysanthemum, garland chrysanthemum, and lettus; Cruciferae plants: cabbage, chinese cabbage, turnip, and radish; Graminea plants: rice, barley, wheat, and corn; and Rosaceae plants: strawberry, Japanese pear, and rose did not show any visible necrotic cells within 48hr after the treatment with CW. Red pepper and Japanese bladder cherry (Solanaceae), soybean and cowpea (Leguminosae) and white goose-foot (Chenopodiaceae) showed almost the same necrotic lesion by treatment with WSG as those by CW. In the cases of plant leaves in which necrotic lesions were elicited by these fungal components, an abnormal leakage of electrolytes occurred within 5 hr after treatment with them. These resuslts suggested that specific families of plant have a nature to respond hypersensitively to the cell wall components and water soluble glucan of P. infestans regardless of host or nonhost relationship.
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  • Kimiharu INAGAKI, Makoto MAKINO
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 394-396
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Saprophytic ability was studied of five species of Rhizoctonia and Sclerotium causing sheath blight and allied diseases of mature rice plants. Both the percentage of survival of hyphae and the colonization on straw segments were highest in S. fumigatum Nakata and lowest in S. hydrophilum Sacc. and S. oryzae-sativae Saw. The survival rate of R. oryzae Ryker et Gooch was the same as that of S. fumigatum but its percentage of colonization was compararble to that of R. solani (Pellicularia filamentosa f. sp. sasakii) and was definitely lower than that of S. fumigatum.
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  • Tomio USUGI, Yasuo SAITO
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 397-400
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In morphology, particle length distribution, buoyant density, and stability in sap, wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) was almost identical to wheat spindle streak mosaic virus (WSSMV). These had common antigens as well as different ones and crossprotection was observed between them. Slight differences were observed in the symptoms produced on some wheat varieties by these viruses. On the basis of these results, it is concluded that WSSMV is a strain of WYMV.
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  • Tsunekuni MIYAKAWA
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 401-403
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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    Buds of ponkan (Citrus reticulata Blanco) infected by likubin (citrus greening disease) were treated with penicillin, tetracycline, tylosine, streptomycin and cefaloridine by immersing in solutions for 24hr, and the treated buds were grafted on indicator ponkan seedlings for determining remained infectivity.
    Likubin symptom development in indicator plants was completely suppressed when the infected buds were treated with very low concentration of tetracycline (12.5μg/ml). Penicillin and tylosine were also effective in suppressing likubin symptom development at concentrations higher than 200μg/ml, whereas streptomycin and cefaloridine were ineffective at considerably higher concentrations (500μg/ml).
    Tetracycline was phytotoxic at higher concentrations (more than 250μg/ml) as indicated by no survival of the treated buds after grafting. Penicillin was not phytotoxic even when the buds were immersed in 2000μg/ml solution for 72hr.
    The results support the hypothesis that the pathogen associated with likubin will be classified as a bacterium or a rickettsialike organism rather than as a mycoplasma.
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  • Yoshikatsu FUJITA, Hozumi SUZUKI
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 404-405
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The two conidia groups of Pyricularia oryzae, Which originated from leaf lesion and oat meal agar, were compared for their behavior in an infection process to rice seedlings. The time necessary for penetration by conidia from leaf lesion was shorter than that by conidia from medium, and the former conidia formed larger lesions than that of the latter.
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  • Kenji KITAZAWA, Takahito SUZUI, Kisaku YANAGITA
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 406-408
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Kiroku KOBAYASHI, Fumio TANAKA, Tadao UI, Jun AKAI
    1979 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 409-411
    Published: July 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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