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Volume 51 (1985)
- Issue 5 Pages 521-
- Issue 4 Pages 399-
- Issue 3 Pages 249-
- Issue 2 Pages 127-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 51, Issue 3
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Masaki YAMAMOTO1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 249-251
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Teruyoshi HASHIBA1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 252-254
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Shintaro FUJII1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 255-257
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Akira YAMAGUCHI1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 258-260
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Shigeru KUWATA1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 261
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Hironori KOGA1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 262
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Yukio SHIRAKO1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 263
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Hiroshi OKAZAKI1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 264-271
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn vitro studies were conducted on the mode of death of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani in three kinds of soil flooded with glucose solution. A marked decrease was observed in the fungal population in each of the three soils when it was flooded with 1.8-2.4% glucose solution. The redox potential and the pH value of the soil dropped at first, and then the fungal population decreased to about one-thousandth of the initial population in infested Tsukuba soil flooded with 3% glucose solution. Fifty-five% of chlamydospores of the fungus were killed during the first 24hr of incubation, when they were seeded in the glucose-amended flooded soil preincubated for 5 days. Few chlamydospores were found alive 48hr after seeding. The centrifuged supernatant of glucose-amended flooded soil showed only a weak antifungal activity. When the chlamydospores were exposed to a head-space gas above the soil, 99% of the chlamydospores were killed during the first 2 days of exposure. The fungicidal activity of the head-space gas was approximately equal to that of the soil. In conclusion, the death of the fungus in the soil flooded with glucose solution was attributable to a volatile or evolved fungicidal substances in the soil.View full abstractDownload PDF (861K) -
Seiji UEMATSU, Shizuo ONOGI, Tsuneo WATANABE1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 272-276
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHealthy melon seedlings transplanted in the soil artificially infested with two isolates (CH 83-14 and CH 83-15) of Monosporascus cannonballus, collapsed about 50 days after inoculation, and the fungus was recovered from roots. Young seedlings did not show any symptoms, but the fungus was detected in the recovery tests. The affected roots were rotted and brown colored, and slender roots disappeared, together with numerous scattered, small, round, black peritheicia. These symptoms were similar to those of the collapses of matured melon plants found in Chiba and other prefectures in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (2545K) -
(2). Suppression of Toxin Production from Germinating Spores by Chemical TreatmentsTakashi TSUGE, Syoyo NISHIMURA, Satoshi OMURA, Keisuke KOHMOTO, Hirosh ...1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 277-284
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe inhibitory effects of chemical treatments on toxin production during spore germination and pathogenicity of the spores of A. alternata pathogens were examined. The spores of A. alternata Japanese pear pathotype treated with cerulenin (20ppm) or methionine (100ppm) almost completely lost their pathogenicity to Japanese pear leaves susceptible to the black spot disease as well as productivity of host-specific AK-toxin during spore germination, whereas the abilities of spore germination, elongation of germ tube, appressorium formation and invading hypha formation were not significantly inhibited. These chemicals caused a similar reduction in pathogenicity and toxin production of apple pathotype (AM-toxin producer) and strawberry pathotype (AF-toxin producer) of A. alternata. The treatments of the spores of A. alternata Japanese pear pathotype with NH4Cl, KH2PO4, yeast extracts and L-cysteine also exhibited similar effects at higher concentrations. The above data suggest that the chemical treatments of the spores of A. alternata pathogens cause the reduction of their pathogenicity through the suppression of host-specific toxin productivity.View full abstractDownload PDF (906K) -
Hiroshi OTANI, Keisuke KOHMOTO, Syoyo NISHIMURA, Tadakazu NAKASHIMA, T ...1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 285-293
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPure samples of chemically characterized AK-toxins I and II from Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype were examined for their biological activities. Both preparations were toxic to Japanese pear cultivars susceptible to the pathogen, but were harmless to resistant pear cultivars and non-host plants tested. AK-toxins I and II at 5×10-9M and 10-7M, respectively, induced characteristic veinal necrosis and rapid K+ loss on susceptible pear leaves. The dose-response relationship revealed that the activity of AK-toxin II was about one-tenth that of AK-toxin I. AK-toxins I and II at 10-4M did not affect resistant pear leaves. In susceptible pear cells treated with AK-toxin I or II, invagination of the plasma membrane and degradation of the cell wall were observed under an electron microscope. When AK-toxin I or II was added to avirulent spores of A. alternata, the spores could invade susceptible tissues, just as did the virulent spores. These results show that pure samples of AK-toxins I and II fall under the criteria of host-specific toxin, and have the same biological activity as our previous semipurified AK-toxin preparation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1905K) -
Shinji TSUYUMU, Taichi FUNAKUBO, Kaname HORI, Yuichi TAKIKAWA, Masao G ...1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 294-302
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen the strains of E. chrysanthemi and E. carotovora subsp. carotovora were inoculated onto potato or radish disks, the activity of pectin lyase reached the same order as that of pectate lyase in some combination of the pathogen and plant. When time-course samples were taken after the addition of the extract of radish into the culture of E. chrysanthemi (EC183), the specific activities of both pectate lyase and pectin lyase were consistently elevated. The specific activities of both enzymes were also elevated, when E. chrysanthemi (ALE8292P) was grown in the medium containing the ethanol extract from 12 different plants. Thus, some compound responsible for the induction of these enzymes seem to be commonly present in plants. Ten out of these 12 ethanol extracts from plants inhibited the growth of rec- strain more severely than that of rec+ strain of Bacillus subtilis (rec assay). Therefore, DNA damaging agents also seem to be commonly present in plants. Since the induction of pectin lyase in soft-rot Erwinia has been shown to occur only by DNA-damaging agents, these DNA damaging agents found in plants may be responsible for the induction of pectin lyase at the infection site.View full abstractDownload PDF (1015K) -
Hachiro OKU, Hiromi YAMAMOTO, Hiroshi OHTA, Tomonori SHIRAISHI1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 303-311
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAbnormal metabolites isolated from nematode-infected pine, benzoic acid, catechol, 8-hydroxycarvotanacetone (8-HCA), and dihydroconiferyl alcohol (DCA) were tested for biological activity to 1-month-old pine seedlings and pine wood nematodes. Seedlings of Pinus thumbergii, suscepible to pine wilt disease were more sensitive to benzoic acid, catechol, and DCA than the other species tested. D-Isomer of 8-HCA was more toxic than L-isomer. Weak synergistic effects were observed on the toxicity to pine seedlings between DCA and benzoic acid, and between D-8-HCA and benzoic acid. The synergistic effect seemed to appear more prominent against 3-year-old seedlings. L-Isomer of 8-HCA and DCA inhibited the multiplication of pine wood nematodes at 30 and 10ppm, respectively, whereas D-isomer of 8-HCA, benzoic acid, and catechol did not even at 100ppm. All 4 compounds stimulated the multiplication at lower concentrations. The biologically active concentrations of some of these compounds accumulated in the trunks of 15- to 25-year-old pine trees after inoculation with pathogenic nematodes, hence these abnormal metabolites seemed to be involved in the pathogenesis of pine wilt disease in complex manner.View full abstractDownload PDF (873K) -
Takanori MAEDA, Narinobu INOUYE1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 312-314
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Koji AZEGAMI, Koushi NISHIYAMA, Yasumasa WATANABE, Takayuki SUZUKI, Mi ...1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 315-317
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 318-384
Published: July 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1985 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 395
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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