Japanese Journal of Phytopathology
Online ISSN : 1882-0484
Print ISSN : 0031-9473
ISSN-L : 0031-9473
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Volume 72, Issue 3
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Review
Original
  • Potato berry bioassay to detect Streptomyces spp. that produce phytotoxic thaxtomin A and cause potato common scab
    S. NAITO, M. MAEDA, S. TANI, D. IMAJI, S. AKINO, N. KONDO
    2006 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 135-142
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 14, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.72.135
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The thaxtomin-A-producing ability of Streptomyces spp. isolates (nine isolates of S. scabies, five isolates of S. turgidiscabies, one isolate of S. acidiscabies) was assessed by the development of necrotic lesions on potato berries. Berries collected from field-grown potato plants were inoculated with plugs of pathogenic isolates from starch nutrient or oatmeal media and then kept in a moist container for 7 days at 25°C under a 12-h photoperiod or continuous darkness. Each of the thaxtomin-A-producing, pathogenic strains caused an obvious necrotic lesion (more than 4-6 mm in diameter) on the berries. On the other hand, the nonpathogenic strains (two isolates of S. ipomoeae, one isolate of S. acidiscabies, six isolates of Streptomyces spp.) that did not produce thaxtomin A barely induced any necrotic symptoms. Crude chloroform extracts from the oatmeal-broth cultures of thaxtomin-A-producing strains of S. scabies, S. turgidiscabies and S. acidiscabies and the authentic thaxtomin A induced necrotic lesions on the berries. In contrast, crude extracts from strains that did not produce thaxtomin A and were nonpathogenic to potato tuber did not induce symptoms on the berries. The potato berry bioassay is thus a simple procedure that is suitable for the consistent detection of thaxtomin A production by Streptomyces spp. that cause common scab disease.
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Short Communication
  • Natural spread of grapevine leafroll disease and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3
    H. NASU, J. IMADA, K. INOUE, R. NAKAUNE, T. SHIMANE, M. NAKANO
    2006 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 143-145
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 14, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.72.143
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In Okayama Prefecture, natural spread of grapevine leafroll disease was suspected in a field where a woody indicator, grapevine cv. Cabernet Franc (CF) was used to index for this disease. After leafroll- and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3)-free nursery vines of grape cvs. CF and Cabernet Sauvignon had been transplanted to the field in July 1999, the incidence of leafroll disease reached 82% and 20%, respectively, in autumn 2001. GLRaV-3 was detected from all symptomatic vines by ELISA. These results suggest that leafroll disease and GLRaV-3 naturally spread in the field.
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  • Simultaneous detection of three Potyvirus species from Cucurbitaceae crops by multiplex RT-PCR
    Y. SHIMOMOTO, S. TAKEUCHI
    2006 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 146-149
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 14, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.72.146
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A multiplex RT-PCR procedure was developed for the simultaneous detection of Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) and Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) from Cucurbitaceae crops. Using oligo dT primer, cDNA was synthesized from virus RNA and amplified with a mixture of three primer sets specific to WMV, ZYMV and PRSV. Three potyviruses were accurately detected from cucumber plants singly, doubly or triply infected with these viruses as well as mixtures of virus RNA. With this method, three potyviruses could be detected from various kinds of naturally infected Cucurbitaceae crops more accurately than with indirect ELISA and more easily than with uniplex RT-PCR.
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Desease Note
  • Sclerotinia rot of endive caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
    S. SASAKI, K. INOUE, M. TAGA, H. NASU
    2006 Volume 72 Issue 3 Pages 150-153
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 14, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.72.150
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A sclerotinia disease of endive, Cichorium endivia L., was found in Okayama Prefecture in November 2003. The symptoms were water-soaked, blight and soft rot of leaves and stems. The fungus consistently isolated from symptomatic leaves was identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on the basis of morphological characteristics. Healthy seedlings were inoculated with the isolated fungus, symptoms of the disease were reproduced, and the fungus was reisolated from the lesions.
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