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Volume 54, Issue 3
Displaying 1-26 of 26 articles from this issue
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with Special Reference to Viruses and ViroidsEishiro SHIKATA1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 267-269
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Suesaku CHIBA1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 270-272
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Yuji NAGAI1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 273-275
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Tsuneo TSUCHTZAKI1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 276-278
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Katsumi KATAYAMA1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 279
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Yasuyuki KUBO1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 280
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Toyozo SATO1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 281
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Yutaka ARIMOTO, Yasuo HOMMA1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 282-289
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLight and temperature were both very important for the induction of a self-defense reaction of citrus plants against penetration by Diaporthe citri (Faw.) Wolf or against mechanical injury. Under light (5, 000 lux, 25C), melanose spots or scars made up of brown cells and a cork-like layer were produced on leaves inoculated with the pathogen or injured mechanically. Scoparone, a phytoalexin, was produced in these leaves, and the infecting pathogen was found to be arrested within the melanose spots. Under dark (<0.5 lux, 25C), however, neither melanose spots nor scars were produced when the leaves were inoculated or injured, nor was any scoparone detected in the leaves. The infected pathogen spread in the leaves without being impeded by any barricade, and pycnidia and pycnospore developed on the leaves 2 weeks after inoculation. The cell browning and cell division in inoculated leaves or the incised part of the shoot were most severe at 25C. The degree of cell browning and division decreased as the temperature became lower. At 15C, the infected epidermal cells or the cells in the incised part granulated and only slightly turned brown, but no adjacent cells divided. At 10 and 5C, neither cell browning nor cell division occurred even in citrus plants kept under light (5, 000 lux) after the treatment. Scoparone production was also affected by temperature. The largest quantity was produced in the melanose spots or scars at 25C. The amount decreased at the temperature became lower, until no scoparone was detected at 10 or 5C. These results mean that the self-defence reaction, which can effectively impede pathogen invasion, in citrus plants depends strongly on light and temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (1463K) -
Katsumi AKUTSU, Akira KUBO, Satoshi OKUYAMA1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 290-295
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMycelial disks of benomyl-and dicarboximide fungicide-resistant strain (CAES-4), benomyl-resistant strain (CAES-7), dicarboximide fungicide-resistant strain (CAES-2) or sensitive strain (CAES-5) of Botrytis cinerea were contact-cultured in the center of colony of sensitive strain (IPCR-1). Mycelial disks collected from the colony of IPCR-1 were placed on PSA media containing fungicides. In contact-culture with CAES-4, four resistant strains (IC4-4B, -4I, -4P and -4V) developed from IPCR-1 colony. IC4-4B, -4I and -4V, which were resistant to both benomyl and dicarboximide fungicides, showed the same growth rate as that of CAES-4, but in colony forms or pathogenicity to cucumber, were similar to that of IPCR-1. IC4-4P was sensitive to benomyl, and different from the parent strains in the properties. In contact-culture with CAES-7, three resistant strains (IC7-4B, -2P and -4P) were obtained. IC7-4B was nearly similar to CAES-7 in the properties. IC7-2P and -4P showed higher MIC of dicarboximide fungicides than that of CAES-7, although the value of benomyl was nearly the same as that of IPCR-1. IC2-4P, which was obtained by contact-culture with CAES-2, showed the same properties as those of CAES-2, except a higher pathogenicity as compared with those of parent strains.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K) -
Choei OGIMI, Hiroshi HIGUCHI, Yuichi TAKIKAWA1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 296-302
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new bacterial disease with gall formation on either trunks or twigs was found on Kakuremino (Dendropanax trifidus Mak.) trees growing in Okinawa and Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The surface of young galls was relatively smooth and light-green in color, but they became rough and light-brown to dark-brown with age. A pathogenic bacterium isolated from these galls was gram-negative rod with 1 to several polar flagella, aerobic and metabolized glucose oxidatively. Negative results were obtained with the tests such as kovács' oxidase, potato soft rot, hydrolysis of esculin and starch, arginine dihydrolase, nitrate reduction, KCN inhibition, indole production, gelatin liquefaction, methyl-red and Voges-Proskauer tests and growth at 41C and 4C. Positive results were obtained with the tests such as catalase, tobacco hypersensitive reaction, hydrolysis of Tween 80, production of H2S, reducing substances from sucrose and fluorescent pigment production. The results of levan production varied among the isolates. Following organic compounds were utilized as a sole source of carbon: ribose, glucose, galactose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, fructose, sucrose, glycerol, inositol, mannitol, citrate, succinate, L-malate and D-, L-, and meso-tartrate. Followings were not utilized: D-arabinose, L-rhamnose, lactose, maltose, D-cellobiose, D-trehalose, dextrin, glycogen, starch, inulin, D-sorbitol, adonitol, dulcitol, salicin, malonate, lactate, L-valine, L-arginine and β-alanine. Inoculation tests for the host range of the Kakuremino pathogen were conducted on trees of 82 species belonging to 40 families. The disease development was confirmed only on Dendropanax trifidus, but not on other trees. From these results, the Kakuremino pathogen was identified as a new pathovar of Pseudomonas syringae. The name of P. syringae pv. dendropanacis pv. nov. was proposed and the strain DT 1 (=ATCC 43298, NCPPB 3464, PDDCC 9150) was designated as the pathotype strain.View full abstractDownload PDF (1154K) -
Masahiro HAMADA, Tsutomu UCHIDA, Mitsuya TSUDA1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 303-308
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe ascospore production and dispersion of the causal agent of Nectria blight (=Mariquita disease or Fusarium disease) of black pepper (Piper nigrum) in the Amazon region of Brazil was studied. The anamorph of the pathogen belongs to a forma specialis of Fusarium solani. The teleomorph of the causal agent is easily produced when two individuals belonging to different mating types meet. Ascocarps which were considered to belong to Nectria were collected on dead or deteriorated pepper vines in the fields. Most of ascospores isolated from them could invade the pepper vine upon artificial inoculation. When the ascocarps were moistened, ascospores were easily dispersed by air flow. In field experiments they were detected as much as 170cm above and 300cm horizontally away from the source. Ascospore dispersion of the causal agent is considered to be an important factor in the spread of epidemics of the disease in the Amazon region, in addition to seedling transmission and fertilizer problems. We propose “Nectria blight” against “Mariquita disease” or “Fusarium disease” of black pepper vine as the most suitable name for this disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (938K) -
Katsumi AKUTSU, Takanori TSUKAMOTO, Tatsuyuki IRINO, Satoshi OKUYAMA1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 309-316
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present investigation was conducted to authenticate whether a benomyl-sensitive strain of Botrytis cinerea acquired the benomyl-resistance by hyphal fusion with the resistant strain. In two experiments on hyphal fusion between IPCR-1 (the sensitive strain) and IHES-3 (the resistant strain), eight resistant strains were obtained from the fusion of mycelium (PHGF-1) or single hyphae (PHDF-28) of IPCR-1 with IHES-3. MIC of benomyl for PHGF-1 was 3, 500 ppm, which was higher than that for IHES-3. It also surpassed IPCR-1 and IHES-3 strains in growth and pathogenicity. MIC of benomyl for PHDF-28 ranged from 2, 050 to 2, 250 ppm, which was lower than that of IHES-3. They were variable in growth and pathogenicity. PHGF-1 and PHDF-28 were stable in their acquired properties, even though the subculture was repeated more than ten times of PSA media.View full abstractDownload PDF (821K) -
Shigeo NAITO, Toshiya SUGIMOTO1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 317-318
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of mycophagous insect on the incidence of sugar beet damping-off caused by R. solani was studied. In the artificially-infested soils, the addition of larvae of Pnyxia scabiei reduced the incidence of the damping-off in comparison with the non-added control. However, the disease was not suppressed by dead larvae killed by isoxathion (insecticide) or propylene oxide. Subsequent tests with non-sterilized soil, naturally infested with Pythium spp. or supplemented with sclerotia of R. solani, revealed that added larvae in a paper-pot provided significant protection of seedling disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (123K) -
Chiyoichi NODA, Takanori MAEDA, Narinobu INOUYE1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 319-322
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Shigeru KANEKO, Yoshinori YOKOZAWA, Takanori KUBONO1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 323-326
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Hirotada TAMURA, Toshihiro YAMADA, Kazuhiko MINEO1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 327-331
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Chikara MASUTA, Shigeru KUWATA, Yoichi TAKANAMI1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 332-336
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Koji AZEGAMI, Koushi NISHIYAMA, Hideo TABEI1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 337-341
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 342-351
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 351-360
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 360-369
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 369-378
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 378-387
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 387-396
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 396-405
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1988 Volume 54 Issue 3 Pages 405-413
Published: July 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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