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Volume 17 (1953)
- Issue 3-4 Pages 97-
- Issue 2 Pages 49-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 17, Issue 2
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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II. Observations on invasion of fungus and its development.Yoshihiko TOCHINAI, Keiji SAWADA1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 49-53
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe microscopic investigations were carried out on the process of infection of Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum Briosi et Cavara to the bean varieties being resistant or susceptible to the anthracnose. The observations have been performed upon the appressoria formation of the fungus on the epidermal tissue of bean plants, and upon the invasion and further development of the hyphae in the host tissues as well as the causal morbid changes of the cell-tissues.
In the experiments we have used the D-strain of bean anthracnose fungus as the inoculum, and two susceptible varieties i. e., Tenashi-naga-uzura Hon-Kintoki and 5 resistant varieties i. e., Tenashichunaga-uzura, Satisfaction, Indian Chief, Beni-kintoki, O-tebo. On the susceptible varieties, Tanashinaga-uzura and Hon-kintoki, large sunken reddishbrown lesions having numerous acervuli were formed on the inoculated tissues, while on the resistant varieties, Tenashi-chunaga-uzura, Satisfaction and Indian Chief, very small reddish-brown lesions appeared. In the cases of the highly resistant varieties, Beni-kintoki and O-tebo, no lesion was recognized by naked eyes.
The appressoria formation and invasion of the hyphae occurred equally on both susceptible and resistant varieties. More than 70% of the appressoria were formed on the part of middle lamellae of epidermal cells.
The protoplasmic morbid changes occurred in the resistant plants, Tenashi-chunaga-uzura, Satisfaction and Indian Chief, were induced very rapidly by invasion of the hyphae and the cells surrounding the point of infection turned brown remarkably. However, the further development of the mycelia in the tissues was checked in general, and the lesions appeared as only very small reddish-brown spots. The similar phenomena were observed in the cases of highly resistant varieties, O-tebo and Beni-kintoki, and the lesions were far more minute owing to fewer number of the browned cells. These minute lesions formed on the highly resistant varieties were almost invisible macroscopically. On the other hand, the protoplasmic morbid changes in the susceptible varieties progressed slowly, and no marked symptom was recognized until the mycelia had developed widely in tissues, and severe destructions of them took place rather suddenly.View full abstractDownload PDF (1146K) -
V. Effect of the difference of nitrogen sources in the culture media upon the mycelial constituents and amylase activity of the blast disease fungus.S. TANAKA, H. KATSUKI, F. KATSUKI1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 54-56
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe rice-blast fungus was cultivated on the culture media containing either ammonium salt or nitrate as the nitroge source. Between the two myce1ia grown on the above media any marked difference has not been observed in the mycelial constituents, such as reserved carbohydrate, 1ipid and proteinous substance. In both cases rapid absorption of nitrogenous matter and synthesis of protein occured at the initial stage of the growth. On the other hand activity of lipid synthesis which was very low at the initial stage, rose gradually with the growth, The maximum contents of reserved carbohydrate as well as of lipid were observed just before the maximum growth.
Contrary to carbohydrate and lipid, the amount of protein was seen to decrease gradually with the growth, but the relative content increased again owing to exhaustion of carbohydrate and lipid when autolysis began. Activity of exo-and endoamylase of the mycelia grown on these media were almost the same. Though activity of endo-amylase showed little change when the media become acidic by the selective absorption of cation, marked lowering in the activity of exo-enzyme was observed to occur.View full abstractDownload PDF (197K) -
On the difference of the infbuence of the barley juice on the conidial germination of Fusarium nivale and Fusarium solani.Takeyuki MIZUKAMI1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 57-60
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS(1) The germination of the conidia of both Fusarium nivale(F.R.) Ces. and Fusarium solani in the ground juice of barley leaves was better than that in the dist. water and was somewhat inhibited in comparison with that in the boiled ground juice. From this method, no difference was foulld between the reactions of the barley to the conidial germination of these fungi.
(2) Barley leaves, which were needle pricked and mounted with drops of dist. wate on the wounded parts, were kept in a moist chamber. In the experiment with these drops which were gathered to test after 24 hours, it was cleared that the, germination of the conidia of F. solani in this drops was inhibited significantly and that the gemination of the conidia of this fungus in the drops which had been inoculated with the conidia of this fungus on the wound parts of, the barley leaf piece was checked completely. These inhibition of germination could not be observed in the case of F. nivale. The results of this experiment suggest that the reaction of the barley to the infection by F. nivale (pathogen) differ from that to the infection by F. solani (non pathogen).View full abstractDownload PDF (317K) -
Y. TOKUSHIGE1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 61-64
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: March 08, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe scientific name, Uncinula Evonymi-Japonicae HARA(4) was given to the powdery mildew fungus of Evonymus japonictts THUNB. in 1921 by Hara. Later HINO(5) and KITAZIMA(8) reported respectively the impossibility to find the perithecia of this fungus and it was also in vain for the author to find them near the city of Fukuoka. It is a questiom how the fungus be possible to live. throughout the winter. The purpose of this paper is to find out the place of the hibernation of the mildew fungus and the form of tbe fungus at that time. The experimental results are as below:
(1) The perithecia were not found in any parts of the host plant.
(2) The conidia are ill-adapted to survive from one season to the next.
(3) The wind-borne conidia are unable to attack the old leaves when they become old.(Fig. 3, 4)
(4) The fungtis does not exist within the dormant buds with any forms.
(5) The first conidial formation in early spring is observed on tbe lesionsns of the preceding year's leaves and tbat after twenty days the first infection ocurs on the young emerged. 1eaves from dormat buds. (Fig. 1)
(6) Overwintering hyphae with haustoria are found on the lesions of the preceding year's 1eaves, which are capable to ovetwinter and to produce conidia in tbe next spring. (Fig. 9).
From this experimental results it is offered that the fungus overwinters on the lesions fo the preceding year's leaves of Evonymus japonicus (evergreen tree) ir the form Of the pecu1iar superficial mycdia with haustoria. Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University.View full abstractDownload PDF (348K) -
Y MATSUURA1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 65-68
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present paper deals with the results of experiments on a dwarf disease of milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L). The results obtained are summarized below:-
I An infested plant discolors yellowish green to dull yellow and stunts as a whole and its leaflets become small and narrow. Margin of the leanet is often colored reddish purple. Later on, necrotic lesions develop often on Ieaflet, petiole and stem. Most of flower buds of the severe1y infested plant drop down before blossoming. Slightly infested Plants may bloom but the seeds do not ripe perfectly. In case of severely infested plants, the lower leaves dry up from the margin of leaflets and finally, the whole plant die prematurely.
1. Causal agent of this disease was found to be a virus.
2. 4 species of aphids i.e. Aphis laburni Kaltenbach, A. glycines Matsumnura, Macrosiphum Pelargoni Kaltenbach and Myzus persicae Sulzer were tested for transmissibility of the virus and only the first named species of aphid proved to be a vector.
3. Aphis laburni became infective when it was fed on the diseased plant for 24 hours and the virulent aphid was able to transfer the virus to the healthy plant by feeding for more than 6 hours.
4 The infective aphid was able to transfer the virus through its who1e life.
5. The virus was not transferd to viviparous offsprings from the infective parent aphids.
6. The writer failed to obtain successful transmission by mutilating with the diseased plant juice.
7. The transmission of this virus through the seeds was not determined distinctly.
8. This virus seems to be some what differerent from the red clover mosaic virus or common bean mosaic virus. With regard to its identification further investigation is needed.
II this disease was found to be distributed in the prefectures, Yamagata, Fukushima, Niigata, Nagano and Ibaragi.View full abstractDownload PDF (306K) -
G. DÔKE1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 69-72
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
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H. MIZUTA1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 73-75
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAccording to the experiments on the growth of Bacterium Oryzae (Uyeda et Ishlyama) Nakata using various culture media, the Bacterium grew best on bouillon-glucose agar and potato-sucrose agar.
The growth of this bacterium was thriving on media containing sugar, but the kinds (concerning sucrose, glucose and maltose) and amount (in range of O.5-10.0%) did not influence on, its growth. The bacterium was able to grow on media showing pH 4.0-8.8.View full abstractDownload PDF (205K) -
Shigeyasu AKAI, Akira KONDO1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 76-77
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (672K) -
The diagnosis of species in Fusarium isolated from pumpkins by use of pigments in the culture mediumJoji AOKI1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 78-79
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
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1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 80-89
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (968K) -
1953 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 89-96
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (765K)
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