巻号一覧
193 巻 (2001)
- 4 号 p. 259-
- 3 号 p. 163-
- 2 号 p. 79-
- 1 号 p. 1-
193 巻, 3 号
March
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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Review
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Noriko Osumi2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 163-174
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーPax6 gene encodes a transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in various aspects of brain development. Here I review the molecular and cellular mechanisms of how the early brain is patterned, and introduce recent studies on the role of Pax6 in brain patterning, neuronal specification, neuronal migration and axonal extension.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (800K)
Regular Contributions
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Takashi Murakami, Ryo Konno, Yukihiro Terada, Junichi Sugawara, Nobuo ...2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 175-180
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーA questionnaire survey was administered by Tohoku University hospital to investigate the current status of gynecological laparoscopic operations in teaching hospitals in which residents were trained as obstetricians and gynecologists. Thirty-eight senior doctors in 18 hospitals were sent a postal questionnaire. The response rates of facilities and doctors were 94.4% and 76.3%, respectively. Diagnostic and operative laparoscopy was performed in all of the hospitals surveyed, however only a few hospitals performed more than 100 laparoscopies per year, and many surgeons did not perform advanced laparoscopic operations including hysterectomy, myomectomy and lymphadenectomy. Half of the doctors performed minilaparotomy, which is a so-called “open” technique. The standard surgical style involved the use of a carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum and an endoscope 10 mm in diameter. Unipolar endocoagulating instruments were generally used for hemostasis and incision. Most of the doctors surveyed thought that operative laparoscopy would become a necessary procedure in gynecological field, and half of them hoped to receive training in the technique. Instruction of expert endoscopic surgeons is necessary, especially in teaching hospitals, for the spread of safe and advanced laparoscopic surgery. An educational and training system for established surgeons as well as for young residents is urgently needed in Japan.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (334K) -
Reiko Dehari2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 181-186
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーIn 1990, Longacre and Fenoglio-Preiser introduced “serrated adenoma (SA)” combining architectural and cytological features of hyperplastic polyp and adenomatous epithelium. It has been reported that intramucosal carcinoma occurs in 10% of SAs. Although there have been many reports on SAs, its histogenesis and natural history still remain unknown. To clarify the genetic changes in SA, APC mutations in 28 SAs, 4 adenocarcinomas in/with SAs, 12 tubular adenomas (TAs) and 10 adenocarcinomas in/with TAs were evaluated in the present study. After polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analyses, gene mutations were confirmed by direct sequencing. No APC mutation was detected in adenocarcinomas in/with SAs, and only one SA without adenocarcinoma (3.8%) was found to be positive for APC gene mutation, whereas the mutations were found in 66.7% of TAs and in 50% of adenocarcinomas in/with TAs. The frequency of APC gene mutation in SAs was significantly lower than that in control sporadic TAs. These findings suggest that SAs are genetically different from TAs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (788K) -
Hideki Matsuya, Keiichi Takagaki, Syuichi Yoshihara, Keinosuke Ishido, ...2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 187-195
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーAfter partial hepatectomy, the liver is capable of complete restoration to its normal size. The extracellular matrix, which surrounds the cells, plays important roles in this regeneration. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are components of the extracellular matrix, interact with several other matrix components and growth factors, and are involved in hepatocyte growth. In this study, the content of heparan sulfate, a major GAG in rat liver, reached a minimum at 12 hours after partial hepatectomy. Galactosyltransferase-I activity, related to the synthesis of GAGs, and sialyltransferase activity, related to the synthesis of glycoconjugates, reached a minimum at 6 hours. The serum and liver contents of hyaluronic acid reached a maximum at 1 day and returned gradually to their preoperative levels. These results suggest that polysaccharide synthesis was decreased in the Golgi apparatus of hepatocytes at the beginning of regeneration, and that hyaluronic acid degradation decreased in the lysosomes of hepatocytes. The ability to synthesize polysaccharides recovered ahead of the ability to degrade hyaluronic acid. The changes in these GAGs with time in the early regeneration period might play an important role in organ regeneration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (678K) -
Apiradee Theamboonlers, Voranush Chongsrisawat, Pojchanad Jantaradsame ...2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 197-205
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーA total of 2229 children selected from five distinct areas of Thailand were screened for HBs antigen (HBsAg) by ELISA. Out of 51, forty-nine HBsAg-positive children were further examined for HBV-DNA by the polymerase chain reaction, utilizing the region of the hepatitis B Virus (HBV) genome encoding the major antigenic epitopes of hepatitis B surface antigen. Direct automated sequencing of the “a” determinant region revealed 11 of 49 children to display variable mutations. The vaccinated and nonvaccinated children had amino acid variants clustered between residues 120 and 160. Mutations between residues 120 and 160 were found at higher frequency in the vaccinated group (4/13 ; 30.8%) than in the nonvaccinated group (7/36 ; 19.4%), but this was not statistically significant. Infections with new HBV variants are contracted either vertically or horizontally within the group having received the vaccine, a finding confirmed by the presence of amino acid substitutions critical for immune escape. Hence, neither vaccine nor IgG has any apparent effect on those variants and the children turn into HBV carriers. However, the current vaccination program still efficiently protects perinatal transmission of HBV and unless long term studies lead us to conclude otherwise, inclusion of the variant strain(s) into a new vaccine formulation is not deemed necessary.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (546K) -
Eiji Kusano, Izumi Yoshida, Shigeyuki Takeda, Sumiko Homma, Ahad N.K. ...2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 207-220
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーThe activity of cAMP degradation enzyme, cAMP phosphodiesterase (cAMP PDE), in renal tubules is a critically important factor in determining cellular cAMP levels, particularly in response to hormones. In this study we examine the nephron distribution of cAMP PDE activity in the mouse, rat and rabbit kidney and important cellular regulators of cAMP PDE, namely calmodulin and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). We assayed total low Km cAMP PDE in microdissected tubule segments, using 10−6 M (3H)-cAMP as a substrate. Activities were expressed in fentomol cAMP hydrolyzed per minute per mm tubular length or per one glomerulus. The content of ATP was measured in outer medullary collecting duct and medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop with microbioluminescence assay using firefly luciferase. In mouse kidney, cAMP PDE was significantly higher in all tubular segments compared to glomerulus. Proximal convoluted tubule, proximal straight tubule, medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (mTAL), and outer medullary collecting duct (OMCD) had intermediated activity. Greater cAMP PDE activity was detected in cortical ascending limb of Henle's loop (cTAL), cortical collecting duct and in distal convoluted tubule (DCT). The highest activity was found in connecting tubules. In rat, nephron distribution of cAMP PDE activities was similar to mouse, except that activity in glomeruli was higher than in mouse glomeruli. In rabbit, nephron distribution of cAMP PDE activities was different from those of mouse and rat. There was no single prominent segment with high cAMP PDE activity. DCT and cTAL showed low enzyme activity. Overall, the highest cAMP PDE activities were measured in the mouse and the lowest were measured in the rabbit nephrons, with those of rat nephron showing an intermediate activity. The maximum effective dose of the calmodulin antagonist, trifluoperazine (200 μM), inhibited cAMP PDE in all nephron segments from the rat kidney. However, there is no statistical significance of its inhibition among nephron segments. In OMCD and mTAL of the rat kidney, cAMP PDE activity was inhibited by ATP (5 mM∼10 mM) which is far beyond the physiological concentartion of ATP in normal epithelial cell. Actual determinations of ATP in mTAL and OMCD were 0.1 mM and 0.17 mM, respectively. These observations show that distal segments of tubules have more active catabolism of cAMP than proximal segments. cAMP PDE in each nephron segment appear to be almost equally dependent on trifluoperazine-sensitive pathway that may reflect the Ca2+-calmodulin system. Cellular concentration of ATP might not be involved in the regulation of the total low Km cAMP PDE activity in rat mTAL and OMCD.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1025K) -
Yoichi Shimada, Kozo Sato, Toshiki Matsunaga, Yoshihiro Tsutsumi, Akik ...2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 221-227
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーA closed-loop control system for standing with functional electrical stimulation (FES) using percutaneous intramuscular electrodes in complete paraplegia is described. The system consisted of ultrafine percutaneous intramuscular electrodes, a 32-channel stimulator and a stretch sensor with active current control to detect knee buckling. The closed-loop control system was applied in a T8 completely paraplegic patient. Compared to the stretch sensor with a wide use flexible goniometer for direct current control during standing, the stretch sensor was superior to the flexible goniometer in both ease of use and response. The average time delay from the start of knee buckling until the sensor turned on was 0.56±0.19 seconds (Mean±S.D.) in the goniometer and 0.21±0.06 seconds in the stretch sensor. The average time delay from the start of knee buckling until the recovery from knee buckling was 1.01±0.05 seconds in the goniometer and 0.78±0.06 seconds in the stretch sensor. The continuous standing ability of the patient increased from 12 minutes with open-loop stimulation to 30 minutes with the closed-loop control. No complications such as falling occurred during clinical use. This system prevented falling due to knee buckling during standing and prolonged upright activities in complete paraplegics.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (999K) -
Yaxiong Xie, Hiroshi Miyamoto, Masao Kondo, Hidenori Koga, Aihua Zhang ...2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 229-235
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーIn order to know the element levels in the urine of patients with chronic arsenic poisoning caused by arsenic assimilated from burning coal via air and food, we investigated various elements in the urine of 16 patients with this disease and 16 controls living in the same county in Guizhou Province of China. Concentrations of 25 elements (Al, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Ti, V and Zn) were determined by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer or an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The average concentrations of Cu, Ga and Sn as well as As in the patients were significantly higher, and those of Cr, Rb, Sr and Ti in the patients were significantly lower than the control values. Al, Ba, Mn, Ni and Se were under detection limit in the patients, though they could be detected in the controls. There were no positive correlations between the concentration of As and the concentrations of other elements, including Cu, Ga and Sn in the patients. The results of this study suggest that As from burning coal might influence the urinary excretion of some elements.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (433K) -
Mizanur Rahman, Yasuhiko Hirabayashi, Tomonori Ishii, Miki Watanabe, L ...2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 237-244
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーGlucocorticoids (GCs) induce growth arrest and apoptosis of B lineage cells, especially pre-B and immature B cells, but little is known about this mechanism. Since B cell-specific activator protein (BSAP) encoded by the Pax5 gene is an essential transcription factor for B-cell proliferation, we have investigated the effect of prednisolone sodium succinate (Pss) on BSAP expression in several human leukemic B lineage cell lines. Pss caused growth arrest of Nalm6 (pre-B) cells, but this is not the case for 207 (pro-B) and Raji (mature B) cells. In Nalm6 cells, the growth rate and the amount of BSAP bound to its recognition sequence decreased in proportion to the Pss dose. Pss also reduced the expression level of BSAP as well as of Pax5 mRNA. These data suggest that the suppression of Pax5/BSAP may be involved in the GCs-induced growth arrest of pre-B cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (905K)
Case Reports
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Takashi Ohrui, Makoto Higuchi, Akio Kanda, Toshifumi Matsui, Emi Sato, ...2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 245-249
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーThis report presents the case of a patient with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide resistant exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which was definitely resolved in accordance with increased levels of serum conjugated bilirubin due to biliary tract obstruction. Histological examination of the lung showed an accumulation of bile pigments in the alveolar mural tissues, especially in the cytoplasm of the alveolar macrophages, which play crucial roles in the development of IPF. This case suggests that bile pigments have some important roles in tissue protection against inflammatory damage in IPF, and may illustrate an important key for treatment of this fatal disorder.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (997K) -
Nihat Tosun, Ibrahim Tuncay, Fuat Akpinar2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 251-254
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーIsolated neuropathy of the cutaneous branch of the radial nerve is a rarely recognized pathology. It was described in 1932 by Wartenberg, who suggested the name cheiralgia paraesthetica. The syndrome is described as known the entrapment of the superficial branch of the radial nerve. Many different etiologic factors for chronic nerve entrapment have been described, however our case has an unusual cause. A 52 year old man had pain and paresthesia in the area over the lateral aspect of the wrist, thumb and first web six months after Colles' fracture. The patient underwent bony spike resection after five months with ineffective conservative treatment. He has satisfied after this operation. The case was presented because of disappearing his preoperative complaints after the operation with respect to Wartenberg's syndrome constituted a rare cause of bone spike which has not been mentioned in the literature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (914K) -
Haruhide Shinzawa, Hitoshi Togashi, Kazuhiko Sugahara, Masamichi Ishib ...2001 年 193 巻 3 号 p. 255-258
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2005/02/02
ジャーナル フリーWe reported on an adolescent who suffered from cholestatic hepatitis after taking a low dose of paracetamol. It was suspected that the condition was brought about by an allergic reaction to paracetamol. Paracetamol is one of the representative intrinsic hepatotoxic drugs. There have been only a few reports on liver damage due to an allergic reaction to paracetamol. There is a need to call attention to this particular reaction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (240K)
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