Part I. Dispersion Status of Polysaccharide on Normal Rabbits' Urogenital System
As to the above subject, I have conducted a series of tests by employing a Lillie-PAS-method. The result reveals that the polysaccharide is seen conspicuously on the following parts.
1) Basementmembranes of blood vessels
2) Basementmembranes of renal tubules and Tubuli seminiferi
3) Free rand of epithelial cells, sometimes in cell body
4) Connective tissue fiber of interstitial tissue
5) Spermien
Of these parts, I spesially direct my attention to the finding of polysaccharide on the renal tubules epithelium; -in the epithelial cells of renal tubules where the reabsorption of polysaccharide is done in the proximal renal tubules, I have observed much PAS positive substance, but not in the epithelial cells near the ascending and descending limbs of Henl's loops, while the PAS positive substance appears again more conspicuous as it gets nearer to the opening of a renal papilla out of the collecting tube. Considering from the result obtained, it is supposed that the polysaccharide metabolism of the kidney is not only being done in the proximal renal tubules, but in the distal renal tubules as well.
Part II. Increase and Decrease of Kidney Polysaccharide after a Few Manipulation
In this part I have studied the change in the amount of polysaccharide in the case of sublimate nephritis, natricum arsenicicum nephritis, kidney of ureter ligature and compensatory hypertrophic kidney after one kidney having been removed, chiefly from the view-point of the PAS reaction.
1) At the early stage of sublimate nephritis, the positive substance of the free rand of epithelial cells increases considerably, but with the passing of time, it gets near to the normal status.
2) In the case of natrium arsenicicum nephritis, with the passing of time, the positive substance on the free rand of epithelial cells increases, sometimes in the glomerulus too.
3) In the case of kidney of ureter ligature, the positive substance lessens with the elapse of time, sometimes it entirely disappears.
4) In the early stage of compensatory hypertrophic kidney, the positive substance decreases or disappears, but as the time goes on, it gets back to the normal amount or unusually increases.
5) Judging from the findings of PAS positive substance on the papilla collecting tube epithelium, obtained from a series of tests, I assume the operation of specific function in the process of urin production on papila collecting tube epithelium, especially polysaccharide metabolism on the mentioned part.

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Nowadays, the determination of alkaline reserve is the most necessary ank important labaratory examination in urology, especially when renal acidosis is to be discussed. However, the quantitative analysis in common use today, demands high skillfulness. Recently, authors made a confirmative study on Hennig's titration method and determined the normal range in the Japanese adults.

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The degree and rate of the recovery of the renal function following the release of the complete ureteral ligation was studied by renal clearance methods CSTS, CPAH and TmPAH) in 10 dogs.
1) In dogs whose right ureter was completely ligated for 1 week, the CSTS 1 or 2 weeks after the release were decreased to 30-40% of the control values before the ureteral ligation.
In dogs of 2 or more weeks ureteral ligation, the CSTS 1 or 2 weeks after the release were decreased to 2 to 20% of the control values.
Thereafter, in dogs of 1 or 2 weeks ureteral ligation the CSTS slowly improved, till about 80% of the control value on 9 weeks after the release, but in dogs of 3 or more weeks ureteral ligation the improvement of CSTS was not certainly observed till 7 weeks after release.
2) Similar tendencies were observed in CPAH and TmPAH of the same dogs.
3) The functions of the contralateral kidney were compensatorily increased in many cases.
4) The nephrectomy of the contralateral kidney 7 days after the release of the obstruction resulted in a more prompt and greater improvement of CSTS, CPAH and TmPAH in dog even of 3 weeks ureteral ligation.

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