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During the course of an investigation on microbial metabolism of lysine, my collaborator and I have found the occurrence of three kinds of new enzymes requiring NAD (P)^+ or FAD as a coenzyme : (1) meso-α, ε-diaminopimelate D-dehydrogenase in Bacillus sphaericus, which catalyzes the formation of meso-α, ε-diaminopimelate from L-α-amino-ε-ketopimelate, an intermediate of lysine biosynthesis in bacteria ; (2) L-lysine ε-dehydrogenase in Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; and (3) L-lysine α-oxidase in the aqueous extract of wheat bran culture of Trichoderma viride. These enzymes were purified to homogeneity and characterized. Furthermore, B_6 enzymes, L-lysine : α-ketoglutarate ε-aminotransferase and meso-α, ε-diaminopimelate decarboxylase which catalyzes the final step oflysine biosynthesis in bacteria have been studied with emphasis on the stereochemical mechanism of the enzyme reactions. Key Words : diaminopimelate dehydrogenase, lysine ε-dehydrogenase, lysine α-oxidase, stereochemistry of lysine ε-aminotransferase reaction, stereochemistry of diaminopimelate decarboxylase reaction.

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The correlation between serum ubiquinone-10 (UQ_<10>) levels and the effects on lipid metabolism were investigated in 49 patients with hyperlipemia after oral administration of 30 mg or 60 mg UQ_<10> for 6 months, and the following results were obtained ; 1) Serum UQ_<10> level was significantly increased after administration of 60 mg UQ_<10>, but not 30 mg. 2) Serum total cholesterol level was gradually decreased after UQ_<10> administration. The mean total cholesterol level was significantly decreased in hypercholesterolemic (&lnE;250 mg/dl) patients. 3) Serum mean triglyceride level was also reduced gradually, but not significantly. The mean level of serum triglyceride was significantly decreased in hypertriglyceridemic (&lnE;170 mg/dl) patients. 4) Interestingly, a lipoprotein fraction, high density lipoprotein (HDL), was significantly increased in patients with low HDL levels (<35 mg/dl). 5) The mean level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction was reduced after UQ_<10> ingestion. The reduction was especially remarkable in patients with high LDL levels (&lnE;170 mg/dl). 6) No remarkable changes were observed on the levels of serum lipid peroxide. 7) The serum UQ_<10> levels were not correlated significantly with serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-and LDL-cholesterol and lipid peroxide before and after oral UQ_<10> administration. 8) Neither clinical nor hematological and chemical abnormalities were observed after UQ_<10> ingestion for 6 months. Key Words : ubiquinone-10,lipid metabolism, high speed liquid chromatography, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol

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