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奥田 邦雄
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
87-96
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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This is the review of the studies conducted both in humans and rats to elucidate the metabolism of vitamin B_<12> during pregnancy. Vitamin B_<12> is transferred from the mother to the fetus via the placenta which is capable of extracting this vitamin from the maternal blood and sends it into the fetus against a concentration gradient, the fetal blood vitamin B_<12> being much higher than the maternal vitamin B_<12>. The villi of the placenta probably have an active transport system for vitamin B_<12>. It was observed that a cretin was born to a mother who had abnormally low serum vitamin B_<12>. The possible involvement of this vitamin in abnormal fetal development and an interrelationship between vitamin B_<12> and the thyroid are pointed out. The nutritional burden imposed upon pregnant females is also discussed from the nutritional and clinical point of view.
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勝井 五一郎
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
97-99
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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The author obtained the following results from calciun treated paper partition chromatography of vitamin A aldehyde. The Rf value of vitamin A aldehyde was found to be from 0.14 to 0.22,when petroleum benzine was used as the developing solvent. A detection of vitamin A aldehyde was done by spraying SbCl_3 solution on the paper. This method was found more sensitive than a detection by yellow color of vitamin A aldehyde itself on paper after chromatography. Vitamin A aldehyde was easily separated from its mixture with vitamin A alcohol and esters on the paper partition chromatography, on which the minimum amount of the aldehyde detected was down to 0.05 μg.
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勝井 五一郎
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
99-103
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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Vitamin A aldehyde is stable in the alkaline solution at low temperature, but the aldehyde was decomposed by heating with alkali, yielding a large amount of decomposition products, in which a trace of a compound considered to be vitamin A alcohol was detected. It is assumed, therefore, that not only the estimation but also the identification of vitamin A aldehyde are impossible when the aldehyde treated under the similar condition was used for the hydrolysis of vitamin A esters. The isomerization of vitamin A aldehyde was resulted even at room temperature when the aldehyde was treated with alcoholic hydrochloric acid. The substance showing the absorption spectra corresponding to those of anhydrovitamin A and some of other oxidized products are also formed in the above alcoholic hydrochloric acid solution upon heating. Vitamin A aldehyde is comparatively stable under day light, a fluorescent lamp, or quartz-mercury lamp, but this substance was gradually oxidized in process of hours of exposure. For the decomposition activities of these irradiation, the quartz-mercury lamp has the strongest, followed by the fluorescent lamp, and day light was the weakest in activity.
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宮川 久邇子, 池畑 秀夫, 村田 希久
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
103-108
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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Influences of daily administration of, a large amount of thiamine propyldisulfide (TPD) to rats with feed for 2 months were investigated by the growth of rats, the contents of riboflavin and thiamine in livers, and xanthine oxidase and D-amino acid oxidase activities of livers. TPD 3 mg per rot per day as a large amount, were given to two groups of rats, i. e., a riboflavin deficient group and a group with riboflavin 7-8μg/rat/day, and the results were compared with those of the groups given TPD 30μg/rat/day, as a regular amount respectively to the riboflavin deficient group or the group of 7-8μg/rat/day. The results obtained showed that administration of the large amount of TPD to the riboflavin deficient rats did not give any aggravating effect upon the growth of rats, thiamine or riboflavin contents and enzyme activities of livers. Rather a progressive effect was observed when the large amount of TPD was given to the group of rats fed riboflavin 7-8μg/rat/day.
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長谷 里江, 池畑 秀夫, 村田 希久
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
108-111
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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Pyrimidinyl-cysteine-sulfoxide, mp. 175-177℃ (decomp.), was obtained by the oxidation of pyrimidinyl-cysteine, formula (I), which was produced from thiamine and cysteine by the catalytic reaction of bacterial thiaminase I. The result of elementary analysis of the sulfoxide corresponded to the theoretical value of the formula (II). Dragendorff and ninhydrin reactions of the crystal were positive and nitroprusside reaction was negative. Ultraviolet absorption spectra of the sulfoxide at pH 5 and 7 were similar to those of pyrimidinyl-cysteine. Infrared absorption spectrum of the oxidation product showed the existence of a sulfoxide group in the molecule, which was not dectected in pyrimidinyl-cysteine.
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米谷 清正, 香坂 昌彦, 中村 太郎, 清水 淳, 浅井 鐘
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
111-116
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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In a previous report, it was confirmed that vitamin B_<12> was easily lost when dried activated sludge was exposed to rain during its solar evaporation under high temperature. On the basis of the above fact, examination on an extraction of vitamin B_<12> from the sludge has been made, not by heating and stirring, but by immersion in hot water or by washing therewith. The results were as follows : The content of vitamin B_<12> in the extract thus obtained was concentrated up to ca. 3.5 μg per ml., that is, its value was equivalent to 200μg/g of the dehydrated extract. The yield of vitamin B_<12> exceeded 70%. As the procedure was simplified because of easy separation of the extract from the sludge thus treated, and of smaller content of moisture in that sludge, the time required for this procedure was shortened, and successive operations were possible.
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須原 喬
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
117-119
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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In order to ascertain the existence of thiothiamine in natural foodstuffs, which have been previously proved by chemical or microbiological method, the acid water extract of onion was shaken with acid clay, then the separated clay was eluted by 50% ethanol containing HCl. The eluate was evaporated and extracted by butanol, the butanol solution was further fractionated through column-chromatogram using filter-paper pulp. Finally thiothiamine was identified as the spot of Rf 0.72 by paper chromatography (acetic acid・butanol・water=1 : 4 : 5) of the concentrate. An another proof of thiothiamine was carried out through its transformation into thiochrome by cyanogen bromide in acid medium, the aqueous extract of onion or of cabbage was kept for 30 minutes with excess of cyanogen bromide at pH 3.5,and then cyanogen bromide was expelled by aeration. During this process thiamine in the solution had been unchanged. Thus formed thiochrome was extracted by butanol from the solution after addition of NaOH and identified by paper chromatography and spectrophotography. The extract of cabbage showed an another spot beside thiochrome, while that of onion indicated one spot of thiochrome only at paper chromatography.
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ビタミンE欠乏におけるマロンアルデヒドの生成とGulonolactone oxidase阻害との関係 : Kitabchi, A.E., McCay, P.B., Carpenter, P.E, Trucco, R.E., Caputto, R : G.Biol.Chem.235,1591,1960
高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
119-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
119-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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須原 喬, 入谷 信子
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
120-124
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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Thiothiamine, subcutaneously injected in rats, was easily metabolized and excreted in urine to a far less extent compared with thiamine excretion after its injection. The urine, collected after injection of thiothiamine (30mg), showed three main spots (Rf 0.88-0.95,0.7 and 0.3) on paper chromatography (acetic acid・butanol・water). After making the urine alkaline it was extracted by ether and then by butanol, the ether solution contained thiothiamine and the butanol solution was fractionated through column chromatography using cellulose powder. The oily substance of Rf 0.88 and 0.95 on paper chromatogram (acetic acid・butanol・water=1 : 4 : 5), was separated and identified as 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethylthiazole by preparing its picrate (mp. 117℃) which coincided with the picrate from the authentic sample.
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動物組織中のTocopherol, Ubiquinone, Ubichromenolの同時定量法 : Diplock, A.T., Green, J., Edwin, E.E., Bunyan, J. : Biochem.J.76,563,1960
高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
124-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
124-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
124-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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岡田 幸蔵
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
125-129
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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For the purpose of checking possible conversion of dihydrothiamine into thiamine during germination and growth of plants, either the wheat grains, previously immersed in a dihydrothiamine solution, were germinated or the grains, previously germinated, were maintained in the cotton-sponge containing dihydrothiamine solution. In both cases dihydrothiamine was decomposed to a great extent ; a small portion of dihydrothiamine and a negligible amount of thiamine were detected in grains. Incubation of dihydrothiamine with homogenate of germinated wheat grains for 22 hours resulted also in decomposition of dihydrothiamine and practically no formation of thiamine, while incubation with the boiled homogenate showed a similar decomposition of dihydrothiamine. Homogenates of sprouts of soy beans or green beans, onions and spinachs destructed dihydrothiamine on incubating them with dihydrothiamine. Thus dihydrothiamine was proved to be unstable and decomposed easily on its contact with vegetable protein and the hypothesis of dihydrothiamine as a precursor of thiamine biosynthesis was not probable.
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
129-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
129-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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岡田 幸蔵, 山田 智佐江
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
130-133
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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Cultures of bakers' yeast, Rhodotorula flava (Saito) Lodder No. 0407,R. rubra (Demme) Lodder No. 0382,or Neurospora crassa incubated hours 48 hours with 10-20mg% dihydrothiamine showed destruction of dihydrothiamine to the extent of 90-100%, and formation of thiamine to 4-10%. The similar destruction of dihydrothiamine and formation of thiamine were observed with an extract of boiled bakers' yeast. Dihydrothiamine was readily decomposed in contact with the cultures of these microorganisms and formation of thiamine from it was not enzymatic ; it was a mere oxidation of dihydrothiamine by aeration or dissolved oxygen.
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
133-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
133-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
133-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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岡田 幸蔵
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
134-139
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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Bakers' yeast extract containing alcohol dehydrogenase was incubated with 0.5 mM DPN and 3.8 mM dihydrothiamine at pH 8.5 and reduction of DPN (increase of absorption at 340 mμ) was observed whereas no formation of thiamine was detected. Dihydrothiamine was greatly decomposed even at the presence of boiled yeast extract and simultaneously DPN was reduced probably by mercaptol derived from dihydrothiamine. Either peroxidase from horse-radish with hydrogen peroxide and guaiacol or lipoxidase from soy bean with linoleate was capable to oxidize dihydrothiamine into thiamine to the extent of 3-20% (in peroxidase) or 1-4% (in lipoxidase). Simultaneous decomposition of dihydrothiamine also occurred to much greater extents corresponding to durations of its incubating time.
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米原 孝彦
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
140-150
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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The author studied the distribution of thiamine in organs of young albino rats at various stages of suckling and weaning period. Thiamine content in all of the organs increased with the lapse of time after birth and reached the highest value after weaning, but transitory decrease of thiamiane was observed in liver, kidney, heart and cerebrum immediately after birth. The thiamine contents of skin and hair increased rapidly after birth. The thiamine in stratum germinativum of epidermis and hair follicles reached the highest value, prior to weaning. Nervous cells in cerebrum and epithelium of digestive tracts showed a relatively high level of thiamine at the day of birth.
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
150-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
150-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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米原 孝彦
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
151-158
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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Using young white rats submitted to deficiency during suckling and weaning period, the author studied histochemical distribution of thiamine in the organs before and after weaning. Even in advanced stages of thiamine deficiency, nervous cells in cerebrum and epithelium of digestive tracts, especially of intestine maintained a relatively high content of thiamine. Decrease in thiamine was more marked in renal tubuli than in glomeruli. The thiamine content in white pulp of spleen, especially in secondary nodules markedly reduced, reacting sensitively to thiamine deficiency. Stratum germinativum in epidermis showed rapid decrease in thiamine content at early stage of thiamine deficiency.
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満田 久輝, 河合 文雄, 鈴木 譲
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
159-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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片桐 英郎, 栃倉 辰六郎, 岡村 進
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
159-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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桂 英輔, 向野 栄
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
159-160
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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能勢 善嗣, 上田 潔, 西田 桓一郎
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
160-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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中村 恒男, 楠 智一, 加藤 健造
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
160-161
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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村田 希久
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
161-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田 亮平, 加藤 忠克
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
161-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田 亮平, 上原 悌次郎, 戸崎 瑛子
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
161-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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木村 廉, 榊原 栄一, 勝又 増幸
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
161-162
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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堀田 一雄, 石黒 伊三雄
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
162-
発行日: 1961/05/25
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川崎 近太郎, 山田 智佐江
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
162-163
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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川崎 近太郎, 富田 勲
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
163-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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松居 宗俊
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
163-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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内海 勇, 原田 清人
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
163-164
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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小原 正郎
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
164-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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渡辺 厚, 堀 正剛, 林 善達
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
165-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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中野 七子, 滝波 昭子, 原 実
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
165-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高井 俊夫, 美濃 真
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
165-166
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高井 俊夫, 美濃 真, 菱田 音三郎
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
166-
発行日: 1961/05/25
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小川 俊太郎, 小林 正
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
166-167
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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武田 健一, 山本 隆一, 高橋 哲也
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
167-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
167-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
167-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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高田
原稿種別: 本文
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
167-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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原稿種別: 付録等
1961 年 23 巻 2 号 p.
168-
発行日: 1961/05/25
公開日: 2017/12/22
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