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I. Fermentation, Isolation and Structures of Salfredins
KOICHI MATSUMOTO, KAZUO NAGASHIMA, TOSHIYUKI KAMIGAUCHI, YOSHIMI KAWAM ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
439-446
Published: June 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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New inhibitors of aldose reductase, designated salfredins A
3, A
4, A
7, C
1, C
2, C
3 and B
11, were isolated from the fermentation broth of
Crucibulum sp. RF-3817 by successive purification procedures of solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatographies and reverse-phase HPLC. Their structures were established by spectroseopic methods, including UV, SI-MS and NMR. The structures of salfredins A
4 and B
11 were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
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KAORU SAKAI, KAZUO WATANABE, KAZUO MASUDA, MICHINORI TSUJI, KEIJI HASU ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
447-456
Published: June 25, 1995
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Ten triprenyl phenol metabolites were isolated as inhibitors of pancreatic cholesterol esterase from cultures of
Stachybotrys sp. F-1839 by solvent extraction and column chromatographies. Combination of spectroscopic analyses revealed that two of these compounds are K-76 (
1) and stachybotrydial (
2), and that the remaining eight are new congeners (designated F 1839- A (
3), -B (
4), -C (
5), -D (
6), -E (
7), -F (
8), -I (
9) and -J (
10)). These compounds inhibited pancreatic cholesterol esterase by 50% at 6 × 10
-5 to 1.1 × 10
-1 M. Inhibition of the enzyme by compound
2, the most potent one among these compounds, was time-dependent and irreversible. When administered to normal rats,
2, at a single oral dose of 100mg/kg, reduced [
14C] cholesterol absorption by 50-60%. In cholesterol-fed mice, dietary supplementation of
2 (0.1%) for 14 days resulted in a 20% reduction in serum total cholesterol level without causing significant change in the high density lipoprotein cholesterol level.
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KAI UWE BINDSEIL, PAUL HUG, HEINRICH H. PETER, FRANK PETERSEN, BARBARA ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
457-461
Published: June 25, 1995
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A new angucyclinone, named balmoralmycin (
1), was isolated as an inhibitor of protein kinase C-α (PKC-α) from the
Streptomyces strain P6417. Chemical screening of extracts of the same strain resulted in the detection of two decaketides with unusual structural features (
2 and
3). Both compounds belong to a recently described structural class of secondary metabolites which arises from engineered biosynthesis of a recombinant
Streptomyces strain. The isolation of compounds of this class from a wild-type strain has never been reported before.
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I. Discovery, Taxonomy, Fermentation and Biological Properties
MARIANNA JACKSON, JAMES P. KARWOWSKI, ROBERT J. THERIAULT, RONALD R. R ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
462-466
Published: June 25, 1995
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A novel series of microbial metabolites were discovered in fermentation broths of two soil isolates. Both cultures were identified as strains of
Micromonospora chalcea. Production of the metabolites, named macquarimicins, was monitored by an HPLC assay. A seven-day fermentation yielded 27mg/liter of macquarimicin A. With MICs of 50 to 100 μg/ml, macquarimicin A has only very low activity against strains of
Bacteroides and other anaerobes. Macquarimicin B has inhibitory activity against the leukemia cell line P-388.
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II. Isolation and Structural Elucidation
JILL E. HOCHLOWSKI, MARK M. MULLALLY, RODGER HENRY, DAVID M. WHITTERN, ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
467-470
Published: June 25, 1995
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A novel series of carbocyclic compounds has been isolated from two related
Micromonospora cultures. The C-19 and C-22 macquarimicins represent different end products on a similar biosynthetic scheme. 1-D and 2-D homonuclear and heteronuclear NMR experiments allowed assignemnt of the basic structures of the macquarimicins. An X-ray structure of macquarimicin B suggested the stereochemistry for the series which was not discernible from spectroscopic data alone.
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NOBUO HOSOKAWA, HIROSHI NAGANAWA, HIRONOBU IINUMA, MASA HAMADA, TOMIO ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
471-478
Published: June 25, 1995
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New triene-ansamycins designated thiazinotrienomycins A, B, C, D and E were isolated from culture broth of
Streptomyces sp. MJ672-m3 for their activities against cervical cancer cell lines. The structures and some biological and biochemical properties of the antibiotics were determined.
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RINA GONZALEZ, LAURA ISLAS, ANA-MARIA OBREGON, LAURA ESCALANTE, SERGIO ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
479-483
Published: June 25, 1995
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The effect of ammonium on the fermentative production of gentamicin in
Micromonospora purpurea has been studied using a chemically defined medium. Ammonium chloride concentrations ranging from 20 to 150 mM resulted in a proportional stimulation of growth and antibiotic formation. The use of other ammonium salts exerted a similar effect. Among the products of ammonium assimilation, glutamate and glutamine were able to exert the stimulatory effect. In addition, both amino acids reproduced the stimulation in resting cell systems of this microorganism and this result was not modified by the presence of chloramphenicol, eliminating a possible inductive action as the cause of this effect. The use of a glutamine synthetase inhibitor prevented antibiotic formation. This inhibition was reverted only by glutamine, suggesting that this amino acid was responsible of ammonium stimulation. Glutamine stimulation seems to be due to its ability to produce 2-deoxystreptamine and glucosamine, intermediates of the gentamicin biosynthetic pathway.
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SHIZUKO KAKINUMA, HARUO IKEDA, YOSHIO TAKADA, HARUO TANAKA, DAVID A. H ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
484-487
Published: June 25, 1995
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The new antibiotic tetrahydrokalafungin was produced by the transformants of kalafungin producing
S. tanashiensis and kalafungin-nonproducing mutants carrying the recombinant plasmid pKU523. This plasmid consists of pKU501 (J. Antibiotics 44: 995-1005, 1991) which contains the gene cluster for kalafungin biosynthesis, and additional 5kb stability region of SCP2
*.
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KOUICHI ITO, TSUYOSHI KOBAYASHI, YOSHINORI MORIYAMA, KAZUNOBU TOSHIMA, ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
488-494
Published: June 25, 1995
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We screened natural chemical compounds which inhibit the expression of newly-synthesized MHC class II molecules on the cell surface. IFN-γ stimulates Colo 205 adenocarcinoma cells to induce the expression of MHC class I, MHC class II, and 1C AM-1 molecules on the cell surface. We show here that concanamycin B inhibits the expression of MHC class II molecules on Colo 205 cells, whereas it does not affect the expression of MHC class I and ICAM-1 molecules. Concanamycin B also abrogates the enhancement of the MHC class II expression by IL-4 on mouse lymphocytes. Furthermore, concanamycin B suppresses the antigen presentation by MHC class II molecules.
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III. Structure Elucidation of Pyripyropenes E to L
HIROSHI TOMODA, NORIKO TABATA, DA-JUN YANG, HIROAKI TAKAYANAGI, HIROYU ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
495-503
Published: June 25, 1995
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Eight new pyripyropenes, E to L, were isolated from the culture broth of
Aspergillus fumigatus FO-1289-2501 selected as a higher producer by NTG mutation. Structural elucidation indicated that all the pyripyropenes have the same pyridino-α-pyrone sesquiterpene core as pyripyropenes A to D. Among them, pyripyropene L showed the most potent inhibition against acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC
50 value of 0.27 μM in rat liver microsomes.
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TERUYUKI SAKAI, HIROYUKI KAWAI, MASARU KAMISHOHARA, ATSUO ODAGAWA, AKA ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
504-508
Published: June 25, 1995
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A series of SPM VIII analogs were synthesized to investigate the effect of the amino acid moiety on the antitumor activity. The L-threonine analog and the glycylglycine analog of SPM VIII showed much higher cytotoxity to P388 murine leukemia cells (IC
50 5.8 nM and 0.11 nM, respectively) than SPM VIII (IC
50 25 nM). However, replacement of the glycine moiety with other amino acids greatly reduced the antitumor activity against COL-1 human colon cancer xenograft model. This study indicated that the glycine moiety of SPM VIII is crucial for the antitumor effect.
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DAVID F. CORBETT, DAVID K. DEAN, ALEXANDER R. GREENLEES, DAVID T. MACP ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
509-515
Published: June 25, 1995
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Several new C-16 oximino and vinyl derivatives of amphotericin B are described. They are prepared by the reaction of a suitably protected amphotericin B C-16 aldehyde with hydroxylamine derivatives and Wittig reagents, respectively, followed by sequential removal of the protecting groups. The compounds possess potent antifungal activity
in vitro, similar to or in some cases superior to that of amphotericin B itself. With the exception of the C-16 (
Z)-methoxime, the new derivatives do not show significantly reduced haemolytic activity against mammalian erythrocytes compared with amphotericin B.
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JAMES N. McGUIRE, SCOTT R. WILSON, KENNETH L. RINEHART
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
516-519
Published: June 25, 1995
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RAYMOND F. MILLER, STELLA HUANG
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
520-521
Published: June 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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CORINNA VOLKMANN, UWE HART JEN, AXEL ZEECK, HANS-PETER FIEDLER
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
522-524
Published: June 25, 1995
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NAOYUKI AWAZU, KATSUSHIGE IKAI, JUNKO YAMAMOTO, KAZUKO NISHIMURA, SHIG ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
525-527
Published: June 25, 1995
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TOHRU MASUDA, SHUN-ICHI WATANABE, MASAHIDE AMEMIYA, MASAAKI ISHIZUKA, ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
528-529
Published: June 25, 1995
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JAE CHUL JUNG, MYOUNG Goo KIM, Moo JE SUNG, YONG KEY CHOI, SANG GEUN A ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
530-531
Published: June 25, 1995
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HARUO IKEDA, CHANG-HONG PANG, HIROFUMI ENDO, TOSHIO OHTA, HARUO TANAKA ...
1995 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages
532-534
Published: June 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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