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THEODOR FEHR, VALERIE F. J. QUESNIAUX, JEAN-JACQUES SANGLIER, LUKAS OB ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
893-899
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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Two novel metabolites, cymbimicins A and B, were isolated from the culture broth of a strain of
Micromonospora sp. by screening for cyclophilin binding metabolites from actinomycete strains. Cymbimicin A binds to cyclophilin A with a high affinity six fold lower than to that of cyclosporin A. The binding affinity of Cymbimicin B is about 100 times lower. The taxonomy of the producing strain, fermentation, isolation, physical and biological properties and structure elucidation are described.
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I. Taxonomy, Fermentation, Isolation and Antimicrobial Activities
NAOKI MATSUMOTO, TOSHIO TSUCHIDA, MAYA UMEKITA, NAOKO KINOSHITA, HIRON ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
900-905
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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A new structural class of the antibiotic, epoxyquinomicins A, B, C and D were isolated from the culture broth of the strain MK299-95F4, which was related to
Amycolatopsis sulphurea. Antimicrobial activity of epoxyquinomicins A and B were weak against Gram-positive bacteria, and epoxyquinomicins C and D showed almost no antimicrobial activity and no cytotoxicity. All these antibiotics showed improvement of collagen induced arthritis
in vivo.
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II. Effect on Type II Collagen-induced Arthritis in Mice
NAOKI MATSUMOTO, HIRONOBU IINUMA, TSUTOMU SAWA, TOMIO TAKEUCHI, SHIN-I ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
906-911
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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The anti-arthritic effects of epoxyquinomicins on type II collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice were examined. Prophylactic treatment with epoxyquinomicins A, B, C and D (1-4mg/kg) had potent inhibitory effects on type II collagen-induced arthritis. In contrast to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), epoxyquinomicin C (1-30mg/kg) had neither an anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats nor an analgesic effect on acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. These results suggest that the mode of action of epoxyquinomicins is different from that of NSAIDs and that epoxyquinomicins may become useful drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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III. Physico-chemical Properties and Structure Determination
NAOKI MATSUMOTO, TOSHIO TSUCHIDA, RYUICHI SAWA, HIRONOBU IINUMA, HIKAR ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
912-915
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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The structures of epoxyquinomicins A (1), B (2), C (3) and D (4) were determined by spectroscopic studies. Compound 1 was determined to be (5
R, 6
S)-2-(3-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoylamino)-5-hydroxymethyl-5, 6-epoxy-2-cyclohexene-1, 4-dione. Compound 2 was revealed to be the dechlorinated derivative of 1. Compounds 3 and 4 were determined to be the reduced derivative of 2 and 1, respectively.
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HITOSHI IZUMIDA, KYOKO ADACHI, AKIRA MIHARA, TOHRU YASUZAWA, HIROSHI S ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
916-918
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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A new xanthine oxidase inhibitor named hydroxyakalone was isolated from the culture broth of a marine bacterium
Agrobacterium aurantiacum N-81106. Structure of hydroxyakalone was determined to be 4-amino-1
H-pyrazolo[3, 4-d]pyrimidine-3-one-6-ol by the spectral studies of hydroxyakalone and its permethyl derivative. The concentration to induce 50% inhibition (IC
50) was 4.6μM against xanthine oxidase.
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FANG FANG, HIDEAKI UI, KAZURO SHIOMI, ROKURO MASUMA, YUUICHI YAMAGUCHI ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
919-925
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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Aspergillus sp. FO-4282 was found to produce two new components of the aspochalasins. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses.
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I. Taxonomy, Production, Isolation and Biological Properties
MASAYUKI IGARASHI, NAOKO KINOSHITA, TAKAKO IKEDA, EIKO NAKAGAWA, MASA ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
926-931
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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Formamicin, an antifungal antibiotic, was isolated from the cultured broth of an actinomycete strain. The strain was isolated from a soil collected at Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan, and identified as
Saccharothrix sp. MK27-91F2.
Formamicin was extracted with acetone from cultured mycelia and purified by silicagel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies and CPC (Centrifugal liquid-liquid Partition Chromatography).
Formamicin showed strong antimicrobial activity against phytopathogenic fungi.
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II. Structure Elucidation of Formamicin
MASAYUKI IGARASHI, HIKARU NAKAMURA, HIROSHI NAGANAWA, TOMIO TAKEUCHI
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
932-936
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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A novel antifungal antibiotic, formamicin, was isolated from the culture broth of
Saccharothrix sp. MK27-91F2.
The absolute structure of formamicin was determinated by spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analysis and degradation study.
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AVITAL MAZAR BEN-JOSEF, ELIAS K. MANAVATHU, DAVID PLATT, JACK D. SOBEL
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
937-943
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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The
in vitro activity of a naturally occurring complex carbohydrate, CAN-296, was evaluated by testing 132 clinical and ATCC isolates of yeast and
Aspergillus fumigatus, many of which were azoic-resistant. The
in vitro susceptibility tests were performed by standardized broth microand macrodilution methods and results were compared with those obtained for amphotericin B, fluconazole, ketoconazole, flucytosine and the pneumocandin L-733, 560. All tested
Candida species showed highly uniform susceptibility to CAN-296 at concentrations of 0.078 to 0.312μg/ml; non-
albicans Candida were as susceptible to CAN-296 as the
Candida albicans strains. Multi-azoleresistant
Candida species were highly sensitive to CAN-296. Minimum inhibitory concentration measurements did not differ from minimum lethal concentrations by more than two-fold for all tested
Candida species.
Aspergillus fumigatus, on the other hand, showed only moderate susceptibility to CAN-296. The kinetics of the anti-
Candida activity of CAN-296 was investigated by killcurve experiments using
C. albicans and
C. glabrata and the results were compared with those obtain for amphotericin B. CAN-296 was found to be rapidly fungicidal in concentrations ranging from 4°C fold the mean MIC value. The broad spectrum of anti-
Candida activity together with the rapid fungicidal effect make this complex carbohydrate a promising agent for clinical use.
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TAKEO SUGAWARA, AKIHIRO TANAKA, HARUMITSU IMAI, KOJI NAGA, KENICHI SUZ ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
944-948
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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During the course of our screening for new antibiotics,
Micromonospora echinospora subsp. echinospora Y-03559J was found to produce a novel isonitrile compound, YM-47515 (
1) along with a probable degradation product
2. The structure of
1 was assigned by spectroscopic analysis including 2D NMR and IR experiments. The relative stereochemistry of
1 was also proposed by comparison of spectral data with those of a closely related compound aerocyanidin (
3). YM-47515 (
1) showed promising antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
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KAZUHIRO YOSHIKAWA, TAKAHIDE TAKADERA, KYOKO ADACHI, MIYUKI NISHIJIMA, ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
949-953
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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A novel antibiotic named korormicin was isolated from the marine bacterium,
Pseudoalteromonas sp. F-420. This strain was isolated from the surface of a macro alga
Hahmeda sp. collected from Palau (the Republic of Belau). The planar structure of korormicin was determined by the result of 2D NMR studies and mass spectral data. Korormicin had specific inhibitory activity against marine Gram-negative bacteria, but was inactive against terrestrial microorganisms.
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SUNGSOOK LEE, BERND SAUERBREI, JUTTA NIGGEMANN, ERIN EGELKROUT
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
954-960
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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To investigate the source of the maltose unit in acarbose, feeding experiments using
3H- or
2H-labeled maltose or maltotriose were carried out with resting cells of
Actinoplanes sp. SN223/29. It was found by experiments with [6"-
3H]- and [1-
3H]maltotriose that a maltose unit from the nonreducing end of maltotriose is incorporated into acarbose more efficiently than from the reducing end. However, experiments with [6"-
2H]- and [2-
2H]maltotriose showed that maltose from either the reducing end or from the nonreducing end of maltotriose was incorporated into acarbose. The results established that acarbose is formed from maltotriose by two routes; (1) Sixty percent of the acarbose are formed by attachment of maltose, produced by removing a glucose exclusively from the nonreducing end of maltotriose, to the pseudodisaccharide core unit. (2) The other 40% of the acarbose are formed by direct attachment of maltotriose to the core unit followed by loss of the terminal glucose from the reducing end. Furthermore, it was observed that there is no scrambling of label between the two glucose moieties of acarbose, that maltotriose is a comparably efficient precursor of acarbose as is maltose, and that the core unit is enriched up to 50% from the 2H-glucose liberated from the deuterated maltotrioses.
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KENJI KINOSHITA, TOSHIYA SASAKI, MASASHI AWATA, MASAKI TAKADA, SATOSHI ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
961-964
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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VENETA IVANOVA, ADRIANA GUSHTEROVA
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
965-969
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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YUTAKA KOGUCHI, MAKI NISHIO, JUN KOTERA, KENJI OMORI, TETSUO OHNUKI, S ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
970-971
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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HIROSHI OHASHI, MASAHARU ISHIKAWA, JUNKO ITO, AKIHIRO UENO, GERALD J. ...
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
972-974
Published: November 25, 1997
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KANAKO YAMASHITA, KENJI KINOSHITA
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
975-978
Published: November 25, 1997
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2. Biosynthesis of Carquinostatin B via the Non-mevalonate Pathway in Streptomyces exfoliatus
NOBUYO ORIHARA, KAZUO FURIHATA, HARUO SETO
1997 Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages
979-981
Published: November 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2006
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