The amount of each of the amines which were produced by each strain of the groups, of Shigella and a strain of E. coli isolated from ekiri patients were measured by using paperchromatography.
Each strain was inoculated into the meat extract broth (pH. 7.2) containing 2 per cent glucose, 100γ/ml pyridoxine and 0.2 er cent amino acid (substrate).
After 16 hours incubation at 37° the cells were harvested by centrifugation, washed, resuspended in acetic acid buffer solution containing amino acid substrate in M/20 concentration, and incubated for 24 hours at 37°. After incubation the mixture was treated with alcohol, centrifuged, nd the precipitated protein was discarded. The supernatant was condensed and was dissolved into 0.1 ml of distilled water, and the total volume was put on a filter paper and was developed chromatographically. The clipped amine spots were eluted into 75 per cent aceton solution and the optical density was measured lorimetrically.
The amount of amine per mg N of the cells was calculated comparing with the standard curve.
Results obtained were as follows:
(1) The amount of histamine was the greatest in all amines produced.
(2) Agmatine was produced by all strains in a considerable amount, especially the Kondo Strain which was isolated from the stool of an ekiri patient.
(3) The amount of cadaverine produced was more than histamine but less than putrescine.
(4) utrescine and ry-aminobutyric acid were produced by all strains and their amounts were next to agmatine.
(5) Tyramine was not produced by all strains.
(6) The relationship between the pathogenesis of ekiri and the amount of amines produced in the intestinal canal by Shigella or Escherichia was discussed.

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According to Yamagami and Mizuhara, the toxicity of Sh. dysenteriae, E. coli and salmonella to the mouse was intensified which was inoculated with these bacterial bodies or their broth culture filtrate, when injected with sodium malonate, capable of inhibiting the TCA cycle.
I) The broth culture filtrate, prepared after Yamagami et al. was examined on the presence of amines by means of ion exchange resin method and paperchromatography, i. e., the culture filtrate of Taki strain of Sh. sonnei was poured on the column of weak acid resin IRC 50 and it's absorption layer was passed again through the weak acid resin XE 64. Then the absorbed material was investigated paperchromatographically on amines, using the ninhydrine reaction. No amine, however, was detected by this procedure.
II) 0.1 mg purified endotoxin (molecular weight 3.4×10⁵) of E. coli 0-111 was inoculated into the tale vein of 11-13 gm. mice and every hour immediately thereafter injected intraperitoneally (5 times, total 50 mg.) and then put under surveillance for the following 48 hours. The mortality rate was very high (all of 10 mice died) in a short lapse of time (within 12 hours).
These results were discussed in comparison with those of Yamagami et al.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the antigenic structure of Sh. dysenteriae 2. Eighty strains have been employed in this study, the conclusions of which are summarized as follows.
All the freshly isolated strains of Sh. dysenteriae 2 possess K antigen and O antigen. This K antigen inhibits O-agglutination markedly as shown in Tab. 1. and its behaviours are shown in Tab. 2. As shown in Tab. 2, the agglutinogenic and agglutinin-binding capacities of this K antigen are neither destroyed by heating at 100° for 2 1/2 hours nor affected by the treatments of N/1-HCI, of 50% alcohol and of N/10-NaOH. But its agglutinability and O-agglutination inhibiting capacities are completely lost by even heating at 100° for 30 minutes.
The K minus variation analogous to the V-W variation of S. typhi was observed alike in this organism. In this variation, the 0-agglutination inhibiting capacity and agglutinability have disappeared from the splitted K-minus variants, yet the agglutinogenic and agglutinin-binding capacities are what they were before. This varition is accompanied with the changes of colonial appearances which are usually observed in other Enterobacteriaceae with K antigen. In this species K-minus variation has seldomly occurred in freshly isolated strains.
The 0 antigen is composed of two factors which we labeled as IIa and IIb as shown in Tab. 3. Antigen Ha is present in all strains and a part of this antigen is serologically related to the 0 antigen of E. coli 0-112. Antigen IIb is also present in most strains, but when these strains are subcultured on artificial media for some generations, this antigen is lost in some of them. This variation is analogous to the so-called phase variation of Flexner Group of dysentery bacilli. However, the strains without antigen IIb were rarely isolated from the feces of patients. As shown in Tab. 2, this antigen is alkali-labile, so it is doubtful whether this antigen is involved in the true 0 antigen or not.
The antigenic variations of Sh. dysenteriae 2 are diagramatically shown in Fig. 1.
It should be emphasized that the strains of the forms 1 and 2 were actually isolated from all the patients or carriers, but the forms 3 and 4, both of which are K-minus variants, were only found in stock cultures. The true rough variant, devoid of the O and K antigens entirely, is dissociated, and it has a specific antigen which was demonstrated by only complement fixation tests.

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Novobiocin was orally administered to 2 cases with otitis media owing to staphylococcus, 2 cases with furuncle at the top of nose and at the nape presumably owing to staphylococcus and 14 cases with scarlet fever under simultaneous measurement of it's blood concentration.
The results were as follows:
1) With 4 cases of clear-cut staphylococcus and presumed staphylococcus infection, good effects were obtained with remarkably improved signs and symptoms.
2) A relatively good clinical responsiveness was noted with 14 cases of scarlet fever:
Excellent effect 1 case
Good effect 10 cases
Uncertain effect 3 cases.
3) The serum level of novobiocin was unexpectedly low from an undecided reason, probably from the different method of determination or from the individual difference.

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