Live attenuated vaccine alone, Live vaccine with gammaglobulin, Live vaccine after killed vaccine.
Measles vaccines were administrated to antibody free 137 children between the age of 8 months and 3 years. Of those studied, 87 were inoculated with live attenuated vaccines alone (L); 10 with live vac cine and gammaglobulin simultaneously (L-GG); 40, once or twice in an interval of a month with killed vaccine followed after a month by live vaccine. (KL and KKL)
1) In L-group children, 78 children (89.7%) had onset of febrile epidoses of 37.5 C or greater. from 5-14 days after incubation, lasting 1-5 days. Measles like rash appeared in 47% of vaccines. The serological conversion rate (NT antibody) was 89.7% and mean NT titer after 4 weeks was 2. No clinical and serological differences were observed among the 3 kinds of L-vaccines studied. (Biken vaccine for injection and inhalation, Denken vaccine for injection)
2) The simultaneous administration of gammaglobulin reduced the severity of illness, but the immune responses were also reduced.
3) Febrile reaction after L-vaccine was prominently reduced in children preliminary vaccinated with K-vaccine. (In KL group, 35% of children had fever after L-vaccine, in KKL children, 15%) Serologically, one dose of K-vaccine produced antibody response in 77.5% of children studied, and 100% after 2 doses. However, children with excessive elevation of NT antibody after K or KK program showed no serological response after L-vaccine.
4) No complications were observed in 4 weekes following the administration of K or L-vaccines.
5) There was no evidence of spread of the vaccine-induced measles to susceptible contacts, both clinically and serologically.

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The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the new antigenic type of Aeromonas shigelloides and to summarize the practical significance of this type of poisoning.
The study includes 53 patients with food poisoning which broke out in a community (households 83, populations 355) of Wakayama Prefecture in July 1965 and is thought to be caused reponsible by the contaminated salt mackerel sold by a pedlar.
The incidence of children, less than 10 years of age, was high and found in about 70% of all patients.
1) Symptoms were characterized by mild to severe diarrhea, abdominal pain and fever.
Common symptoms and signs which appeared are: Diarrhea: Mucous or mucopus stool was found in about a half of the cases of food poisoning but no blood was observed. Diarrheal stools, more than 5 times a day, were found in 36%. Fever-The fever ranged from 37 to 40 C in 61% and more than 39 C in 14%.
2) The organism was Aeromonas shigelloides observed first by Ewing et al. (1961) and characterized by mobile short rod, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming fermenting glucose, acid-producing from lactose, maltose, inositol and salicin, non-gas-producing, arginine dihydrolase-producing, lysine and ornithine decargoxylase-producing, non-gelatin-liquefying, tartrate, urea and citrate-utilizing and non acetylmethylcarbinol-producing organism.
3) The cultures of ten strains obtained from the patients were agglutinated with the antiserum of Shigella dysenteriae 7. It was found that the antigen of these organisms was common to Shigella. dysenteriae 7 and Escherichia coli 0-121 by the cross absorption test.

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Recently not a few cases of myelitis which became manifest after the prodromal signs of abdominal disorders have been reported in many parts of Japan. The clinical entity of this myelitis was already established and called as the “infectious column myelitis-Maekawa” Eight strains of ECHO type 21 were isolated from five fecal materials, two spinal fluid materials and one blood material using primary human embryo kidney cells.
The titers of neutralizing antibody in 29 sera of the patients (epidermics in Kushiro, Hokkaido; Muroran, Hokkaido; Okaya, Nagano; Nagoya; Kyoto; Wakayama and Kurume) were found mostly increased over those in 323 controls.
In view of these findings suggesting an etiologic role of the same agent in many separate epidemics, author believes that ECHO type 21 virus has been the actual causative agent for the so-called “infectious column myelitis-Maekawa”. With my serological studies, it is also clear that not the primary but the secondary infection of ECHO type 21 virus gave rise to the clinical manifestations.

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