Four hundred forty nine patients with Japanese B encephalitis admitted in Kyoto Municipal Hospital since 1947 to 1962 have been observed from the epideminlogical and clinical stand point of view. The results were concluded as follows.
1) The highest incidence of this disease was observed in 1951 and 1956, and the lowest was in 1947 and 1950.
2) No significant difference was observed, in the number of patients between male and female however, a tendency was noticed that more male patients were observed in infant group and more female ones in aged group.
3) It was evident that the number of patients under 15 years old have been decreasing since 1958.
4) The onset of epidemic of the disease has started at the begining of August in most of the years and in these years more patients were obresved.
5) A higher indiednce of this disease was observed in the south and the east part of Kyoto City.
6) The mortality of this disease was 34.7 percent in this City (159 patients out of 449 patients died of this disease). It was higher in female and aged group.
7) Onset with other symptoms than fever was observed in 13.8 percent of the patients.
8) The highest body temperature was 40 to 41 centigrades in most cases. A parallelism seemed to exist between body temperature and letality.
9) Disturbance of consciousness was observed in 81.2 percent of the patients. Over half of the patients with coma were fatal. The prognosis of the patients with eye symptoms was poor.
10) A higher mortality was observed among the patients with lower cerebrospinal fluid pressure and less cell count in the cerebrospinal fluid.
11) Sequelae were obserued in about one fourth of the whole patients.

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Tularemia in Izu Peninsula in Shizuoka Prefecture was investigated epidemiologically and
1. All the tularemia cases collected by us occurred locally in the southern parts of Izu Peninsula; 25 cases in Minamiizumachi of them 20 cases infected each by separate hares, 7 cases in Shimoda-machi 6 infected each by separate hares, and 1 case in Matsuzaki machi.
2. Among these cases, the first case occurred in 1932 and the majority of cases occurred in 1949. Thereafter occurrences of a few cases continued to 1962.
3. Most cases occurred from December to March.
4. Almost all the cases were infected from skinning and processing the meat of hares found dead or weak.
5. The rate of inapparent infection of hunters group in each region in Izu area was as follows; South coast of the Peninsula 20.2%, Central part 19.4%, West coast 9.7%, and North part 8.3%, paralleing the number of the tularemia cases in each region of Izu Peninsula.
6. In retrospect, agglutination test that is positive above 1: 32 was advisable for the diagnosis.
7. Characteristics of the prevalence of tularemia in Japan was discussed.

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1) For the activity of Colistin methansulfate against Dysentery bacilli, the minimum inhibition concentration was 0.78-7.25 mcg/ml, and no cross resistance with SM, CP and TC was found.
2) In comparison of the effect of the treatment with Colistin methansulfate of 20, 000, 000-25, 000, 000 unit adult dosis to that 8, 000-15, 000 unit, unsuccessful cases and relapses were found less in the former group than in the latter, and besides, rapid improvement of symptoms were seen in the former.
3) The effect on results of stool cultures was better in the former, but 50% of those cases failed to shorten the duration of the excretion of bacilli in the stools.
4) The combined treatment with CoM and CP was recognized to increase the effectiveness on dysenteric symptoms and excretion on Dysentery bacilli.

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For the treatment with Colistin methansulfate 500-1, 000 mg daily, rapid disappearance of Dysentery bacilli was seen, however, improvement of clinical symtoms was not satisfactory and milder than that of CP or Tc. The authers presumed that the discrepancy of the effect between these drugs may be due to a difference of the mechanism of action of drugs.
For the improvement of the effect of Colistin, it would be emphasized to try a combined. treatment of this drug and another antibiotics like Cp, rather than to augment the dosis of Colistin

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