According to the Krawkow-Pissemski's technique, blood vessel preparation of rabbit's ear was used in order to study the influence of pretreatment with various bacterial substances on the vasoconstrictive effect of adrenaline.
As Bacterial substances, their endotoxin or polysaccharide-fraction was mainly used. Among 22 strains of Shigella dysenteriae or sonnei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella Potsdam, Pneumobacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Saccharomyces cerviciae, bacterial substances derived from 4 of 14 strains of Shigella dysenteriae, 1 of 3 strains of Escherichia coli and one strain of Salmonella Potsdam exhibited the adrenaline sensitizing effect.
The polypeptide-fraction from these bacterial substances did not exhibit such an effect.
The endotoxin or bacterial polysaccharide derived from Shigella dysenteriae isolated from 4 of 8 “Ekiri-patients” was demontsrated to exert the most powerful such effect.
On the other hand, the substance derived from Shigella dysenteriae isolated from 5 patients of ordinary colitis-type of dysentery exhibited no effect. The strain of Sal monella Potsdam was also isolated from a patient presenting “Ekiri-syndrome”.
These evidences may suggest a correlation of adrenaline sensitizing property of bacterial sudstances and the appearance of “Ekiri-syndrome”.

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The frequency diagram of Dick reaction according to the intensity was analyzed by the author in order to establish a reasonable criteria for reading of the reaction. Toxin (Lot No.3 and 4) of S₈ strain, the representative one in our countly and Toxin (Lot No.6) of a new epidemic strain 55-16 were used in this investigation.These toxins, dissolved in the usual buffer solution, 0.1 cc of which corresponded to ISTD, were injected to 1, 401 pupils of primary schools in a village where epidemics of scarlet fever were not persistent, 1, 003 pupils of primary schools in a town immediatly after a epidemic of the disease, 1, 161 pupils of primary schools in a town, children after the disease and hospitalized scarlet fever patients. Reddening was observed in all the cases, no side-reaction, or induration, or double reddening being noticed. The diameter of reddening caused by these toxins were distributed between 4-36 mm, odemonstrating a diagram with a peak at 10-15 mm. Lot No.3 and 6 differing in neutralixation demonstrated only in 50% of the children the same reddening diameter, when injected simultaneously in an individual. The reaction after the disease converted to negative only in 50% of the cases.
These data led the author to the following criteria:
The reading of Dick reaction should be made after 24 hrs, using the reddening as an indicater. All the cases with reddening are considered positive, however, those with non-specific reaction due to contrast solution must be classified into pseudopositive. Concerning the toxin, it must be prepared not from only one strain, but Irom several strains containing at least the two toxins mentioned above.

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The nutritional requirement, especially the salt demand of Vibrio comma was studied in view of the similarity of Pseudomonas enteritis, the halophilic pathogenic bacteria discovered by I. Takikawa 1955.
Several kinds of salt, sodium, potassium, magnesium and ammonium salt were used for the test.
Vibrio comma grew best in the peptone medium with NaCl, the optimum concentration being 0.3 Mol and that of other kinds of salt ranging from 0.075 to 0.3 Mol. Salts of polyvalent base, for instance Na₂SO₄ demonstrated a lower optimum concentration as compared with salts of monovalent base (Table 2. Fig. 2-5)
In the peptone medium containing glucose but no salt a better growth of Vibria comma could not be observed, but small amounts of NaCl added in it promoted the growth better than salt alone in the peptone medium. Optimum concentration of glucose was higher than that of dissociatable salts. (Table 3. Fig. 6)
The good effect of the salts and glucose on the growth of Vibrio comma was considered to be due to the osmotic pressure of the medium and perticularly thespecial agency of the salt ions.
The optimum acidity of medium to the grouth of Vibrio comma was neutral, contrary to the common opinion. This opinion way be attributable to the good effect of salts, especially the metal ions added to alkalize the medium and to the overlooking of pH alteration. (Table 4. Fig. 7)
When other conditions, i. e. salt and glucose concentration were adequate, peptone or other special nutritious were required only in a small amount. (Table 5, 6. Fig. 8, 9)
According to these data Vibrio comma demonstrates a halophilic nature characteristic of the bacteria of marine sourse, Pseudomonas enteritis Takikawa.
It was assumed that Vibrio comma was of marine source like Pseudomonas enteritis, but its divergence from the marine environment went further back than the latter, so that Vibrio comma was more accustomed to the land environment.

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Distribution of Influenza Antibody in 1959
Distribution of A₂ Antibody
Distribution among urban adult population:
<1: 16 48.9%; 1: 16-1: 32 38.6%; 1: 64 8.2%;
1: 128<4.1%.
Distribution among rural adult population:
<1: 16 57.3%; 1: 16-1: 32 37.1%; 1: 64 4.2%;
1: 128<1.2%.
Distribution among 300 urban inhabitants aged 7-18 years:
<1: 16 40.0%; 1: 16-1: 32 35.0%; 1: 64 20.0%;
1: 128<5.0%.
The distribution of A1 and B antibody was in general lower than that of A₂. Comparative studies on the influenza antibody in 1958 and 1959.
Antibody decreasement rate among 258 adults in 1958 and 763 adults in 1959: Iii regard to A₂, antibody possessing rate in 1959 was 36.8% higher than tant in 1958. Decrease of this rate: 1: 64 31.9%; 1: 128<16.9%.
Antibody decreasement rate among 415 persons in 1958 among 300 persons aged, 7-18 years:
1: 64 A₂, 20.0% A1, 24.2% B, 24.1%.
Decreasement of HI value among the general population was observed from 1958, to 1959.
The shift of antibody 12 months after influenza vaccination:
1: 256<before the vassination decreasement of 2-3 figures.
<1: 128 before the vaccination decreasement of 1-2 figures.

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Protective and curative effect of thiamine propyl disulfide (Alinamin-Takeda) was investigated by means of intracerebral and intraperitoneal inoculation of Japanese Bencephalitis virus (Nakayama-strain) into mice.
In case of intracerebral inoculation, thiamine demonstrated a slight protective, but no curative effect.
Contrary to this, in case of intraperitoneal inoculation a pronounced protective as well as curative effect was invariably demonstrated.
Review of all our experiments (5 times) proved the difference of mortality rate to be 55% between the VB₁-pretreated and the contrast group, 32% between the preand post-treated group.
The susceptibility of mice to the virus was heightened, even to the extent as in summer, when the mice had been kept for a while in a high temperature.
However, thiamine was found to be effective in lowering the susceptibility of the mice to approach that of the mice kept in a moderate room temperature.
The consumption of thiamine owing to high temperature lasting in summer probably constitutes the proximate cause to the attack of Japanese B encephalitis.

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